We are all interested in equality,but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality,other,still in the name of equality,want only to destroy it.

Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils.The standards may be changed—no examination is perfect—but to have to tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards.There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not ?believe? either in examinations or in any controls in schools or on teachers.This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficiency,the values and the purpose of each teacher.

Without examinations,employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them—a form of favouritism will replace equality.At the moment, the bright child from an ill?respected school can show certificates to prove he or she is suitable for a job,while the lack of certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well?respected school.This defence of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away,and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s reputation,unable to compete for employment with the child from the favoured school.

The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils.According to these people, there must be no special, different, academic class.They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area:all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection.The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.

The underlined word “favouritism” in Paragraph 3 is used to describe the phenomenon that_______.

A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs

B. children from well?respected schools tend to have good jobs

C. poor children with certificates are favoured in job markets

D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success

What would happen if examinations were taken away according to the author?

A. Schools for bright children would lose their reputation.

B. There would be more opportunities and excellence.

C. Children from poor families would be able to change their schools.

D. Children’s job opportunity would be affected by their school reputation.

The opponents of the examination system will agree that_______.

A. jobs should not be assigned by systematic selection

B. computers should be selected to take over many jobs

C. special classes are necessary to keep the school standards

D. schools with academic subjects should be done away with

The passage mainly focuses on_______.

A. schools and certificates    B. examination and equality

C. opportunity and employment   D. standards and reputation

We decided, in view of his special circumstances, _______ we would admit him for a short period.

A. / B. that   C. whether D. what

Small computers need small amount of power, _____ means you use less electricity.

A. what　B. that    C. which D. as

When he came to the door, my father ___ him at once although he was now a very old man.

A. knew　  B. looked at　  C. recognized　   D. found

 Terry’s talent for running and his ability to learn from his experiences _____ greatly to his  success in sport.

A.applied               B. contributed      C, devoted              D. related

— You may find the key to the maths problem on page 107.

— Ah, it’s so simple. I wonder why I ＿of that.   

       A. hadn’t thought                             B. haven’t thought              

       C. didn’t think                                  D. wasn’t thinking

Dirty Britain

Before the grass has thickened on the roadside and leaves have started growing on the trees is a perfect time to look around and see just how dirty Britain has become. The sidewalks are stained with chewing gum that has been spat out and the gutters（排水沟） are full of thrown away fast food cartons. Years ago I remember traveling abroad and being saddened by the plastic bags, waste bottles at the edge of every road. Nowadays, Britain seems to look at least as bad. What has gone wrong?

   The problem is that the rubbish created by our increasingly mobile lives lasts a lot longer than before. If it is not cleared up and properly thrown away, it stays in the bushes for years; a semi-permanent reminder of what a dirty little country we have now. Firstly, it is estimated that 10 billion plastic bags have been given to shoppers. These will take anything from 100 to 1,000 years to rot. However, it is not as if there is no solution to this. A few years ago, the Irish government introduced a tax on non-recyclable carrier bags and in three months reduced their use by 90%. When he was a minister, Michael Meacher attempted to introduce a similar arrangement in Britain. The plastics industry was against that, of course. However, they need not have bothered; the idea was killed before it could draw breath, leaving supermarkets free to give away plastic bags.

   What is clearly necessary right now is some sort of combined action, both individual and collective, before it is too late. The alternative is to continue going downhill until we have a country that looks like a vast rubbish tip(废物场 ). We may well be at the tipping point. Yet we know that people respond to their environment. If things around them are clean and tidy, people behave cleanly and tidily. If they are surrounded by dirt, they behave dirtily. Now, much of Britain looks pretty dirty. What will it look like in five years?

49. The writer says that it is a good time to see Britain before the trees have leaves because_______.

 A. Britain looks perfect.                       B. you can see Britain at its dirtiest.

C. you can see how dirty Britain is now.             D. the grass has thickened on the roadside.

50. According to the writer, the major problem is that __________.

A. rubbish can not be cleared up                B. rubbish lasts longer than it used to

C. our society is increasingly mobile           D. people in Britain are dirty

51. What can be learned about Michael Meacher?

A. He followed the Irish example with a tax on plastic bags.

B. He failed in his attempt to introduce a tax on plastic bags.

C. His attempt to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bags was welcomed.

D. He had problems with the plastics industry who weren’t bothered about the tax.

52. What does the writer state in the last paragraph?

A. It’s too late for people to take immediate action.

B. There is more than one solution to the problem.

C. Britain will become an extremely dirty country in five years.

D. People tend to behave according to what they see around them

书面表达（满分25分）   

目前，随着环保意识的增强，越来越多的人们开始倡导低碳生活。请根据下面的图表以及中文提示，用英语写一篇短文，简要描述全球近五十年来气候变化，并分析其产生的主要原因、影响及解决措施。

注意：

1．短文必须包括以上图表所表现的主要内容。

2．短文单词数：100左右（开头已给出的单词不计入单词总数）。

3．参考词汇：矿物燃料fossil fuels；二氧化碳carbon dioxide；释放：release

The diagram shows the weather changes in the global climate.                                   

The 16th Asian Games       in Guangzhou from November 12 to November 27，2010．

       A．was held        B．was holding            C．will be held         D．will be holding

-- I think we'll give Bob a ring.

-- We ______ . We have been out of touch with him for ages.

A. will                             B. may                    C. have to                D. ought to