B:回答相同4.感谢和应答 表示感谢 通常回答 Thank you very much. Not at all. Thanks a lot. That's OK. Many thanks. That's all right. Thanks for helping me. You're welcome. 查看更多

 

题目列表(包括答案和解析)

阅读下面两个材料并回答问题:
【材料一】2011年10月3日,诺贝尔奖委员会宣布,美国科学家布鲁斯·巴特勒、卢森堡科学家朱尔斯·霍夫曼和加拿大科学家拉尔夫·斯坦曼获得2011年诺贝尔医学生理学奖。在长期进化过程中人体具备两种免疫机能:一是“固有免疫”,二是“获得性免疫”。布鲁斯·巴特勒、朱尔斯·霍夫曼的获奖领域在前者;而拉尔夫·斯坦曼的工作主要在后者。
布鲁斯·巴特勒、朱尔斯·霍夫曼发现了由“Toll”基因编码的关键受体蛋白,该受体蛋白能识别病原微生物,并激活“固有免疫”,打开免疫反应的第一步;拉尔夫·斯坦曼发现的树突状细胞在免疫应答中作用,树突状细胞在体内游弋,发现并摄取病原体的特异性抗原,并报告给T淋巴细胞,T细胞将调动其他免疫细胞发生级联反应,最终消灭病原体。
(1)材料中所描述的“固有免疫”就是_____________________免疫,这种免疫对所有的病原体都有防御作用。(1分)
(2)下列有关“Toll”基因的叙述正确的是:_____________(单选)(1分)
A.Toll基因只存在于免疫细胞中
B.Toll基因编码受体蛋白,体现基因对性状的直接控制
C.Toll基因编码的受体蛋白能识别病原微生物,体现了免疫细胞的特异性识别
D.效应T细胞能与靶细胞密切接触就是该受体功能体现
(3)下列有关树突状细胞的叙述正确的是:_____________________(不定项)
A.树突状细胞在免疫中发挥作用,说明神经系统与免疫系统功能密切相关
B.在细胞免疫和体液免疫中树突状细胞所起的作用没有明显差别
C.树突状细胞能够处理和呈递病原体的抗原特异性
D.树突状细胞可触发T细胞发生免疫反应
E.树突状细胞可能是一种吞噬细胞
【材料二】(根据南方周末《乔布斯的错误与诺奖得主的试验》整理)就在瑞典卡罗琳医学院宣布本年度诺贝尔医学奖的前3天,斯坦曼因胰腺癌不幸离世,他没能亲耳听到自己获奖的喜讯,令人惋惜。就在他离世死后的第6天“改变世界”的IT精英乔布斯也因胰腺癌英年早逝。
两人所患的胰腺癌都是死亡率极高的恶性肿瘤。乔布斯患的是“胰腺内分泌型肿瘤”,该病症病情发展缓慢,能存活数年的患者不在少数。但这位著名的素食主义者曾一度拒绝手术治疗,导致肿瘤细胞转移,病情迅速恶化。
而斯坦曼所患的病症为“胰腺外分泌型肿瘤”,该病患者的存活期往往只有数月。斯坦曼在2007年确诊胰腺癌后,就积极尝试基于树突状细胞的治疗性疫苗(DC疫苗)。借助这种“细胞免疫疗法”,他的生命从预期的数月延长至4年。
(4)乔布斯癌变的细胞可能是_____________细胞,该细胞的分泌物与_________________。系统消灭癌细胞的过程是_____________(填一种特异性免疫)发挥作用。
(5)斯坦曼所注射的DC疫苗是由其体内的树突状细胞和肿瘤细胞中提取的一种短肽(即治疗性疫苗),该短肽在免疫中作为_____________引起人体发生免疫反应。除树突状细胞外,斯坦曼体能够特异性识别这种短肽的细胞还有(至少写出3种)______________________________________。
(6)有人认为DC疫苗对防治癌症有一定的疗效,原因是:通过免疫反应斯坦曼体内的免疫系统产生抗体,抗体与该短肽特异性结合,使短肽失效。你认为这个解释对吗,____________,请说出你的理由:_________________________。(共2分)
(7)斯坦曼生前尝试注射过三种DC疫苗,却还是未能逃出死神的魔掌,请从免疫学的角度分析导致他死亡的可能原因是:________________________________________。

查看答案和解析>>

听下面5个句子。每个句子后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C二个选项中选出与你所听到的句子表
达的意思相同或相近的选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每个句子后,你将有5秒钟的时间来回答有
关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子读两遍。
(     )1. A. The guitar can't be Alice's.
           B. The guitar must be Alice's.
           C. The guitar might be Alice's.
(     )2. A. To be poor is more serious than to be dishonest.
           B. To be dishonest is as serious as to be poor.
           C. It is more of a problem to be dishonest than to be poor.
(     )3. A. I don't eat food that tastes terrible. 
           B. I eat not only good food but also bad food.
           C. I only eat expensive food.
(     )4. A. The survey shows us clearly that teenagers' hopes are similar.
           B. The survey shows us clearly that teenagers' hopes are different.
           C. The survey shows us clearly that teenagers' hopes are the same.
(     )5. A. Each of them spends several hour a week on the volunteer work.
           B. Each of them wastes several hours a week on the volunteer work.
           C. Each of them costs several hours a week to do the volunteer work.

查看答案和解析>>

阅读《甘露的秘密》,回答问题。(6分)
蚂蚁和蚜虫的关系简直可以说是亲密无间的,有时候,你会看到一群蚂蚁背着蚜虫川流不息地跑来跑去,那是蚂蚁在给蚜虫搬家。当蚜虫在一片植物上大肆蚕食,只剩下残茎败叶之后,蚂蚁就把这群祸害转移到另一处食物充足的地方去,使蚜虫能够饱食终日,好排泄出更多的蚜蜜来。在蚂蚁搬家的时候,也不会丢下为它提供美餐的好朋友不管。确定了新居之后,小蚂蚁就会把蚜虫一个一个搬到附近的植物上去。蚂蚁不仅是蚜虫的“卫士”,还是蚜虫的“保姆”。冬天临近了,雌蚜排出了一个个越冬卵。蚂蚁很担心这些卵会被冻坏,便不辞劳苦地把它一个个搬到外面晾晒,晒完后再搬回巢去。到了次年早春,蚜卵孵化了,这下又忙坏了小蚂蚁,它又主动承担了喂养小蚜虫的任务。直到春暖花开,蚂蚁又把小蚜虫一个个搬出洞来,放到植物上,让它去啃食鲜嫩的茎叶,以便自己从它的屁股后面捞取一点蚜蜜。(选自《中学生必读文库》)
【小题1】文中起过渡作用的句子是:(2分)
________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】蚂蚁是蚜虫的保姆,它作为保姆要为蚜虫做哪几件事?(3分)
________________________________________________________________________
【小题3】从全文看,捞取一词体现了作者对蚂蚁怎样的态度?(1分)
________________________________________________________________________

The Guidance Department (教导处)at Berryville High School has a staff of eleven teachers. Most of their work is done with the students. But the staff sees a lot of parents, too.
“Parents meetings make clear monthly diagram(图表).”says Mildred Freman, head of the Guidance. “This diagram stays much the same from year to year. The busy months are October, March and May. ”
September, the beginning of a new school year, starts rather slowly. Few parents come in. Most of these want to talk about the schedules. October brings many problems caused by some students. Some parents are called in. Others come by themselves. Things quiet down in November. December is a quiet month. “It’s the holiday. ”Ms Foreman says, “People want to come in, I know, but they decide to wait until after New Year’s Day.”
Report cards go home just before Christmas holidays. Bad marks bring parents in as school opens again. This happens again in March, another report card month. May is always the year’s busiest month. That’s when parents begin to think that their children may be asked to stay in the same grade again. They come in to see if anything can be done before things are decided in June.
【小题1】The teachers in the Guidance Department usually ______.
A.do most of their work for the students
B.answer all the questions from parents
C.help other teachers get along with students and parents  
D.only bring report cards to students and parents
【小题2】In December parents usually ______.
A.stay at home with their children for their holidays
B.wait for the teachers to bring report cards to their children
C.wouldn’t like to visit the teachers in the Guidance Department
D.let teachers have a good rest during their holidays
【小题3】Why do some parents come to school in March? Because ______.
A.they want to see their children’s teachers after Christmas holidays
B.they are called by the teachers of Guidance Department
C.bad marks have them do it
D.it’s the beginning of a new school year
【小题4】Which of the following is Right?
A.In June the school decides who will stay in the same grade again.
B.Almost all the parents come to meet Mildred Foreman every month.
C.April is also the second busiest month for the staff.
D.The parents help to do most of the work for the staff.

查看答案和解析>>

书面表达。
     八年级四班的学生下周三在学校举行一个慈善义演,请你帮助班长写一个发言稿来介
绍此次活动的安排情况, 不少于80 个单词。
      要点如下:
     1. 名称为“Helping the Children in poor areas.”, 目的改善孩子们的生活,并得到免费的教育。    
     2. 地点在操场上,从上午8 :00 到10 :00
     3. 想要为希望工程募集钱,希望募集钱帮助孩子们返校园,票价每人10 元。
     4. 许多同学已志愿为义演做些工作,向帮助我们组织这次演出的学生和老师表示感谢!
     5. 希望大家来参加。
     _________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

查看答案和解析>>

听下面9 段对话。每段对话后面有一个小题,从题后所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
 (     ) 1. A. By making flash cards                               B. By listening to the tape and speaking often.
             C. By joining the English club.
(     ) 2. A. At 8:05 
(     ) 3. A. 11:20      
(     ) 4. A. 80 yuan 
B. By plane        
B. 11:40     
B. 150 yuan
C. By subway   
C. 12:00                    
C. 75 yuan   
 (     ) 5. A. He'll go to visit Expo Garden                      B. He has been to Shanghai Expo Garden.
             C. He is in Shanghai.
(     ) 6. A. Animals                          
(     ) 7. A. A policeman                   
(     ) 8. A. Breakfast                     
(     ) 9. A. Chemical    
B. Farming machines             
B. A soldier             
B. Lunch              
B. Litter           
C. Many kinds of animals          
C. Save people in the earthquake          
C. Supper                         
C. Chemical and litter          

查看答案和解析>>


同步练习册答案