As a teacher you have to ______ your methods to suit the needs of slower children.

A．abandon          B．apply             C．adjust            D．accelerate

 

Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term these specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.

There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems—the telephone, post office, or transportation—may be difficult to work out. The most simple things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.

Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.

Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves for the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience—these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.

1. According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following

except _____.

A. language communication          B. weather conditions and customs

C. public service systems            D. homesickness

2. According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, __________.

A, the fewer difficulties you may have abroad

B. the more difficulties you may have abroad

C. the more money you will earn abroad

D. the less homesick you will feel abroad

3. What is the main idea of the last passage?

A. Escape unfamiliar environment

B. The feeling of homesickness.

C. Homesickness can solve the problem of culture shock.

D. The best way to overcome culture shock: get familiar with the new culture.

Many women write to me perplexed(困惑的)about why they can’t form close friendships. They try new approaches, put themselves in all the right places, see therapists, and read relevant self-help books. They consider themselves interesting, loyal, kind and friend-worthy people. But for reasons unknown to them, they have a tough time forming intimate relationships. Many admit to not having even one close friend.

A recent study published in the Journal of personality and Social Psychology offers some clues as to how both nature (personality) and nurture (experience) impact our friendships. Researchers at the University of Virginia and University of Toronto, Mississauga studied more than 7,000 American adults between the ages of 20 and 75 over a period of ten years, looking at the number of times these adults moved during childhood. Their study, like prior ones, showed a link between residential mobility and adult well-being: The more times participants moved as children , the poorer the quality of their adult social relationships.

But digging deeper, the researchers found that personality—specifically being introverted (内向的) or extroverted (外向的) — could either intensify of buffer (缓冲) the effect of moving to a new town or neighborhood during childhood. The negative impact of more moves during childhood was far greater for introverts compared to extroverts.

“Moving a lot makes it difficult for people to maintain long-term close relationships,” stated Dr. Shigehiro Oishi, the first author of the study, in a press release from the American Psychological Association, “This might not be a serious problem for outgoing people who can make friends quickly and easily. Less outgoing people have a harder time making new friends.”

Families often have to relocate — across town, across the country, or across the globe. Yet, in many cases, their kids and young adolescents haven’t yet built up a bank of friendships. So the conventional wisdom is to try to minimize moves for the sake of your child, whenever possible , and to move at the end of the academic year.

1.The passage is written mainly to        .

A．offer advice to women on how to form intimate relationships .

B．explain how nature and nurture impact our friendships.

C．explain how moves during childhood affect children.

D．tell us how to help children make friends.

2.Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?

A．People who moved less during childhood have better social relationships.

B．The more people moved during childhood, the more friends they have.

C．The more people moved during childhood, the better they adjust to society.

D．There is no link between residential mobility and adult well-being.

3.In order for children to maintain long-term close relationships , parents         .

A．should not relocate their homes

B．should relocate their homes within the town

C．had better move at the end of school year

D．had better move when their children couldn’t build up a bank of friendships

4.We learn from the fourth paragraph that moves during childhood         .

A．have a bigger impact on an introverted person compared to extroverts.

B．have no impact on an outgoing person

C．are a big problem for both introverts and extroverts

D．help children better adapt to new environment

5.We can infer from the passage that          .

A．our friendships are mainly affected by our nurture

B．we can move when children have made a lot of friends

C．the impact of moves will disappear when one reaches adulthood

D．there is some way to minimize the impact of moves during childhood on children

 

A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below l6℃. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover，these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns，potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.

In the past hundred years，humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources（资源）：land for crops，wood for paper and other products，land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example，a lot of carbon dioxide in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.

There are two main reasons for this. Firstly，when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now，but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply.

Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store. More than 25％ of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However，fewer than l％of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests.

1.Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they      .

A．reflect more heat into the atmosphere

B．bring about high rainfall throughout the world

C．rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than l6℃

D．reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth

2.What does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to?

A．We will lose much more than we can gain.

B．Humans have begun destroying rainforests.

C．People have a strong desire for resources.

D．Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests.

3.It can be inferred from the text that      .

A．we can get enough resources without rainforests

B．there is great medicine potential in rainforests

C．we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land

D．the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns

4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Losing the rainforests has caused natural disasters all over the world.

B．Cutting rainforests will help increase the world’s wood supply in the future.

C．Rainforests can’t provide medical cures for diseases at all

D．Rainforests helps to control the temperature and adjust climate for humans.

5.What might be the best title for the text?

A．How to Save Rainforests

B．How to Protect Nature

C．Rainforests and the Environment

D．Rainforests and Medical Development

 

A couple of years ago, those who forecast that oil price would reach $ 100 a barrel were seen as doomsters. However, now some are predicting $ 200 a barrel.

   Had economists been told that oil price would barely pause at $ 100 before reaching the recent peak of nearly $ 127, they would no doubt have forecast terrible economic consequences. But the global economy, though interrupted by the high price of energy, is still chugging along. Meanwhile, inflation has picked up, but the headline rates of inflation (通货膨胀率) in most developed countries are nowhere near the levels seen in the 1970s and 1980s.

   There are three explanations for the oil price’s unclear impact. The first is that nowadays developed economies are more efficient in their use of energy, thanks partly to the increased importance of service industries and the diminished role of manufacturing(制造业). According to the Energy Information Administration, the energy intensity of America’s GDP fell by 42% between 1980 and 2007.

   A second theory is that the oil-price rise has been steady, not sudden, giving the economy time to adjust. Giovanni Serio of Goldman Sachs points out that in 1973 there was a severe supply shock because of the oil embargo(石油禁运), when the world had to cope with 10%-15% less crude almost overnight. Not this time.

  The third explanation turns the argument on its head; rather than oil harming the global economy, it is global expansion that is driving up the price of oil.

  The most important factor is the shift in favor of the developing economies. America has responded to high price in familiar fashion: UBS forecasts that demand will drop by 1.1% this year and will be no higher in 2010 than it was in 2004. But the demand from China and other emerging markets is more than offsetting(抵消) this shortfall.

What is the passage mainly talking about?

   A. The prediction of economists.             B. The situation of economy

   C. The increase of oil price                  D. The American response to high price

How many explanations for the oil price’s impact are mentioned in the passage?

   A. Two      B. Three        C. Four        D. Five

What can we conclude from the passage?

   A. In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be very high.

   B. In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be higher than it was in 2004.

   C. In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be as high as it was in 2004.

   D. In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be as low as it was in 2004.