Vinegar（醋）is an old folk treatment beneficial in a long list of diseases. Some people say that it can guard against lower blood pressure, prevent cancer, destroy infection, assist in digestion and weight control, maintain memory, and protect the mind from aging.

Vinegar is said to have been used for medical diseases for at least 10,000 years. The Babylonians first made wine into vinegar in 5000 BC using date palms, grapes, and figs, and believed vinegar had exceptional curing natures. Hippocrates is said to have used vinegar as an antibiotic（抗生素）. Samurai warriors supposedly used vinegar for strength and power. During the U.S. Civil War, soldiers used vinegar to prevent stomachic upset and as a treatment for various diseases including pneumonia and scurvy. It was used to treat wounds during World War I.

The name vinegar comes from a French word meaning "sour wine." Vinegars take their name from the material used to make the vinegar, i.e., apple cider vinegar comes from apples, wine vinegar comes from grapes.

Apple cider vinegar is made by crushing apples and squeezing out the liquid. Sugar and yeast are added to the liquid to start the fermentation（发酵） process, which turns the sugars into alcohol. In a second fermentation process, the alcohol is turned into vinegar with its sour taste.

1．Which of the following is NOT a curing effect of vinegar?

       A．To prevent lower blood pressure           B．To help lose weight

       C．To delay one’s mind getting old             D．To cure cancer

2．The second paragraph mainly talks about ________.

       A．the history of vinegar

       B．how people used vinegar medically in history

       C．the production of vinegar

       D．how vinegar has functioned since ancient times

3．What topic the author could most possibly turn to following the last paragraph?

       A．the production process of vinegar

       B．the curing effects of vinegar

       C．the production process of wine vinegar

       D．the production process of apple cider vinegar

①When Ann Agent of Portland, Oregon, was planning to attend a children's book publishing meeting in Tulsa, Oklahoma, she booked her hotel room over the phone by debit card（银行借记卡）. She and three workmates intended to split the bill and each pay the hotel directly at checkout time.   

②Two days into the meeting, Agent's husband called from home to read her a letter from her bank: Her checking account was overdrawn, and she was being charged $35 a day in overdraft fees. “I thought there had to be a mistake,” Agent says. “I keep close track of my account balance.”

③It turns out when Agent reserved the room, the hotel “blocked,” or held, enough money in Agent’s account to cover the entire four nights’ stay, plus various charges, amounting to $580．This blocked every available penny she had and caused her to overdraw. The charges weren't called off until Agent returned home the following Monday.

④Holds are common practice in the travel and hospitality industry（服务业）. They’re the merchant’s way of ensuring you’ll pay your bill. If you rent a car, the agency could block several thousand dollars to make sure you return the car. Some restaurants will place debit card holds for large parties, and a friendly bartender can put a hold on your card if you start a bill. The hold is usually removed within five business days, sometimes much sooner.

    ⑤Gas stations are ill-famed for holds. On a Friday morning in January 2005, Jessica Hathaway of Allentown, Pennsylvania, bought $22.29 of gas by debit. On Saturday, the 34-year-old single mother of three checked her bank balance and learned she was almost broke. Right before the gas station took Hathaway’s account for the gas, it conducted a $75 block, which worried her all weekend before her bank released the hold the following Tuesday.

1．Which of the following best describes the structure of the text?

      A．①②→③→④⑤                                 C．①→②③→④⑤

      C．①②③→④←⑤                                 D．①②→③④←⑤

2．Why did Ann have to overdraw her account?

      A．Because she didn’t take enough money with her.

      B．Because the hotel held the money in her account.

      C．Because the price of the hotel was too high.

   D．Because the meeting lasted longer than expected.

3．Jessica Hathaway’s experience is an evidence of the fact that ________.

   A．gas stations hold customers’ account too often

   B．people dislike gas stations for their poor service

   C．gas price is going up too high

   D．life is hard for a single mother

4．What is the author mainly trying to tell us?

      A．People should be careful of banking account theft.

   B．Single mothers can hardly afford the rising oil price.

   C．It’s important to take enough money before traveling.

      D．It’s common for businessmen to block customers’ account.

There is that great idea that in an information and knowledge based economy, the most important thing for companies is attracting and holding outstanding talented guys. Obviously I will not say that is not important, but in my opinion a successful and groundbreaking company cannot be built just from the collection of high talented people, as a great sports team can't be constructed only by the collection of great players.

It is more important to build teams of people that achieve the goals according to the company's organizational vision. It is necessary to create organizations where everybody （with outstanding talent or not） can develop their best personal capabilities and that these capacities are addressed to achieve the corporate goals and mission. The company efforts must be addressed to design an organizational system that produces and uses talent from everyone in the company.

Trying to get the best from our people through corporate team building policies, establishing a concrete corporate culture and values, making our company a place where people want to work because it is a good place to stay and develop their capacities, is the best way to compete in the knowledge economy. That will keep us out of the obligation to constantly seek for the "best players" and entering in the retribution auctions（拍卖）.

We have to take into account that, nowadays, the real talented and creative people, like to work or engage themselves in projects where they can develop their capacities, they can be involved in the organizational goals and vision, and where they are treated with respect and dignity. Definitively, they want to be happy doing their jobs. And we have to build organizations where they can find that.

1．The underlined word that in Paragraph 1 refers to ________

      A．information and knowledge

       B．the great idea

      C．the collection of talented people

       D．attracting and holding talented people

2．In the author’s opinion, a good company should consist of ________.

      A．only outstanding people                        B．both talented and common people

      C．only common people                            D．more talented people than common people

3．The most important thing a successful company should do is ________.

      A．constantly seek for talented people

    B．employ people with different abilities

      C．make the company a place where employees are glad to devote themselves to work

      D．make the company a place where employees can get the best pay and great respect

4．According to Paragraph 3, the company can get the best from its employees in the following ways EXCEPT ________.

      A．making corporate team building rules

    B．forming corporate culture and values    

      C．encouraging them to develop their abilities

    D．competing in the knowledge economy

President John Kennedy was a reader and writer. President Lyndon Johnson was a listener. President Johnson didn’t do as well as he could in the White House because he thought he had to follow Kennedy’s way of learning and absorb everything through writing. As well written as those reports were, he couldn’t understand them as well as Kennedy. It wasn’t until many years after the White House that Johnson recognized what type of learner he was. Now, all we can do is think of the possibilities of how different the United States would be right now if he learned sooner.
    Eisenhower was a reader and writer. During the war, Eisenhower insisted that all questions be presented in writing before each press event. His press events, outstanding and memorable because of his ability in writing, opened his path to Washington. In Washington, Eisenhower, now required to be a listener and respond right away, found it very difficult to learn and think. His country no longer had the full benefit of his evolutionary（渐进的）learning intelligence.
    Our school system teaches by listening and reading and not writing. This is why many writers’ in high school and college do poorly in lecture-type classes. When asked to test based on lecture, they usually receive an unsatisfactory grade for their level. When allowed to read and hand in a report, they do well. When permitted to process the information in writing, they add to classroom conversations in outstanding ways, many times moving the information in evolutionary new ways or depths.   

What type of learner are you?

1．President Johnson didn’t do in White House as well as he could because ________.

       A．he didn’t follow President Kennedy’s way of learning sooner

       B．he didn’t realize what type of learner he was sooner

       C．he didn’t learn to read and write well sooner

2．One of the reasons why Eisenhower could be President of the United States was that he was good at ________.

       A．reading                B．writing                C．listening              D．speaking

3．Why didn’t America fully benefit from Eisenhower’s intelligence after he went to Washington?

A．Because he was less interested in politics.

B．Because his aging affected his decision-making.

C．Because his way of learning had to start all over again.

D．Because the work in Washington didn’t match his way of learning.

4．It is inferred in the third paragraph that ________.

       A．something is wrong with our school system

       B．teachers should give students more chances to write

       C．students should try to learn everything well in school

       D．learners of different type are good in different fields

5．The best title for the text would be ________.

A．Learning to Be President                        B．Knowing What Type of Learner You Are

C．The Best Way to Learn                          D．The Side Effects of Wrong Ways to Learn

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（ \ ）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ∧ ），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：请在答题卡上作答。

A terrible storm took place in a Friday night. The wind was so                1__________

strong that many tree were brought down. It was eleven o’clock.                   2__________

Li Ming was still not back but his parents were very anxious                        3__________

about him. Half an hour after, the wind stopped, but it was still                4__________

raining hardly. Li Ming’s parents were about to look for him               5__________

when he come home. Li Ming explained that the storm pushed                     6__________

over big trees as well as electricity poles, blocked the roads and                    7__________

that the bridge had washed away by the floods. Therefore, they                  8__________

had to find another way back. What was even more worse, one of             9__________

his classmates had a arm hurt, so they took him to the hospital.                 10__________

你班学生最近就中学生是否应该进行军训这一话题展开了讨论。请根据下表写一篇100字左右的英语短文投稿给学校广播站。

注意：

1．短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

2．文章中不能出现真实的个人和学校信息，否则按零分计。

3．参考词汇：

军事训练—military training; 国防教育—the education of national defense

There has been a heated discussion about whether we high school students should take the military training in my class.

1. salt           A. all                  B. altogether       C. tall                 D. wallet

2. closet               A. towel               B. combine           C. upon             D. apologize

3. creature    A. create             B. peaceful           C. great              D. theatre

4. industry    A. conclusion      B. tongue           C. anxious        D. wing

5. course      A. cause              B. raise              C. custom         D. tourism

--Which of the two poems do you like better?

--­­­ ________shorter one, of course. I think it’s really ________ most interesting one.

A. A; the               B. The; a             C. The; the              D. A; a

Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ________ off at 18:20.

A. took             B. will take            C. has taken              D. takes

Betty and Louis ____ with each other at first sight and they _____ in love for five years ever since.

A. were in love; was                     B. fell in love; was

C. were in love; have fallen                D. fell in love; have been