Nowadays, there’s a lot of debate about single sex education since it has begun to regain its popularity recently. According to long term studies of children from around the world, students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools.
An Australian study of 270,000 students found that both boys and girls performed much higher on standardized(标准化) tests when they attended separate schools. During an experiment in Virginia in 1995, 100 eighth graders were separated just for math and science courses. Almost immediately, the girls began to achieve more, become more confident and take part more often in class activities.
In 2001, a British study concluded that nearly every girl regardless of (不论) her ability or socio-economic status performed better in single sex classrooms than co-ed ones. The study of 2,954 high schools and 979 primary schools showed that while boys at the lowest levels in study improved the most in single sex schools, single sex education was particularly beneficial (有益的) to girls. Every one of the top 50 private elementary schools and top 20 private high schools in Britain are single sex schools.
Girls became more confident in themselves as students and earned higher scores on their College Board and Advanced Placement examinations. A quarter of the female members of the US Congress and one-third of all female members of Fortune 100 boards graduated from all-women’s colleges.
While the statistics are not as dramatic for boys, however, boys tend to soften their competitive edge and become more cooperative in a single sex setting. They can just be boys and not worry about what the girls might think.
Single sex education has a pleasant way of encouraging children to be fearless, to be curious, to be enthusiastic --- in short, to just be themselves. Children are subjected (屈从于) to pressures from every quarter to become adults before they are ready to do so. They grow up too quickly. Why not let them be children for a few more years? Single sex education with its gentler, more controlled social atmosphere is just the right answer for many children.
【小题1】With the experiment in Virginia in 1995, the writer wants to show that       .

Nowadays, there’s a lot of debate about single sex education since it has begun to regain its popularity recently. According to long term studies of children from around the world, students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools.

An Australian study of 270,000 students found that both boys and girls performed much higher on standardized(标准化) tests when they attended separate schools. During an experiment in Virginia in 1995, 100 eighth graders were separated just for math and science courses. Almost immediately, the girls began to achieve more, become more confident and take part more often in class activities.

In 2001, a British study concluded that nearly every girl regardless of (不论) her ability or socio-economic status performed better in single sex classrooms than co-ed ones. The study of 2,954 high schools and 979 primary schools showed that while boys at the lowest levels in study improved the most in single sex schools, single sex education was particularly beneficial (有益的) to girls. Every one of the top 50 private elementary schools and top 20 private high schools in Britain are single sex schools.

Girls became more confident in themselves as students and earned higher scores on their College Board and Advanced Placement examinations. A quarter of the female members of the US Congress and one-third of all female members of Fortune 100 boards graduated from all-women’s colleges.

While the statistics are not as dramatic for boys, however, boys tend to soften their competitive edge and become more cooperative in a single sex setting. They can just be boys and not worry about what the girls might think.

Single sex education has a pleasant way of encouraging children to be fearless, to be curious, to be enthusiastic --- in short, to just be themselves. Children are subjected (屈从于) to pressures from every quarter to become adults before they are ready to do so. They grow up too quickly. Why not let them be children for a few more years? Single sex education with its gentler, more controlled social atmosphere is just the right answer for many children.

1.With the experiment in Virginia in 1995, the writer wants to show that       .

A．single sex education has become popular in recent years

B．the effect of single sex education on girls is immediate

C．students at separate schools are better prepared for standardized tests

D．both boy and girl students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools

2.According to the article, which of the following statements about single sex education is TRUE?

A．Girls’ performances in single sex classrooms are determined by their ability and socioeconomic status.

B．In all-boys schools boys with the worst academic performances improved the most.

C．Single sex education was particularly helpful for boys.

D．There are more single sex schools than co-ed schools in Britain.

3. In the article, the underlined phrase “soften their competitive edge” probably means        .

A．act in a kindly manner                    B．become less competitive

C．lose interest in something                 D．take advantage of something

4. What is the main point of the article?

A．Ways to reduce pressure and help children grow.

B．The reason why girls perform better than boys at school.

C．The advantage of single sex education.

D．The development of single sex education in different countries.

Nowadays, there’s a lot of debate about single sex education since it has begun to regain its popularity recently. According to long term studies of children from around the world, students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools.
An Australian study of 270,000 students found that both boys and girls performed much higher on standardized(标准化) tests when they attended separate schools. During an experiment in Virginia in 1995, 100 eighth graders were separated just for math and science courses. Almost immediately, the girls began to achieve more, become more confident and take part more often in class activities.
In 2001, a British study concluded that nearly every girl regardless of (不论) her ability or socio-economic status performed better in single sex classrooms than co-ed ones. The study of 2,954 high schools and 979 primary schools showed that while boys at the lowest levels in study improved the most in single sex schools, single sex education was particularly beneficial (有益的) to girls. Every one of the top 50 private elementary schools and top 20 private high schools in Britain are single sex schools.
Girls became more confident in themselves as students and earned higher scores on their College Board and Advanced Placement examinations. A quarter of the female members of the US Congress and one-third of all female members of Fortune 100 boards graduated from all-women’s colleges.
While the statistics are not as dramatic for boys, however, boys tend to soften their competitive edge and become more cooperative in a single sex setting. They can just be boys and not worry about what the girls might think.
Single sex education has a pleasant way of encouraging children to be fearless, to be curious, to be enthusiastic --- in short, to just be themselves. Children are subjected (屈从于) to pressures from every quarter to become adults before they are ready to do so. They grow up too quickly. Why not let them be children for a few more years? Single sex education with its gentler, more controlled social atmosphere is just the right answer for many children.

1. 1.

      With the experiment in Virginia in 1995, the writer wants to show that        .

   1. A.
      single sex education has become popular in recent years
   2. B.
      the effect of single sex education on girls is immediate
   3. C.
      students at separate schools are better prepared for standardized tests
   4. D.
      both boy and girl students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools
2. 2.

   According to the article, which of the following statements about single sex education is TRUE?

   1. A.
      Girls’ performances in single sex classrooms are determined by their ability and socioeconomic status.
   2. B.
      In all-boys schools boys with the worst academic performances improved the most.
   3. C.
      Single sex education was particularly helpful for boys.
   4. D.
      There are more single sex schools than co-ed schools in Britain.
3. 3.

     In the article, the underlined phrase “soften their competitive edge” probably means        .

   1. A.
      act in a kindly manner
   2. B.
      become less competitive
   3. C.
      lose interest in something
   4. D.
      take advantage of something
4. 4.

     What is the main point of the article?

   1. A.
      Ways to reduce pressure and help children grow.
   2. B.
      The reason why girls perform better than boys at school.
   3. C.
      The advantage of single sex education.
   4. D.
      The development of single sex education in different countries.

Being a mother is apparently not like it was in the good old days.
　　Today’s parents yearn for the golden age that their own mothers enjoyed in the 1970s and 1980s, researchers found. Mothers have less time to themselves and feel under greater pressure to handle work and family life than the previous generation. As a result, 88 per cent said they felt guilty about the lack of time they spent with their children.
The survey of 1,000 mothers also found that more than a third said they had less time to themselves than their mothers did – just three hours a week or 26 minutes a day. And 64 per cent said this was because they felt they ‘had’ to go out to work, while nearly a third (29 per cent) said they were under constant pressure to be the ‘perfect mother’, the report found.
Other findings showed social networking and parenting websites, as well as technology such as Skype, were important in providing help and support among female communities. Kate Fox, a member of the Social Issues Research Centre, which conducted the survey for Procter & Gamble, said: ‘With increasing pressure on mothers to work a “double shift”— to be the perfect mother as well as a wage-earner — support networks are more important than ever.
It comes as a separate report examining childcare in the leading industrialised nations found that working mothers in Britain spend just 81 minutes a day caring for their children as a ‘primary activity’. Mothers who stay at home, on the other hand, manage twice as much time – more than two and a half hours – looking after their offspring, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
　　Critics say the pressure on women to work long hours, and leave their offspring in the hands of nurseries or childminders, is putting the well-being of their children at risk.
　　The study also reveals that, despite the fact that more and more modern mothers go out to work, the burden of childcare still falls on them - even if their husband is not in work. A father who is not in work tends to spend just 63 minutes a day looking after his child - 18 minutes less than a mother who goes out to work. Working fathers spare less than three quarters of an hour with their children.
【小题1】What does the underlined phrase “yearn for” probably means ___________.

A．Skype is a very famous expert in studying social issues

B．working mothers can seek help on line

C．working mothers’ double shift is to be a wife and a mother

D．Kate Fox has opened a website offering help to working mothers

A．it is wise for working mothers to put their kids in nurseries or childminders

B．children do not like nurseries or childminders at all

C．nurseries or childminders are dangerous places for children

D．too much time in nurseries or childminders is bad for kids’ mental and physical health

Being a mother is apparently not like it was in the good old days.
　　Today’s parents yearn for the golden age that their own mothers enjoyed in the 1970s and 1980s, researchers found. Mothers have less time to themselves and feel under greater pressure to handle work and family life than the previous generation. As a result, 88 per cent said they felt guilty about the lack of time they spent with their children.
The survey of 1,000 mothers also found that more than a third said they had less time to themselves than their mothers did – just three hours a week or 26 minutes a day. And 64 per cent said this was because they felt they ‘had’ to go out to work, while nearly a third (29 per cent) said they were under constant pressure to be the ‘perfect mother’, the report found.
Other findings showed social networking and parenting websites, as well as technology such as Skype, were important in providing help and support among female communities. Kate Fox, a member of the Social Issues Research Centre, which conducted the survey for Procter & Gamble, said: ‘With increasing pressure on mothers to work a “double shift” — to be the perfect mother as well as a wage-earner — support networks are more important than ever.
It comes as a separate report examining childcare in the leading industrialised nations found that working mothers in Britain spend just 81 minutes a day caring for their children as a ‘primary activity’. Mothers who stay at home, on the other hand, manage twice as much time – more than two and a half hours – looking after their offspring, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
　　Critics say the pressure on women to work long hours, and leave their offspring in the hands of nurseries or childminders, is putting the well-being of their children at risk.
　　The study also reveals that, despite the fact that more and more modern mothers go out to work, the burden of childcare still falls on them - even if their husband is not in work. A father who is not in work tends to spend just 63 minutes a day looking after his child - 18 minutes less than a mother who goes out to work. Working fathers spare less than three quarters of an hour with their children.
【小题1】. What does the passage mainly talk about?

Being a mother is apparently not like it was in the good old days.

　　Today’s parents yearn for the golden age that their own mothers enjoyed in the 1970s and 1980s, researchers found. Mothers have less time to themselves and feel under greater pressure to handle work and family life than the previous generation. As a result, 88 per cent said they felt guilty about the lack of time they spent with their children.

The survey of 1,000 mothers also found that more than a third said they had less time to themselves than their mothers did – just three hours a week or 26 minutes a day. And 64 per cent said this was because they felt they ‘had’ to go out to work, while nearly a third (29 per cent) said they were under constant pressure to be the ‘perfect mother’, the report found.

Other findings showed social networking and parenting websites, as well as technology such as Skype, were important in providing help and support among female communities. Kate Fox, a member of the Social Issues Research Centre, which conducted the survey for Procter & Gamble, said: ‘With increasing pressure on mothers to work a “double shift” — to be the perfect mother as well as a wage-earner — support networks are more important than ever.

It comes as a separate report examining childcare in the leading industrialised nations found that working mothers in Britain spend just 81 minutes a day caring for their children as a ‘primary activity’. Mothers who stay at home, on the other hand, manage twice as much time – more than two and a half hours – looking after their offspring, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

　　Critics say the pressure on women to work long hours, and leave their offspring in the hands of nurseries or childminders, is putting the well-being of their children at risk.

　　The study also reveals that, despite the fact that more and more modern mothers go out to work, the burden of childcare still falls on them - even if their husband is not in work. A father who is not in work tends to spend just 63 minutes a day looking after his child - 18 minutes less than a mother who goes out to work. Working fathers spare less than three quarters of an hour with their children.

1.. What does the passage mainly talk about?

   A. The good old days of mothers in the 1970s and 1980s.

   B. The great sufferings of today’s children.

   C. The statistics of working mothers and full-time mothers.

   D. The big problems that today’s working mothers face.

2.. What does the underlined phrase “yearn for” probably means ___________.

A. hate            B. miss           C. abandon         D. control

3. Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Today’s mothers have less time left for their children and themselves.

B. The working mothers can hardly strike the balance between work and family.

C. Most of the mothers can not control their husbands nowadays.

D. Modern fathers do not spend enough time with their children.

4. From para. 4, we can infer that ___________.

   A. working mothers can seek help on line

   B. Skype is a very famous expert in studying social issues

   C. working mothers’ double shift is to be a wife and a mother

   D. Kate Fox has opened a website offering help to working mothers

5.. What critics say means that _____________.

   A. it is wise for working mothers to put their kids in nurseries or childminders

   B. too much time in nurseries or childminders is bad for kids’ mental and physical health

   C. nurseries or childminders are dangerous places for children

   D. children do not like nurseries or childminders at all

Being a mother is apparently not like it was in the good old days.

　　Today’s parents yearn for the golden age that their own mothers enjoyed in the 1970s and 1980s, researchers found. Mothers have less time to themselves and feel under greater pressure to handle work and family life than the previous generation. As a result, 88 per cent said they felt guilty about the lack of time they spent with their children.

The survey of 1,000 mothers also found that more than a third said they had less time to themselves than their mothers did – just three hours a week or 26 minutes a day. And 64 per cent said this was because they felt they ‘had’ to go out to work, while nearly a third (29 per cent) said they were under constant pressure to be the ‘perfect mother’, the report found.

Other findings showed social networking and parenting websites, as well as technology such as Skype, were important in providing help and support among female communities. Kate Fox, a member of the Social Issues Research Centre, which conducted the survey for Procter & Gamble, said: ‘With increasing pressure on mothers to work a “double shift” — to be the perfect mother as well as a wage-earner — support networks are more important than ever.

It comes as a separate report examining childcare in the leading industrialised nations found that working mothers in Britain spend just 81 minutes a day caring for their children as a ‘primary activity’. Mothers who stay at home, on the other hand, manage twice as much time – more than two and a half hours – looking after their offspring, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

　　Critics say the pressure on women to work long hours, and leave their offspring in the hands of nurseries or childminders, is putting the well-being of their children at risk.

　　The study also reveals that, despite the fact that more and more modern mothers go out to work, the burden of childcare still falls on them - even if their husband is not in work. A father who is not in work tends to spend just 63 minutes a day looking after his child - 18 minutes less than a mother who goes out to work. Working fathers spare less than three quarters of an hour with their children.

1.What does the underlined phrase “yearn for” probably means ___________.

A. hate            B. forget          C. miss        D. control

2.Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Today’s mothers have less time left for their children and themselves.

B. The working mothers can hardly strike the balance between work and family.

C. Most of the mothers can not control their husbands nowadays.

D. Modern fathers do not spend enough time with their children.

3.From Para. 4, we can infer that ___________.

   A. Skype is a very famous expert in studying social issues

   B. working mothers can seek help on line

   C. working mothers’ double shift is to be a wife and a mother

   D. Kate Fox has opened a website offering help to working mothers

4. What critics say means that _____________.

   A. it is wise for working mothers to put their kids in nurseries or childminders

   B. children do not like nurseries or childminders at all

   C. nurseries or childminders are dangerous places for children

   D. too much time in nurseries or childminders is bad for kids’ mental and physical health

Being a mother is obviously not like it was in the good old days.

Today’s parents miss the golden age that their own mothers enjoyed in the 1970s and 1980s, researchers found. Mothers have less time to themselves and feel under greater pressure to handle work and family life than the previous generation. As a result, 88 per cent said they felt guilty about the lack of time they spent with their children.

The survey of 1,000 mothers also found that more than a third said they had less time to themselves than their mothers did – just three hours a week or 26 minutes a day. And 64 per cent said this was because they felt they ‘had’ to go out to work, while nearly a third (29 per cent) said they were under constant pressure to be the ‘perfect mother’, the report found.

Other findings showed social networking and parenting websites, as well as technology such as Skype, were important in providing help and support among female communities. Kate Fox, a member of the Social Issues Research Centre, which conducted the survey for Procter & Gamble, said: ‘With increasing pressure on mothers to work a “double shift” — to be the perfect mother as well as a wage-earner — support networks are more important than ever.’

It comes as a separate report examining childcare in the leading industrialised nations found that working mothers in Britain spend just 81 minutes a day caring for their children as a ‘primary activity’. Mothers who stay at home, on the other hand, manage twice as much time – more than two and a half hours – looking after their offspring (子女), according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Critics say the pressure on women to work long hours, and leave their offspring in the hands of nurseries or childminders, is putting the well-being of their children at risk.

The study also reveals that, despite the fact that more and more modern mothers go out to work, the burden of childcare still falls on them - even if their husband is not in work. A father who is not in work tends to spend just 63 minutes a day looking after his child - 18 minutes less than a mother who goes out to work. Working fathers spare less than three quarters of an hour with their children.

1. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　 A. The good old days of mothers in the 1970s and 1980s.

　 B. The great sufferings of today’s children.

　 C. The statistics of working mothers and full-time mothers.

　 D. The big problems that today’s working mothers face.

2. Which of the following problems is not mentioned in the passage?

A. Today’s mothers have less time left for their children and themselves.

B. The working mothers can hardly strike the balance between work and family.

C. Most of the mothers can not control their husbands nowadays.

D. Modern fathers do not spend enough time with their children.

3. From para. 4, we can infer that ___________.

　 A. Working mothers can seek help on line

　 B. Skype is a very famous expert in studying social issues

　 C. Working mothers’ double shift is to be a wife and a mother

　 D. Kate Fox has opened a website offering help to working mothers

4. What critics say means that _____________.

　 A. it is wise for working mothers to put their kids in nurseries or childminders

　 B. too much time in nurseries or childminders is bad for kids’ mental and physical health

　 C. nurseries or childminders are dangerous places for children

　 D. children do not like nurseries or childminders at all

The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it is used to be. The _36__ family in colonial North America was mainly concerned with survival and 37 that, its own economic prosperity, Thus, children were __38__ in terms of their productivity, and they played the role of producer quite early, Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of the subordination(附属).

   With the __39__ of the society, the position of the children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex and technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in contact with many other members. __40__ , viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are __41__ more as people in their own right than as those of the family is reflected in various laws __42__ the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.

  This new __43__ of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also __44_ an increasing interest in child-raising techniques. People today spend much time seeking the proper way to __45__ children.

  Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a two-way transaction(事务) between parents and child __46___ a one-way, parent-to-child training program. As a consequence, socializing child and __47__ with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems

A. poor           B. ordinary      C. happy          D. wealthy

A. except          B. for          C. beyond         D. through

A. supported       B. received      C. encouraged     D. valued

A. movement      B. achievement   C. development    D. requirement

A. Besides        B. However      C. Instead         D. Therefore

A. admired        B. regarded      C. made          D. respected

A. enjoying       B. preventing     C. considering     D. protecting

A. view          B. faith          C. world          D. study

A. led in          B. brought in     C. resulted in      D. taken in

A. nurse         B. praise         C. understand     D. raise

A. more than     B. rather than      C. better than     D. less than 

A. talking       B. living          C. playing        D. discussing

The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it is used to be. The _36__ family in colonial North America was mainly concerned with survival and 37 that, its own economic prosperity, Thus, children were __38__ in terms of their productivity, and they played the role of producer quite early, Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of the subordination(附属).

   With the __39__ of the society, the position of the children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex and technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in contact with many other members. __40__ , viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are __41__ more as people in their own right than as those of the family is reflected in various laws __42__ the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.

  This new __43__ of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also __44_ an increasing interest in child-raising techniques. People today spend much time seeking the proper way to __45__ children.

  Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a two-way transaction(事务) between parents and child __46___ a one-way, parent-to-child training program. As a consequence, socializing child and __47__ with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems

1.A. poor           B. ordinary      C. happy          D. wealthy

2.A. except          B. for          C. beyond         D. through

3.A. supported       B. received      C. encouraged     D. valued

4.A. movement      B. achievement   C. development    D. requirement

5.A. Besides        B. However      C. Instead         D. Therefore

6.A. admired        B. regarded      C. made          D. respected

7.A. enjoying       B. preventing     C. considering     D. protecting

8.A. view          B. faith          C. world          D. study

9.A. led in          B. brought in     C. resulted in      D. taken in

10.A. nurse         B. praise         C. understand     D. raise

11.A. more than     B. rather than      C. better than     D. less than 

12.A. talking       B. living          C. playing        D. discussing

The position of children in American family and society is no longer what is used to be. The 1 family in colonial(殖民时期的) North America was mainly concerned with survival and2that, its own economic prosperity. Thus, children were 3in terms of their productivity(生产能力), and they played the role of producer quite early.4they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of subordination(附属).
With the 5 of the society, the position of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex and technological society 6the United States has become, each 7 must fulfill a number of personal and occupational8 and be in contact with many other member. 9, viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are 10 more as people in their own right than as those of subordination. This acceptance of children as11 participants in the family is reflected in various laws 12 the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.
This new 13of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also 14an increasing interest in child-raising techniques. People today spend much time15 the proper way to 16 children.
Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a 17transaction(事务) between parent and child18a one-way, parent-to-child training19 . As a consequence, socializing children and20with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      poor
   2. B.
      ordinary
   3. C.
      happy
   4. D.
      wealthy
2. 2.
   1. A.
      except
   2. B.
      for
   3. C.
      beyond
   4. D.
      through
3. 3.
   1. A.
      supported
   2. B.
      received
   3. C.
      encouraged
   4. D.
      valued
4. 4.
   1. A.
      Until
   2. B.
      After
   3. C.
      Although
   4. D.
      When
5. 5.
   1. A.
      movement
   2. B.
      achievement
   3. C.
      development
   4. D.
      requirement
6. 6.
   1. A.
      that
   2. B.
      where
   3. C.
      when
   4. D.
      what
7. 7.
   1. A.
      parent
   2. B.
      member
   3. C.
      family
   4. D.
      relative
8. 8.
   1. A.
      purposes
   2. B.
      promises
   3. C.
      roles
   4. D.
      tasks
9. 9.
   1. A.
      Besides
   2. B.
      However
   3. C.
      Instead
   4. D.
      Therefore
10. 10.
    1. A.
       admired
    2. B.
       regarded
    3. C.
       made
    4. D.
       respected
11. 11.
    1. A.
       willing
    2. B.
       equal
    3. C.
       similar
    4. D.
       common
12. 12.
    1. A.
       enjoying
    2. B.
       preventing
    3. C.
       considering
    4. D.
       protecting
13. 13.
    1. A.
       view
    2. B.
       faith
    3. C.
       world
    4. D.
       study
14. 14.
    1. A.
       led in
    2. B.
       brought in
    3. C.
       resulted in
    4. D.
       taken in
15. 15.
    1. A.
       seeking
    2. B.
       making
    3. C.
       fighting
    4. D.
       working
16. 16.
    1. A.
       nurse
    2. B.
       praise
    3. C.
       understand
    4. D.
       raise
17. 17.
    1. A.
       one-sided
    2. B.
       many-sided
    3. C.
       round-way
    4. D.
       two-way
18. 18.
    1. A.
       more than
    2. B.
       rather than
    3. C.
       better than
    4. D.
       less than
19. 19.
    1. A.
       manner
    2. B.
       method
    3. C.
       program
    4. D.
       guide
20. 20.
    1. A.
       talking
    2. B.
       living
    3. C.
       playing
    4. D.
       discussing

The position of children in American family and society is no longer what is used to be. The 36 family in colonial(殖民时期的) North America was mainly concerned with survival and 37 that, its own economic prosperity. Thus, children were 38 in terms of their productivity(生产能力), and they played the role of producer quite early. 39 they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of subordination(附属).

With the 40 of the society, the position of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex and technological society 41 the United Stated has become, each 42 must fulfill a number of personal and occupational 43 and be in contact with many other member. 44 , viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are 45 more as people in their own right than as those of subordination. This acceplance of children as 46 participants in the family is reflected in various laws 47 the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.

This new 48 of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also 49 an increasing interest in child-raising techniques. People today spend much time 50 the proper way to 　51 children.

Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a 52 transaction(事务) between parent and child 53 a one-way, parent-to-child training 54 . As a consequence, socializing children and 55 with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.

36. A. poor　　　　　 B. ordinary　　　　 C. happy　　　　　　 D. wealthy

37. A. except　　　　 B. for　　　　　　　 C. beyond　 　　　　　D. through

38. A. supported　　　 B. received　　　　 C. encouraged　　　　 D. valued

39. A. Until　　　　　 B. After　　　　　 C. Although　　　　　 D. When

40. A. movement　　 B. achievement　　　 C. development　　　　 D. requirement

41. A. that　　　　　 B. where　　　　　 C. when　　　　　　　 D. what

42. A. parent　　　　 B. member　　　　　 C. family　　　　　　 D. relative

43. A. purposes　　　 B. promises　　　　 C. roles　　　　　　　 D. tasks

44. A. Besides　　　　 B. However　　　　 C. Instead　　　　　　 D. Therefore

45. A. admired　　　　 B. regarded　　　　 C. made　　　　　　　 D. respected

46. A. willing　　　　 B. equal　　　　　　 C. similar　　　　　　 D. common

47. A. enjoying　　　　 B. preventing　　　 C. considering　　　　　 D. protecting

48. A. view　　　　　 B. faith　　　　　　 C. world　　　　　　　 D. study

49. A. led in　　　　　 B. brought in　　　　 C. resulted in　　　　　 D. taken in

50. A. seeking　　　　 B. making　　　　　 C. fighting　　 　　　　D. working

51. A. nurse　　　　　 B. praise　　　　　 C. understand　　　　　 D. raise

52. A. one-sided　　　 B. many-sided　　　 C. round-way　　　　　 D. two-way

53. A. more than　　　 B. rather than　　　　 C. better than　　　　　 D. less than

54. A. manner　　　　 B. method　　　　　 C. program　　　　　　 D. guide

55. A. talking　　　　　 B. living　　　　　　 C. playing　　　　　　　 D. discussing

The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it used to be. The   1   family in colonial （殖民时期的） North American was mainly concerned with survival and   2   that, its own economic prosperity. Thus, children were   3   in terms of their productivity （生产能力）, and they played the role of producer quite early.   4   they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of subordination（附属）。

Which the   5   of the society, the position of children in the family and in the society became more important, In the complex and technological society   6   the United States has become, each   7   must fulfill a number of personal and occupational   8   and be in contact with many other members.   9  , viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are   10   more as people in their own right than as those of subordination. This acceptance of children as   11   participants in the family is reflected in various laws   12   the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.

This new   13   of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also   14   an increasing interest in child-raising techniques. People today spend much time   15   the proper way to   16   children.

Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a   17   transaction （事务）between parent and child   18   a one-way, parent-to-child training   19 . As a consequence, socialization children and   20   with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.

1. A. poor                            B. ordinary            C. happy                      D. wealthy

2. A. except                         B. for                    C. beyond                    D. through

3. A. supported                    B. received            C. encouraged              D. valued

4. A. Until                            B. After                 C. Although                  D. When

5. A. movement                    B. achievement       C. development            D. requirement

6. A. that                             B. where               C. when                             D. what

7. A. parent                B. member        C. family            D. relative

8. A. purposes             B. promises      C. roles               D. tasks

9. A. Besides               B. However      C. Instead             D. Therefore

10. A. admired                   B. regarded      C. made               D. respected

11. A. willing             B. equal            C. similar              D. common

12. A. enjoying             B. preventing      C. considering          D. protecting

13. A. view               B. faith           C. world               D. study

14 .A. led in              B. brought in       C. result in              D. taken in

15. A. seeking                  B .making        C. fighting       D. working

16. A. nurse                   B. praise         C. understand            D. raise

17. A. one-sided               B. many-sided    C. round-way                   D. two-way

18. A. more than               B. rather than     C. better than                   D. less than

19. A. manner                  B. method        C .program             D. guide

20. A. taking                   B. living         C. playing        D. discussing

阅读理解

　　In finding appropriate means of development it is important to recognize the central role that women play in the economic life of rural communities(社会) in less developed countries. In Africa, for example, about 70 percent of the food eaten in the home is grown and produced by women. As more and more men in less developed countries go to work in the cities, women's responsibilities for farming and managing the land have increased. In parts of Africa women now provide up to 90 percent of the agricultural (农业的) labor force . They one closely involved in making the day-to-day decisions about how the lend should be farmed, when it should be ploughed and when the crops should be harvested(收获) . Yet, despite their key role , women traditionally have had few rights of lard ownership; women are often unable to buy seeds or farm implements(工具) . They can only do so if their husbands agree.

　　Because of their role in agriculture and food production, it will be important in the development of the less developed countries of the world for women to have rights to land, to increase their participation(参与) in agricultural training projects, and to be consulted(咨询) over appropriate technologies.

　　In addition to their important role in food production, rural women in the less developed countries are well placed to encourage environmental protection.

　　Despite their important role in management and protection of the biophysical (生物物理学的) environment women in less developed countries are kept from the decision-making process. Because of cultural values they are “invisible” despite their obvious productive and social worth. The percentage of females who can read and write is much lower than it is for males. The lack of education for rural women can mean that a new idea that could improve the quality of life takes longer to be accepted and for the idea to spread.

1．Who plays the key role in the economic life of rural communities in less developed countries?

[　　]

A．Bath men and women.

B．Rural women.

C．Well-educated women.

D．Rural men.

2．In which aspect do we say that rural women play the important part in the less developed countries?

[　　]

A．Food production.

B．Environmental protection.

C．Agricultural technologies.

D．Both A and B.

3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．As more and more men go to work in the cities, more and more rural women are engaged in farming.

B．Because of the lack of land ownership, women usually have few rights to make decisions.

C．Nowadays most of the rural women can gain profit from the agricultural training project.

D．What the rural women need most is education.

4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．The Role of Women in Less Developed Communities

B．No Women, No Food

C．Women—the Owner of the Land

D．Rural Women Need Education