There seems never to have been a civilization(文明) without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys play with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are strictly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. It is the universality of toys about their development in all parts of the world and their continuing to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to (服从于) technological progress that characterizes inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of advancement. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of materials then ready for use. (words: 285 ; time : 5ms)

1. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that ________ .

A. their social roles are strictly determined

B. most boys would like to follow their fathers' jobs

C. boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers

D. they like challenging activities.

2. "The universality of toys" lies in the fact that ________ .

A. technological advances have greatly improved the making of toys

B. the improvement of techniques in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

C. the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys

D. the basic characteristics of toys are the same all over the world

3. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys ________.

A. follow a direct line of development

B. also greatly interest adults

C. are not characterized by progress in technology

D. show the pace of social progress

（C）篇

1. A。由原文第二段第二句可知。

2. D。根据文章第三段第一句和第三句可知,玩具的基本的特征变化不大。

3. C。由文章最后一段第一句可知,玩具作为一种艺术形式,不因科技变化而变化。

 

 

第二节  根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中由两项为多余选项。

—Any good news?

—Not really.  61  So I was left behind after school yesterday.

—  62 

—Sometimes I do. The day before yesterday, I was quiet in my history class but I still had to stay after school.

—  63

—Because I fell asleep. But it wasn’t my fault.  64  

—I advise you to take school more seriously. If you don’t pass your exam, you will have to drop out and work as a result.

—  65  If I have a job, I have to do dull work every day. But now I am in school, I must listen to dull teachers every day.

—Something must be wrong with you. Go to the psychologist first.

A. You are lazy.

B. I don’t understand.

C. You made your teacher angry.

D. Better keep quiet in class.

E. The lesson is dull.

F. I don’t think it makes much difference.

G. I was talking without being asked in class.

（2011·安徽卷）A

Passage 1

The Information Highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of on-line services: the Web, e-mail, and software, to mention just a few. Not long ago, the Information Highway was a new road, with not many users. Now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. Not surprisingly, this well-traveled highway is starting to look like a well-traveled highway. Traffic jams can cause many serious problems, forcing the system to close down for repair. Naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowed road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever. Then, of course, there’s Mr. Cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. But don’t trick yourself; he pays for that speeding.

Passage 2

Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it? Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday. Friedman studied environmental science at three well-known universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject. He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Great Barrier Reef, which came into the public eye in 2002, is his latest interest. Signed copies of his colorful book, which was published just last month, will be on sale after his talk.

【文章大意】本文分两部分，第一篇介绍信息高速公路的情况；第二篇介绍Doctor Herman Friedman的情况。

56. The Information Highway                .

A. is free from traffic accidents

B. is crowded with car drivers

C. offers just a few on-line services

D. appeals to a large number of users

57. How does MR. Cool manage to travel the Information Highway so fast?

A. By storing fewer files.

B. By repair the system.

C. By buying a better computer.

D. By using a broad-band connection.

58. What can be learned from Passenger 2?

A. There will be a book show at Grayson Hall.

B. Friedman is now studying the Great Barrier Reef.

C. There will be a talk on global warming this week.

D. Friedman is a leading expert on computer science.

59. Passage 2 is most probably              .

A. a poster about a lecture

B. an ad for a new book

C. a note to a doctor in a university

D. an introduction to a professor

 

第二节 读写任务（共l小题，满分25分）

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Most people remember their teachers as some kind of despotic（专制的）person although it isn't always the truth. Most of them are quite nice and are always there to give us a hand when we need one. Not so long ago, you might think the teacher was The Teacher and was almighty（万能的）and the students were there to learn and nothing else. Now there is some kind of interactivity（相互活动）between the students and the teacher. To my mind, teachers are here to teach us their knowledge and to listen to what we have to say. Indeed, students aren't afraid to tell them what they think any more. However, this doesn’t mean that they don't control their troops. It is just because times and methods have changed. Our teachers are now closer to their students and have created some kind of soft climate that allows us to be in class without a feeling of obligation（责任）or what so ever. Nevertheless, we can but notice that the "power" is still in the teachers' hands. If something goes wrong it is up to him or her to react properly and to carry out punishment if it is necessary.

【写作内容】

1. 以30个词概括文章内容要点；

2. 用约120个词就“师生关系”的话题发表你的看法，包括如下要点：

（A）如何和老师友好相处；

（B）与老师和谐相处的好处；

（C）用事例说明和谐的师生关系对你的成长有何影响。

【写作要求】

1. 在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

【评分标准】

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。