DID you get a flu shot this year? For the first time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years receive the flu vaccine.

Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. A weakened form of the germ (微生物) is introduced into the body. The body makes special substances called antibodies to fight the germs. If the actual germs were to attack, the antibodies would fight it.

       Because there are many kinds of flu viruses, scientists must create a new vaccine  formula (方程式) each year. Researchers must make a prediction.

It is like forecasting the weather. Sometimes they are right on, and sometimes they are off. But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types, it can make the illness less serious.

 "The flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio (小儿麻痹症) vaccine or the measles vaccine," says Dr William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. "It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine."

But a flu vaccine doesn't work for everyone. There are certain people who should be careful about taking it.

Because the vaccine is produced in eggs, those who are allergic (过敏的) to eggs should not take it. If you have a fever, you should wait until you recover.

Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot. Scientists say that it is not possible, because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated. But some minor side effects such as low-grade fever and body ache could occur. If they do, they begin soon after the shot and usually last only one to two days.

Did you know?

Smallpox was the first disease people tried to prevent by putting a virus into a healthy person. In 1796, English scientist Edward Jenner placed some infected (被感染的) material under a boy's skin.

61. Which of the following is the proper definition of "vaccine"?   

A. virus used for fighting against disease.

B. Antibodies to fight germs.

C. Formula to fight against disease.

D. Substance containing virus used for protecting people against diseases.

62. By saying "It's not a great vaccine, but  it  is  quite  a  good  vaccine",  the  author  means the flu vaccine               .  

A. is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

B. is not effective, compared with the polio and measles vaccines

C. does help to make illness less serious

D. is quite good because it works for everyone

63. We can infer from the passage that               .   

A. those who are allergic to eggs should not take flu vaccine

B. all the flu vaccines are not effective for everyone

C. you should go to a doctor if you have a fever or body ache after taking the flu vaccine

D. it is possible that some people might get the flu from the flu shot

64. It is not advisable for everyone to take flu vaccine because               .   

A. there are many kinds of virus

B. the flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

C. someone may be allergic to it

D. it has some minor side-effects

65. What topic will be discussed in the following paragraph?   

A. What kind of people should be careful about taking smallpox vaccine.

B. The side-effects of smallpox vaccine.

C. The origin of the flu vaccine.

D. How the smallpox vaccine worked on the boy.          

DID you get a flu shot this year? For the first time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years receive the flu vaccine．

Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses．A weakened form of the germ （微生物） is introduced into the body．The body makes special substances called antibodies to fight the germs．If the actual germs were to attack, the antibodies would fight it．

   Because there are many kinds of flu viruses, scientists must create a new vaccine  formula （方程式） each year．Researchers must make a prediction．

It is like forecasting the weather．Sometimes they are right on, and sometimes they are off．But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types, it can make the illness less serious．

   "The flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio （小儿麻痹症） vaccine or the measles vaccine," says Dr William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine．"It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine．"

But a flu vaccine doesn't work for everyone．There are certain people who should be careful about taking it．

Because the vaccine is produced in eggs, those who are allergic （过敏的） to eggs should not take it．If you have a fever, you should wait until you recover．

Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot．Scientists say that it is not possible, because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated．But some minor side effects such as low-grade fever and body ache could occur．If they do, they begin soon after the shot and usually last only one to two days．

Did you know?

Smallpox was the first disease people tried to prevent by putting a virus into a healthy person．In 1796, English scientist Edward Jenner placed some infected material under a boy's skin．

64．By saying "It's not a great vaccine, but  it  is  quite  a  good  vaccine",  the  author  means the flu vaccine               ． 

       A．does help to make illness less serious

       B．is not effective, compared with the polio and measles vaccines

       C．is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

       D．is quite good because it works for everyone

65．We can infer from the passage that               ．  

       A．those who are allergic to eggs should not take flu vaccine

       B．you should go to a doctor if you have a fever or body ache after taking the flu vaccine

C．all the flu vaccines are not effective for everyone

D．it is possible that some people might get the flu from the flu shot

66．It is not advisable for everyone to take flu vaccine because               ．  

       A．there are many kinds of virus

       B．the flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

       C．it has some minor side-effects

D．someone may be allergic to it

67．What topic will be discussed in the following paragraph?   

       A．How the smallpox vaccine worked on the boy．

       B．The side-effects of smallpox vaccine．

       C．The origin of the flu vaccine．

       D．What kind of people should be careful about taking smallpox vaccine．         

Did you get a flu shot this year? For the first time, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years receive the flu vaccine．

Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses．A weakened form of the germ （微生物）is introduced into the body．The body makes special substances called antibodies to fight the germs．If the actual germs were to attack, the antibodies would fight it．

    Because there are many kinds of flu viruses, scientists must create a new vaccine  formula（方程式） each year．Researchers must make a prediction．

It is like forecasting the weather．Sometimes they are right on, and sometimes they are off．But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types, it can make the illness less serious．

   "The flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio（小儿麻痹症）vaccine or the measles vaccine," says Dr William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine．"It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine．"

But a flu vaccine doesn't work for everyone．There are certain people who should be careful about taking it．

Because the vaccine is produced in eggs, those who are allergic（过敏的）to eggs should not take it．If you have a fever, you should wait until you recover．

Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot．Scientists say that it is not possible, because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated．But some minor side effects such as low-grade fever and body ache could occur．If they do, they begin soon after the shot and usually last only one to two days．

Did you know?

Smallpox was the first disease people tried to prevent by putting a virus into a healthy person．In 1796, English scientist Edward Jenner placed some infected material under a boy's skin．

1．By saying "It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine", the author means the flu vaccine               ． 

       A．is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

       B．is not effective, compared with the polio and measles vaccines

       C．does help to make illness less serious

       D．is quite good because it works for everyone

2．We can infer from the passage that               ．  

       A．those who are allergic to eggs should not take flu vaccine

       B．all the flu vaccines are not effective for everyone

       C．you should go to a doctor if you have a fever or body ache after taking the flu vaccine

       D．it is possible that some people might get the flu from the flu shot

3．It is not advisable for everyone to take flu vaccine because              ．  

       A．there are many kinds of virus

       B．the flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

       C．someone may be allergic to it

       D．it has some minor side-effects

4．What topic will be discussed in the following paragraph?

       A．What kind of people should be careful about taking smallpox vaccine．

       B．The side-effects of smallpox vaccine．

       C．The origin of the flu vaccine．

       D．How the smallpox vaccine worked on the boy．

Did you get a flu shot this year？For the first time，the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years receive the flu vaccine.

Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses.A weakened form of the germ (病菌) is introduced into the body.The body makes special substances called antibodies (抗体) to fight the germs.If the actual germs were to attack，the antibodies would fight.Because there are many kinds of flu viruses，scientists must create a new vaccine formula (处方) each year.Researchers must make a prediction.

It is like forecasting the weather.Sometimes they are right on，and sometimes they are off.But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types，it can make the illness less serious.

“The flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio (小儿麻痹症) vaccine or the measles vaccine，” says Dr.William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine.“It’s not a great vaccine，but it is in fact quite a good vaccine.”

But a flu vaccine doesn’t work for everyone.There are certain people who should be careful about taking it，because the vaccine is produced in eggs.Those who are allergic (过敏的) to eggs should not take it.If you have a fever，you should wait until you recover.

Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot.Scientists say that it is not possible，because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated.But some minor side effects such as low?grade fever and body ache could occur.If they do，they begin soon after the shot and usually last only one to two days.

Did you know？Smallpox was the first disease people tried to prevent by putting a virus into a healthy person.In 1796，English scientist Edward Jenner placed some infected material under a boy’s skin.

1.The underlined word “vaccine” (in Para.1) refers to________.

A．virus used for fighting against disease

B．antibody to fight the germs

C．formula to fight against disease

D．germ to be injected into the body

2.By saying “It’s not a great vaccine，but it is in fact quite a good vaccine.” (in Para.4)，William Schaffner means the flu vaccine________.

A．is as effective as the polio and the measles vaccines

B．is worse，compared with the polio and the measles vaccines

C．does help to make illness less serious

D．is quite good because it works for everyone

3.We can infer from the passage that________.

A．those who are not allergic to eggs can take the flu vaccine

B．not all the flu vaccines are effective for everyone

C．you should go to a doctor if you have a fever after taking the flu vaccine

D．it is possible that some people might get? the flu from the flu shot

4.When people take the flu vaccine，________.

A．they’ll be allergic to eggs

B．their bodies will ache for 5 days

C．they probably have a low fever

D．they won’t catch a flu ever after

Section B

Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

 A

       The year 2009 has witnessed the spread of Flu A-H1N1(甲型流感) and as the winter is approaching, it rends to regain its power. These days, one of the most popular words may be: Have you got a flu vaccine shot(注射) so far.  Even in the USA, President Barack Obama declared A-H1N1 flu a national emergency and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is recommending that all children aged from 6 months to 18 years should receive the flu vaccine.

       Vaccines battle diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. A weakened form of the germ is introduced into the body. The body makes special substances called antibodies to fight the germs. If the actual germs were to attack, the antibodies would fight it.

       Because there are many kinds of flu viruses, scientists must create a new vaccine formula (方程式) each year. Researchers must make a prediction.

       It is like forecasting the weather. Sometimes they are right on, and sometimes they are off. But even when the vaccine does not closely match circulating flu types, it can make the illness less serious.

       “The H1N1 vaccine is not as effective as the polio (小儿麻痹症) vaccine or the measles vaccine,” says Dr William Schaffner of Vanderbilt University of Medicine. “It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine.”

       But the H1N1 vaccine doesn't work for everyone. There are certain people who should be careful about taking it because the vaccine is produced in eggs, those who are allergic(过敏的) to eggs should not take it. If you have a fever, you should wait until you recover.

       Some people are afraid that they might get the flu from the flu shot or the H1N1 vaccine is likely to have some side effects on them.  World Health Organization (WHO) announced on Nov 3, 2009 that it is safe to have a vaccine shot because the viruses in the flu shot are inactivated and they have been working on a global H1NI vaccine production plan. However, some minor side effects such as low-grade fever and body ache could occur.  If they do, they begin soon after the shot, so it is better to have a half-hour observation after the shot.  

63. Which of the following is the proper definition of “vaccine” ?

     A. Virus used for fighting against disease.

     B. Antibodies to fight germs.

     C. Formula to fight against disease.

     D. Substance containing virus used for protecting people against diseases.

64. By saying “It's not a great vaccine, but it is quite a good vaccine', the author means the flu   vaccine

     A. is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

     B. is not effective, compared with the polio and measles vaccines

     C. does help to make illness less serious

     D. is quite good because it works for everyone

65. We can infer from the passage that _______.

    A. those who are allergic to eggs should not take flu vaccine

    B. all the flu vaccines are not effective for everyone

    C. you should go to a doctor if you have a fever or body ache after taking the flu vaccine

    D. it is possible that some people might get the flu from the flu shot

66. It is not advisable for everyone to take flu vaccine because _______.

    A. there are many kinds of virus

    B. the flu vaccine is not as effective as the polio and measles vaccines

C. someone may be allergic to it

D. it has some minor side-effects