Japan Earthquake and答案解析

Japan Earthquake and Tsunami(海啸)：How to Help

For readers interested in contributing to help victims of the earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan and the Pacific region，here is a list of contact information and links for some agencies that plan to provide relief.

THE JAPAN CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE

The Japan Center for International Exchange has set up the Japan NGO Earthquake Relief and Recovery Fund.Half of the money raised will go to support six Japanese NGOs currently at work in the disaster area and half will be retained to support the longer term recovery.

AMERICAN RED CROSS

Red Cross officials say donors can text REDCROSS to 90999 and a $10 donation will automatically be charged to donors’ phone bill，or donations can be made directly on its Web site.

B’NAI B’RITH INTERNATIONAL

To help the victims of the Japan earthquake and tsunami，donate online on the group’s secure Web site.

Or，by mail to：B’nai B’rith International Disaster Relief Fund，Attn：Japan Earthquake,2020 K Street，NW,7th Floor，Washington，D.C.,20006.

Or by phone：800­573­9057

CARE

CARE is one of the world’s largest private international humanitarian organizations.Their offices in Asia are on high alert(警戒) and have ensured that staff are informed of the tsunami warnings and other related developments.(Updated information on CARE’s work in Japan is available here.)

GLOBALGIVING.ORG

GlobalGiving is working with International Medical Corps，Save the Children，and other organizations on the ground to disburse(支付) funds to organizations providing relief and emergency services to victims of the earthquake and tsunami.Donors can text JAPAN to 50555 to give$10，and larger donations can be submitted on GlobalGiving’s Web site.

THE SALVATION ARMY

The Salvation Army has been providing food and shelter to Tokyo commuters(每日往返上班者) who were stranded when public transportation was interrupted by the earthquake.They are to send a team to Sendai，a city about 250 miles away from Tokyo，to assess the situation there.Text JAPAN or QUAKE to 80888 to make a $10 donation.(Make sure to respond “YES” to the thank­you message you receive.) Donations can also be made on the organization’s Web site or by calling 1­800­SAL­ARMY.

1.If you want to make donations to the victims by phone，you can text REDCROSS to ________.

A．90999  B．80888

C．50555  D．20006

2.What do we know about CARE from the text?

A．It opened a Person Finder Page online.

B．It is the world’s largest humanitarian organization.

C．It raised much money to support six Japanese NGOs.

D．It warned its staff in Asia of the danger of tsunami.

3.Which group can provide food and shelter?

A．THE SALVATION ARMY.

B．GLOBALGIVING.ORG.

C．B’NAI B’RITH INTERNATIONAL.

D．AMERICAN RED CROSS.

4.The underlined word “stranded” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “________”．

A．abandoned  B．seperated

C．crashed  D．delayed

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods can often come at the least expected time．Others, such as hurricanes are increasing in severity and destruction．Typically, those poor countries are the worst hit for they have the least resources to deal with the destruction and rebuild their home．This part of the globalissues．org website looks at some of these issues．
Japan Earthquake, Tsunami and Nuclear Crisis
The earthquake off the coast of Japan on March 11, 2011 was one of the biggest recorded, measuring 9 on the Richter scale（里氏震级）．
It was the resulting tsunami, however, that caused the most destruction．It devastated the northeast of Japan, leaving many thousands dead or missing, and -hundreds of thousands homeless or leaving the area．In addition, various power generators（发电机组） failed．Some older nuclear power stations risked meltdown and suffered explosions and radioactive leaks．Workers battled for weeks to try and bring the situation under control．Radioactive material was detected in various places．
It is thought that the cost of the earthquake and tsunami could be over $ 300 billion-the world's most expensive natural disaster on record．
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina was a destroyed category 4（四级） hurricane, the highest category, that hit the Gulf of Mexico and various Southern regions of the United States at the end of August, 2005, causing the worst damage in that country's history, estimated at $ 100 billion．The famous New Orleans city and surrounding areas were worst hit as much of it sits some 6 feet below sea level．City defenses, such as banks, only designed for categary 3 type hurricanes, gave way, leading to enormous flooding and associated damage, death and displacement of around 100, 000 people who either chose to say the course, or could not afford to flee．
【小题1】Where would this passage most probably appear?

A newly-wed couple on a four-month honeymoon were hit by six natural disasters, including the Australian floods, Christchurch earthquake and Japanese tsunami.

Stefan and Erika Svanstrom left Stockholm, Sweden, on December 6 and were immediately stranded in Munich, Germany, due to one of Europe's worst snowstorms. Travelling with their baby daughter, they flew on to Cairns in Australia which was then struck by one of the most tremendous tonadoes in the nation's history. From there, the couple, in their 20s, were forced to shelter for 24 hours on the cement floor of a shopping centre with 2,500 others. "Trees were being knocked over and big branches were scattered across the streets," Mr Svanstrom told Sweden's Express newspaper. "We escaped by the skin of our teeth," said Svanstrom.

They then headed south to Brisbane but the city was experiencing massive flooding, so they crossed the country to Perth where they narrowly escaped raging bush fires. The couple then flew to Christchurch, New Zealand, arriving just after a massive magnitude 6.3 earthquake destroyed the city on February 22. Mrs. Svanstrom said, "When we got there the whole town was a war zone." "We could not visit the city since it was completely blocked off, so instead we travelled around before going to Japan." But days after the Svanstroms arrived, Tokyo was rocked by Japan's largest earthquake since records began. "The trembling was horrible and we saw roof tiles fly off the buildings," Mr. Svantrom said. "It was like the buildings were swaying back and forth."

The family returned to Stockholm on March 29,2011 after a much calmer visit to their last destination China. But Mr. Svanstrom, who also survived the destructive Boxing Day tsunami that hit southeast Asia in 2004, said the marriage was still going strong. He added, "I know marriages have to endure some trials, but I think we have been through most of them." "We've certainly experienced more than our fair share of catastrophes, but the most important thing is that we're together and happy." Mrs. Svantrom added: “ To say we were unlucky with the weather doesn’t really cover it! It’s so absurd that now we can only laugh.”

1.How many countries did the couple visit during their honeymoon?

A．6.               B．5.                C．4.                D．3.

2.What's the right order of the following things according to the passage?

a. The couple headed south to Brisbane.

b. The couple flew to Cairns.

c. The couple flew to Christchurch.

d. The couple were stranded in Munich.

A．a-b-c-d

B．a-c-b-d

C．d-b-c-a

D．d-b-a-c

3.By saying "We escaped by the skin of our teeth.", Mr. Svanstrom meant that _____

A．The tornadoes was tremendous

B．They escaped from the tornadoes easily.

C．They had a narrow escape from the tornadoes

D．There was something wrong with their teeth

4.According to the last two paragraphs, which word can best describe Mr. Svanstrom?

A．ambitious.

B．enthusiastic

C．considerate

D．optimistic

Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September, 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shanxi province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.

We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.

The Earth’s crust(地壳) is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves, they move with it.

Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.

Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities, China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生) of earthquakes in the world.

The passage is mainly about       .

    A. scientists who study earthquakes     B. the way of measuring earthquakes

C. a usual natural disaster             D. what people should do in the earthquake

The earthquake in Shanxi Province       , which in NOT true?

    A. happened in 1556                 B. killed one million people

C. was the only earthquake in China     D. caused a lot of damage

Earthquakes        

    A. don’t cause much damage             B. are not serious

C. most possibly happen in Japan            D. happen all over the world

According to the passage we know that tsunamis        .

    A. can cause earthquakes           

B. are caused by earthquakes

C. only happen on land             

D. are a way of measuring earthquakes

The forces that make Japan one of the world's most earthquake-prone(有…倾向的) countries could become part of its long-term energy solution．
Water from deep below the ground at Japan's tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity．
Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal(地热的) technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation．
"Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy," said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production．
The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 percent of Japan's energy needs, and increased interest in alternative energies, which account for only 8 percent．
Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs．
For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power．
The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories．Another problem is that Japan's potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden．
"We can't even dig 10cm inside national parks．" said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow．
Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, "Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project．We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decrease in the short term．"
The Earth Policy Institute in Washington, US, believed Japan could produce 80,000 megawatts（兆瓦）and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology．
Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 percent market share．In 2010, Fuji Electric built the world's largest geothermal factory in New Zealand．
【小题1】What would be the best title for the text?

The deadly earthquake and tsunami (海啸) that struck Japan on March 11 damaged two nuclear power stations. Officials are now working to prevent dangerous radiation from poisoning the air in the area surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi plant. The Japanese government has ordered people living within 12 and a half miles of the plant to evacuate, and asked those living 12 and a half to 20 miles away to stay indoors.
Nuclear power plants create energy using a chemical reaction that produces large amounts of heat. Reactors(反应堆)in Japan have many long, thin rods, called fuel rods(棒), which must be kept cool.
If the reactor’s fuel rods aren’t cooled, the reaction can burn out of control. That’s what happened at the two Japanese plants after the quake caused a power failure and the cooling systems malfunctioned(发生故障). This overheating could cause radiation to escape and sicken many people.
Japan’s 54 nuclear reactors are built to withstand the many small or moderate earthquakes the country faces each year. But Friday’s earthquake was one of the most severe earthquakes ever recorded.
People exposed to unsafe levels of radiation have a higher than normal risk of getting cancer. The Japanese government has been distributing potassium iodide(碘化钾)pills to people in the surrounding areas to protect those who may have come in contact with radiation from the power plant. The pills flood the body with healthy potassium iodide. The potassium iodide works to crowd out “bad” iodine in the body that may have been poisoned by radiation.
On Tuesday morning, 750 workers left the Fukushima Daiichi plant. However, 50 workers stayed behind to use sweater to cool the fuel rods. These dedicated employees are risking their own lives to save many others.
On Thursday, officials used helicopters, fire trucks, and water cannons to spray water on the reactors to cool the fuel rods. But it’s not clear whether these efforts were successful. Officials are now working on a power line to restore electricity to the plant. They hope this will help restart the plant’s cooling system and stop the fuel rods from leaking radiation.
【小题1】The underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 1 probably means            .

The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake at 5:46 a. rn. on January 17, 1995,Kobe (神户) and its surrounding areas suffered a killer earthquake. Only two other events in this century, the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 and World War II caused more deaths in Japan than this earthquake. The epicenter was at the northern tip of Awaji Island. The quake registered 7.2 on the Richter scale (里氏震级). The greatest amount of damage was seen in the Japanese port city of Kobe, and at final count 6 348 people had lost their lives.
The people of the area were quite unprepared for such a big earthquake. Experts had said that most modern buildings would be quite safe even from an earthquake as strong as the Great Kanto Earthquake. This was clearly not true. Television cameras showed the many buildings that had fallen down. The highway that ran through the city had fallen over on its side looking as if it had been pushed over by a giant.
Thousands of people were homeless, However, some of the finest human qualities were seen in the time of crises (moment of great danger). People formed long lines for water and other supplies. They shared what they had with one another. People from young to old stopped to talk to each other and give a few encouraging words. The people living in the area knew that their old life had been destroyed. They believe they can rebuild their life, and a better one,
64. Only two other events caused more deaths in Japan. They are _____.
A. the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the Second World War
B. the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 and World War II
C. the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 and the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake of 1995
D. the First World War and the Second World War
65. Which of the following is true?
A. The Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake was the greatest in the world history. 
B. The earthquake broke out in summer.
C. The center of the earthquake was in the northern end of the port city.
D. More than six thousand people lost their lives in the earthquake.
66. The passage seems to suggest that _____.
A. a giant was able to start an earthquake
B. modem buildings were strong enough to be safe from any earthquake
C. less people would have died if they had been prepared for it
D. experts always tell lies

The forces that make Japan one of the world's most earthquake-prone（有地震倾向的） countries could become part of its long-term energy solution．
Water from deep below the ground at Japan's tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity．
Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal（地热的） technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation．
"Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy," said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production．
The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 percent of Japan's energy needs, and increased interest in alternative energies, which account for only 8 percent．
Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs．
For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power．
The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories．Another problem is that Japan's potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden．
"We can't even dig 10cm inside national parks．" said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow．
Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, "Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project．We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term．"
The Earth Policy Institute in Washington, US, believed Japan could produce 80,000 megawatts（兆瓦）and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology．
Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 percent market share．In 2010, Fuji Electric built the world's largest geothermal factory in New Zealand．
【小题1】What would be the best title for the text?

完成句子（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。

1．Learning strategies, to                                       (老师们重视的), have not yet drawn enough attention of students. (attach)

2．Not only_______________________________ (我们表示出同情) after the alarming earthquake and tsunami in Japan, but we also offered to assist the country. (sympathy)

3．He _____________________________（假装已睡着了）when his mother called him. (pretend)

4．It was strongly suggested that the injured passenger ______________ (动手术) as soon as possible. (operate)

5．Oh, the Geli times is coming! _________________ (据报道), Geli, a new Chinglish word, has been shown in the New York Times as well as People’s Daily. (report)

6．                         (一个人留在家里), Mary felt lonely and frightened, so she turned on the TV. (leave)

7．I _________________ (偶然发现) this book in an old bookstore near the Palace Museum. (come)

8．__________________________ (你注意到) it is getting windy outside? (aware)

9．— What do you think of Mrs. Smith?

— She is_______________________ (一位善良的女士) as you could ever meet. (kind)

10．Hearing the terrible news, his parents hurried home ___________________ (结果发现他坐着) in the garden. (only)

Thousands of people have been killed in a massive(大规模的) earthquake in Japan. The quake -- the most powerful to hit Japan in more than 100 years -- caused massive damage and many people are missing and feared dead.
The 8.9 magnitude quake struck Friday(March 11) off Japan's eastern coast, and prompted(引发) tsunami warnings（海啸警报）across the Pacific as far away as South America and the U.S. West Coast. Several days after a 8.9-magnitude earthquake and resulting 10-meter-high tsunami devastated the coastline. The United States Geological Survey says it was the fifth largest earthquake since 1900. The largest, with a 9.5 magnitude, shook Chile(智利) in 1960.
　　In Japan, the tsunami swept away boats, cars and hundreds of houses in coastal areas north of Tokyo. The quake shook buildings in the Japanese capital and caused several fires. All train and subway traffic in Tokyo has been stopped, and thousands of people there were unable to get back home. People are just trying to find clean water. Food supplies are running out. In the convenience stores, there are no rice balls left. There is no bottled water left. People are facing a really serious situation in the days ahead for these people that are living in areas that were only moderately（普通的） damaged. The final death toll could range from the thousands to tens of thousands, depending on how many of these communities are gone.
Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan said the government would do everything it can to minimize（使降到最低） the effects of the disaster. And in Washington, President Obama said the United States is ready to help the people of Japan.
【小题1】The underline word damage means_____________ in the article.

The deadly earthquake and tsunami (海啸) that struck Japan on March 11 damaged two nuclear power stations. Officials are now working to prevent dangerous radiation from poisoning the air in the area surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi plant. The Japanese government has ordered people living within 12 and a half miles of the plant to evacuate, and asked those living 12 and a half to 20 miles away to stay indoors.

Nuclear power plants create energy using a chemical reaction that produces large amounts of heat. Reactors(反应堆)in Japan have many long, thin rods, called fuel rods(棒), which must be kept cool.

If the reactor’s fuel rods aren’t cooled, the reaction can burn out of control. That’s what happened at the two Japanese plants after the quake caused a power failure and the cooling systems malfunctioned(发生故障). This overheating could cause radiation to escape and sicken many people.

Japan’s 54 nuclear reactors are built to withstand the many small or moderate earthquakes the country faces each year. But Friday’s earthquake was one of the most severe earthquakes ever recorded.

People exposed to unsafe levels of radiation have a higher than normal risk of getting cancer. The Japanese government has been distributing potassium iodide(碘化钾)pills to people in the surrounding areas to protect those who may have come in contact with radiation from the power plant. The pills flood the body with healthy potassium iodide. The potassium iodide works to crowd out “bad” iodine in the body that may have been poisoned by radiation.

On Tuesday morning, 750 workers left the Fukushima Daiichi plant. However, 50 workers stayed behind to use sweater to cool the fuel rods. These dedicated employees are risking their own lives to save many others.

On Thursday, officials used helicopters, fire trucks, and water cannons to spray water on the reactors to cool the fuel rods. But it’s not clear whether these efforts were successful. Officials are now working on a power line to restore electricity to the plant. They hope this will help restart the plant’s cooling system and stop the fuel rods from leaking radiation.

1.The underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 1 probably means            .

2.What can we learn from the text?

3.In the last paragraph, the author mainly states            .

4.This text is most probably taken from            .

The forces that make Japan one of the world's most earthquake-prone（有地震倾向的） countries could become part of its long-term energy solution．

Water from deep below the ground at Japan's tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity．

Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal（地热的） technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation．

"Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy," said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production．

The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 percent of Japan's energy needs, and increased interest in alternative energies, which account for only 8 percent．

Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs．

For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power．

The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories．Another problem is that Japan's potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden．

"We can't even dig 10cm inside national parks．" said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow．

Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, "Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project．We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term．"

The Earth Policy Institute in Washington, US, believed Japan could produce 80,000 megawatts（兆瓦）and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology．

Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 percent market share．In 2010, Fuji Electric built the world's largest geothermal factory in New Zealand．

1.What would be the best title for the text?

A．Alternative energies in Japan

B．World's largest geothermal plant

C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology

D．Japan thinks of geothermal energy

2.What percentage of Japan's energy needs is geothermal energy?

A．About 8%．       B．Below 1%．        C．Around 30%．     D．Over 80%．

3.According to Shigeto Yamada, the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs ____．

A．a change of rules                       B．financial support

C．local people's help                      D．high technology

4.Geothermal energy is considered as a long-term program by _____．

A．Yoshiyasu Takefuji                       B．Hideaki Matsui

C．Shigeto Yamada                         D．Yoko Ono

5.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that _____．

A．the world's biggest geothermal plant was built by America

B．Japan will not export its geothermal technology

C．the potential of Japan's geothermal energy is great

D．it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Stefan and Erika Svanstrom on a four-month honeymoon were hit by several natural disasters, including the Australian floods, Christchurch earthquake and Japanese tsunami.

The    36    couple left Sweden on December 6 and were    37    caught in Munich, Germany, due to one of Europe’s worst snowstorms.

Later, they flew on to Australia which then    38    with one of the most terrible hurricanes in the nation’s history. From there, the couple,    39   , were forced to    40    for 24 hours on the floor of a shopping centre with 2500 others.

“Trees were being    41    and big branches were scattered across the streets,” Stefan told Sweden’s Expressen newspaper. “We    42    escaped”

The couple then flew to Christchurch, New Zealand.    43    their arriving, a massive earthquake    44    magnitude 6.3 hit the city on February 22.

Erika said “We could not visit the city since it was completely in    45   , so instead we travelled around before going to Japan.” But days after the Svanstroms arrived, Tokyo was    46    by Japan’s largest earthquake    47    records began. “The trembling was horrible and we saw roof debris (碎片) fly off the buildings,” Mr. Svantrom said. “   48    seemed the buildings were swaying    49   .”

The family returned to Sweden on March 29 after a(n)    50    calmer visit to their last destination China.

But Mr. Svanstrom, who also survived the very tsunami    51    hit Southeast Asia in 2004, said “I know marriages have to experience some    52   , but I think we have    53    most of them.” ,   54    that the marriage had become strong.

“We’ve certainly experienced    55    our fair share of catastrophes, but the most important thing is that we’re together and happy.” said the couple.

1. A. new-married       B. newly-marry      C. newly-married            D. new-marry

2. A. finally           B. eventually           C. gradually                D. immediately

3. A. met           B. faced                C. hit                  D. come

4.A. in vain            B. in panic         C. in sorrow                D. in depression

5.A. hide           B. stay             C. remain                   D. shelter

6. A. taken over        B. turned over          C. got over             D. knocked over

7. A. nearly            B. narrowly         C. almost                   D. easily

8.A. At             B. With             C. On                   D. For

9. A. measuring     B. is measured          C. measures             D. measured

10. A. mess         B. order                C. chaos                    D. control

11. A. effected         B. destroyed            C. shaken                   D. suffered

12. A. when         B. while                C. as                   D. since

13. A. It               B. There                C. That                 D. What

14. A. in and out       B. here and there       C. backwards and forwards   D. back and forth

15.A. pretty            B. fairly               C. much                 D. even

16. A. which            B. as               C. that                 D. what

17.A. trials            B. tricks               C. trips                    D. triangles

18. A. looked through   B. put through          C. come through         D. got through

19. A. added            B. adding               C. added to             D .adding to

20. A. rather than      B. other than           C. more than                D. less than

Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world’s most modern cities. Twice last century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt. In 1923 a major earthquake struck the city. Thousands of people were killed and millions were left homeless as buildings collapsed and fires broke out throughout Tokyo. It took seven years to rebuild the city. During World War II, Tokyo was destroyed once again. As a result of these disasters, there is nothing of old Tokyo remaining in the downtown area.
After the war, the people of Tokyo began to rebuild their city. Buildings went up at a fantastic rate, and between1945 and 1960, the city’s population more than doubled. Because of the Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 1964, many new stadiums, parks and hotels were built to treat visitors from all over the world. As a result of this rapid development, however, many problems have risen. Housing shortage, pollution, and waste disposal(处理) have presented serious challenges to the city, but the government has begun several programs to answer them.
【小题1】What kind of city is Tokyo?
A historic city.          　 B. A world famous seaport.
C. A highly modernized city.   D. A most attractive (有吸引力的) city for tourists.
【小题2】What major(主要的) event(s) happened in Tokyo last century?

阅读下列句子，使用适当的短语或词组将句子补全, 将每一题的答案写在答题卷相应的横线上。
【小题1】这个城市的大多数人都是在汽车厂工作来谋生的。
Most people in this city ______ their ______ by working in the car factory.
【小题2】 黄花岗公园矗立着一块墓碑，用来纪念那些在起义中献身的英雄。
There is a monument in Huang Hua Gang Park _______ _______ of those heroes who gave their lives in the uprising.
【小题3】 日本的福岛第一核电站被发生在 2011年3月11日的9.0级地震和海啸严重摧毁了。
The Fukushima I NPP, was seriously damaged by the 9.0 earthquake and the tsunami （海啸）which _______ _______ in Japan on 11 March 2011.
【小题4】 他因家世贫寒而被人看不起。
He was ______ down ______ because of his humble background.
【小题5】上个月去伦敦的路上我看见了英国最大的掠食鸟类——白尾鹫。
On my way to London last month I ______ ______ of Britain’s largest bird of prey, the white-tailed sea eagle.

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Stefan and Erika Svanstrom on a four-month honeymoon were hit by several natural disasters, including the Australian floods, Christchurch earthquake and Japanese tsunami.
The    36   couple left Sweden on December 6 and were    37   caught in Munich, Germany, due to one of Europe’s worst snowstorms.
Later, they flew on to Australia which then    38   with one of the most terrible hurricanes in the nation’s history. From there, the couple,    39  , were forced to    40   for 24 hours on the floor of a shopping centre with 2500 others.
“Trees were being    41   and big branches were scattered across the streets,” Stefan told Sweden’s Expressen newspaper. “We    42   escaped”
The couple then flew to Christchurch, New Zealand.    43   their arriving, a massive earthquake    44   magnitude 6.3 hit the city on February 22.
Erika said “We could not visit the city since it was completely in    45  , so instead we travelled around before going to Japan.” But days after the Svanstroms arrived, Tokyo was    46   by Japan’s largest earthquake    47   records began. “The trembling was horrible and we saw roof debris (碎片) fly off the buildings,” Mr. Svantrom said. “   48   seemed the buildings were swaying    49  .”
The family returned to Sweden on March 29 after a(n)    50   calmer visit to their last destination China.
But Mr. Svanstrom, who also survived the very tsunami    51   hit Southeast Asia in 2004, said “I know marriages have to experience some    52  , but I think we have    53   most of them.” ,   54   that the marriage had become strong.
“We’ve certainly experienced    55   our fair share of catastrophes, but the most important thing is that we’re together and happy.” said the couple.

Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In Sept.1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shanxi Province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.
We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter scale. The Richter scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.
The earth’s crust (地壳) is made up of layers of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the earth moves, they move with it.
Earthquakes can also break up gas or oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.
Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis (海啸). These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities.
China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence (发生) of earthquakes in the world.

用下列方框中所给动词(组)的适当形式填空: (每小题1分，共7分)

1.  The governor demanded that all the homeless children __________________ by psychologists after the earthquake.

2.  My camera can ________________________to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions. 

3.  —Who is the man talking to Mr. Smith, the host of Shanghai TV?

— A local journalist ______________________ the earthquake and Tsunami in Japan.

4.  —I told you to bring a dictionary with you before school was over.

—I am sorry, but this morning I was in such a hurry that I forgot _____________________ that.   

5.  The year 2010 __________________increasing unemployment in that country as a result of global economic crisis.

6.  Many people were said to _____________to the hills to escape the fighting between different political parties.

7.  This passage is too long. In my opinion, these four sentences require _______________.

任务型阅读（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意：每空一词。

It is an all too familiar story. A natural disaster strikes in a remote part of the world, causing destruction and suffering. Villages are flattened and people are forced into camps. It is now happening in China, after the earthquake of magnitude（里氏）8 that was centered on Wenchuan but shook the entire country.

Actually, in the past centuries, there were hundreds of thousands of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In Sept. 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shanxi Province in 1556. It claimed almost one million people.

We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter scale. The Richter scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.

The earth’s crust (地壳) is made up of layers of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the earth moves, they move with it.

Earthquakes can also break up gas or oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.

Another effect of the earthquakes is tsunamis (海啸). These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to costal towns and cities.

China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence of earthquakes in the world.