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    68．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Generally speaking, in Finland, workers can get more pay by working long hours. B．The bosses are too busy to check the working hours of their employees. C．The workers are always honest with their working hours. D．The workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay. 【查看更多】

     

    题目列表(包括答案和解析)

    Americans, generally speaking, make an effort to be friendly with their colleagues, neighbours and other people they often run into. This often takes the form of a simple greeting like “How’s it going?” or “What’s up ?” This is simply a way of saying I see you and I recognize you.
    Americans also show this friendliness in “small talk”. Small talk is a casual conversation that Americans engage in when they meet on the street, in the shop or in the office before a meeting. Usually the topics of such small talk will be something that everyone is familiar with, the weather, sports, traffic, hobbies or what’s on television. The topic of the conversation is not as important as the effort make to spend a few minutes with the other person. Small talk shows that you are a considerate person who is interested in others and who is willing to take the time to get to know people.
    Small talk is used in the business world to create a friendly atmosphere and to put everyone at ease before the serious matters of business are discussed. Often businessmen will spend a few minutes talking about the weather or sports before a meeting. This form of small talk only lasts a few minutes before the American businessman wants to “get down to business.”
    Asians are very skilled at making casual conversation. However, they often find it difficult to make small talk with Americans because they don’t know what to say, how to say it and who to say it to. Americans may see Asians who are reluctant to make small talk as unfriendly and cold.
    【小题1】 American people ask others how it is going because      .

    A．they are curious about others’ affairs
    B．they are eager to help others
    C．they want to start a long conversation
    D．they only want to show their kindness
    【小题2】Businessmen talk about weather before a meeting       .   
    A．so that everyone present will feel relaxed
    B．in order that everyone will be warned against the possible bad weather
    C．because weather is very important to American people
    D．in order to make people fresh
    【小题3】The word “reluctant” means       .        
    A．willingB．eagerC．unwillingD．skilled
    【小题4】Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
    A．You should keep the conversation short.
    B．Asians are not friendly and don’t like to talk with others
    C．“To get down to business” means to start the work.
    D．The topics of the small talk are not very important.

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    Americans, generally speaking, make an effort to be friendly with their colleagues, neighbours and other people they often run into. This often takes the form of a simple greeting like “How’s it going?” or “What’s up ?” This is simply a way of saying I see you and I recognize you.

    Americans also show this friendliness in “small talk”. Small talk is a casual conversation that Americans engage in when they meet on the street, in the shop or in the office before a meeting. Usually the topics of such small talk will be something that everyone is familiar with, the weather, sports, traffic, hobbies or what’s on television. The topic of the conversation is not as important as the effort make to spend a few minutes with the other person. Small talk shows that you are a considerate person who is interested in others and who is willing to take the time to get to know people.

    Small talk is used in the business world to create a friendly atmosphere and to put everyone at ease before the serious matters of business are discussed. Often businessmen will spend a few minutes talking about the weather or sports before a meeting. This form of small talk only lasts a few minutes before the American businessman wants to “get down to business.”

    Asians are very skilled at making casual conversation. However, they often find it difficult to make small talk with Americans because they don’t know what to say, how to say it and who to say it to. Americans may see Asians who are reluctant to make small talk as unfriendly and cold.

    1. American people ask others how it is going because      .

    A．they are curious about others’ affairs

    B．they are eager to help others

    C．they want to start a long conversation

    D．they only want to show their kindness

    2.Businessmen talk about weather before a meeting       .   

    A．so that everyone present will feel relaxed

    B．in order that everyone will be warned against the possible bad weather

    C．because weather is very important to American people

    D．in order to make people fresh

    3.The word “reluctant” means       .        

    A．willing

    B．eager

    C．unwilling

    D．skilled

    4.Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

    A．You should keep the conversation short.

    B．Asians are not friendly and don’t like to talk with others

    C．“To get down to business” means to start the work.

    D．The topics of the small talk are not very important.

     

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    阅读理解

    　　As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex．

    　　Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department(人事部)is interested in discussions with the employees about pay．

    　　If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation(估价)and ways of measuring the performance of its employees．In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers．

    　　In job evaluation, all the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description．Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in“points”, which are added together to give a total value for the job．For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems．

    　　Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points．

    　　In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market．It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply．

    　　It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed．Where it is simply to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen; for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed．

    (1)

    If a firm wants to establish a new pay structure, it is necessary to get the agreement between ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    the Trade Unions and the Personnel Department

    B．

    the Personnel Department and the Accounts Department

    C．

    the employees and the Trade Unions．

    D．

    the employers and the Trade Unions

    (2)

    What does the words“monetary encouragement schemes”in the last paragraph imply?

    [　　]

    A．

    They are plans in which much payment is encouraged．

    B．

    They are encouraging money schedules

    C．

    They are pay systems

    D．

    They are pay systems to encourage workers in that the more work is done, the more money will be paid．

    (3)

    Methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    their work is not important

    B．

    they have low wages

    C．

    the measurement of their work is difficult

    D．

    the company does not have enough money

    (4)

    Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

    [　　]

    A．

    In every company only the Accounts Department takes charge of the management of wages and salaries．

    B．

    Management work and the job done by workers can use the same evaluation system．

    C．

    If a job is done differently, the payment for the job should be different too．

    D．

    An evaluation system based on points is usually used to evaluate management work．

    (5)

    The main purpose of the passage is to ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    explain the responsibilities of both the Accounts Department and the Personnel Department．

    B．

    explain not to evaluate the performance of a job by points

    C．

    tell readers how a company should adopt a new payment system

    D．

    convince(使确信)readers that management work is more difficult to evaluate than the work done by workers

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    阅读理解

    　　As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex．

    　　Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department(人事部)is interested in discussions with the employees about pay．

    　　If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation(估价)and ways of measuring the performance of its employees．In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers．

    　　In job evaluation, all the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description．Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in“points”, which are added together to give a total value for the job．For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems．

    　　Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points．

    　　In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market．It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply．

    　　It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed．Where it is simply to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen; for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed．

    (1)

    If a firm wants to establish a new pay structure, it is necessary to get the agreement between________．

    [　　]

    A．

    the Trade Unions and the Personnel Department

    B．

    the Personnel Department and the Accounts Department

    C．

    the employees and the Trade Unions．

    D．

    the employers and the Trade Unions

    (2)

    What does the words“monetary encouragement schemes”in the last paragraph imply?

    [　　]

    A．

    They are plans in which much payment is encouraged．

    B．

    They are encouraging money schedules

    C．

    They are pay systems

    D．

    They are pay systems to encourage workers in that the more work is done, the more money will be paid．

    (3)

    Methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    their work is not important

    B．

    they have low wages

    C．

    the measurement of their work is difficult

    D．

    the company does not have enough money

    (4)

    Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

    [　　]

    A．

    In every company only the Accounts Department takes charge of the management of wages and salaries．

    B．

    Management work and the job done by workers can use the same evaluation system．

    C．

    If a job is done differently, the payment for the job should be different too．

    D．

    An evaluation system based on points is usually used to evaluate management work．

    (5)

    The main purpose of the passage is to ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    explain the responsibilities of both the Accounts Department and the Personnel Department．

    B．

    explain not to evaluate the performance of a job by points

    C．

    tell readers how a company should adopt a new payment system

    D．

    convince(使确信)readers that management work is more difficult to evaluate than the work done by workers

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    What is language for? Some people seem to think it's for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words——the longer the lists, the better. That's wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas and information. It's meaningless knowing all about a language if you can't use it freely. Many students I have met know hundreds of grammar rules, but they can't speak correctly or fluently（流利地）. They are afraid of making mistakes. One shouldn't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking a foreign language. Native speakers make mistakes and break rules, too. Bernard Shaw once wrote, "Foreigners often speak English too correctly." But the mistakes that native speakers make are different from those that Chinese students make. They're English mistakes in the English language. And if enough native speakers break a rule, it is no longer a rule. What used to be wrong becomes right. People not only make history, they make language. But a people can only make its own language. It can't make another people's language. So Chinese students of English should pay attention to grammar, but they shouldn't overdo it. They should put communication first.

    1．Generally, when an American or an Englishman speaks English, he _____.

         A．never makes mistakes                   B．often makes mistakes

         C．can't avoid making mistakes              D．always makes mistakes

    2．The sentence "Foreigners often speak English too correctly." means that ______.

          A．foreigners speak correct English    

    B．foreigners speak incorrect English

          C．foreigners speak English according to the grammar rules

          D．foreigners never make mistakes when they speak English

    3．When we speak a foreign language, we should ______.

    A．speak in the Chinese way      

    B．speak according to the rules

    C．break the rules               

    D．not be afraid of making mistakes

    4．Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?

    A．When there are enough Chinese people making the same mistake in English, the mistake is no longer a mistake.

    B．One should not always pay too much attention to grammar when learning a foreign language.

    C．It is most important to know all about a language when learning it.

    D．Language is for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words

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