PART FOUR  WRITING

  SECTION A

  Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.

  Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

One of the definitions of a symbol is that it is "something that stands for something else. " We can divide symbols into three kinds: the conventional, the accidental, and the universal symbol.

    The conventional symbol is the best known in everyday language., The letters t-a-b-1-e stand for the thing "table" we see, touch, and use. But there is no inherent (内在的) relationship between the meaning and its letters or sound. The only reason the word symbolizes the thing is the convention of calling this particular thing by a name. After being repeated over and over, the word is accepted in the language.

     Besides words, pictures also act as symbols. A flag, for instance, may stand for a specific country, and yet there is no inherent connection between the specific colors and the country for which they stand. It has been accepted after repeated uses.

     The opposite to the conventional symbol is the accidental symbol. Supposing that someone has had a saddening experience in a city, he will easily connect the name with a mood of sadness when hearing its name, just as he would connect it with a mood of joy had his experience been a happy one. Obviously, there is nothing in the nature of the city that is either sad or joyful. It is the individual experience connected with the city that makes it a symbol of a mood. The connection between the symbol and the experience symbolized is entirely accidental.

     The universal symbol is one in which there is an inherent relationship between the symbol and the symbolized. Take, for instance, the symbol of fire. Fire gives us the impression of power, of energy, and of lightness. When we use fire as a symbol, we describe the inner experience characterized by the same elements the mood of energy, lightness, movement, etc.

     The universal symbol is the only one in which the relationship between the symbol and that which is symbolized is not coincidental (巧合的), but inherent. It can be called universal because it is shared by all men, in contrast not only to the accidental symbol, which is entirely personal, but also to the conventional symbol, which is shared by the people of the same convention.

                               Title.  71      

 

major points      72	74	Connections between Symbols and the Symbolized	79
Conventional  Symbols	t-a-b-l-e ↓ the thing  "table"	a flag ↓  75	77	people of the same convention
Accidental Symbols	76  ↓ joy or sadness	78	individual
73	Fire   ↓ power, energy, lightness	inherent connection	80

                                   

 

（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

    根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

51  The average American moves every five years．People drive straight into their garages, hire lawn services, hang out in their backyards instead of their front porches (前走廊)．These days, neighbors don't even know each other's names．

Good neighbors and good friends are a lot like electricity or running water52 

The surprising thing is that all it takes to strengthen your relationship with friends and

neighbors is respect for their feelings, concern for their property, and a helping hand when it's needed． 53 

First, be a true friend to people around you． 54  That is to say, A true friend is one who  stays true through it all –marriage, parenthood, new jobs, new homes, or even losses．That situations change doesn’t mean the person has to．

Besides, friendships fade away if there isn’t a balance between the give and the take． 55  Be sensitive to how much your friend can and can’t offer you ---time, energy, or help---and don’t step over the line．Remember: friendships that tire each other will not last．If a friendship is out of balance in this way, you’ll need to consider the situation．

A．Modern life is a lot less to the advantage of friendships and neighborliness than it used to be．

B．A friend in need is a friend indeed．

C．We don’t know how much we depend on them until we lose them．

D．Here’re two important ways to deepen your friendship with people around in your life．

E．A true friend doesn’t flee when changes come about．

F．Take your time, please．

G．So make sure you aren’t being a burden to your friends．

 

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白出的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.

1.The average American moves every five years.People drive straight into their garages,hire lawn services,hang out in their backyards instead of their front porches(前走廊).These days, neighbours don’t even know each other’s names.

Good neighbours and good friends are a lot like electricity or running water. 2.

The surprising thing is that all it takes to strengthen your relationship with friends and neighbours is respect for their feelings,concern for their property,and helping hand when it’s needed.3.

First,be a true friend to people around you.  4. That is to say,a true friend is one who stays true through it all---marriage,parenthood,new jobs,new homes,or even losses.That situations change doesn’t mean the person has to.

Besides,friendships fade away if there isn’t a balance between the give and the take.5.Be sensitive to how much your friend can and can’t offer you---time,energy,or help---and don’t step over the line.Remember:friendships that tire  each other will not last.If a friendship is out of balance in this way, you’ll need to consider the situation.

A．Modern life is a lot less to the advantage of friendships and neighborliness than it used to be.

B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.

C．We don’t know how much we depend on them until we lose them.

D．Here’re two important ways to deepen your friendship with people around in your life.

E.A true friend doesn’t flee when changes come about.

F.Take your time,please.

G.So make sure you aren’t being a burden to your friends.

 

Princeton University

Location

The University is in Princeton, New Jersey. It is an hour's train ride south of New York City and an hour's train ride north of Philadelphia.

Students

There are 4,600 undergraduates (本科生). There are also 1,900 post-graduate students, but Princeton is unusual among universities in having a student body made up largely of undergraduates.

 Faculty

Princeton has about 700 full-time faculty members (教员). There are another 300 or so part -time and visiting faculty. All faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.

Degrees

   Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees: the bachelor of arts (A.B.) degree and the bachelor of science in engineering (B.S.E.) degree.

Academic Year

An academic year runs from September to late May and lasts two terms (fall and spring). A normal course load is four or five courses per term, although many students take extra courses.

 Residences

Princeton provides housing for all undergraduate students. Freshmen and second-year students are required to spend their first two years in one of five colleges. Each college has its own dining hall, common rooms and computer centers.

Fees and Expenses (Academic Year 2004-2005)

    Tuition (学费): $29,910

    Room and board: $ 8,387

    Other expenses (books, telephone, etc.): $ 3,083

    Total: $ 41,380

1. How many kinds of faculty members are there in Princeton University?

   A. Four.                B. Three.               C. Two.          D. One

2.In Princeton University, an undergraduate will pay at least ________ for the Academic

Year 2004-2005 besides tuition.

   A.   $11,470           B. $ 52,850            C. $ 41,380     D. $ 8, 387

3. In what way is Princeton University different from other American universities       according to the text?

A. All the faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.

   B. It provides housing for all undergraduate students.

C. Its students are mainly undergraduates.

D. It has five colleges.

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. It's about an hour's train ride from Princeton University to the north of New York City.

B. Undergraduates should spend their first two years in one of five colleges.

C. An academic year lasts about nine months in Princeton University.

D. Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees.

 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。

Marriage is one of the most important experiences of a person’s life, but like any legal process, it can get complicated. In this article, we’ll look at some of the laws in the USA surrounding marriage, including age requirements and marriage licenses. We’ll also explore some of the many legal benefits of being married.

______1._______ Depending on where you live, there are rules governing who can get married and how a marriage license can be obtained.

Each state has its own laws regarding the age requirements to receive a license. _____2.____ In most states, both parties must be 18 years old in order to marry without their parents’ permission. However, in some states, with the parents’ permission, people as young as 12 years old can marry.

In order to have a legally-recognized marriage, a couple has to have a valid marriage license. ______3.______ The couple fills out an official application and then there’s a short waiting period, maybe a couple of hours or a few days before the license is issued. Usually when applying for a marriage license, official identification is required. _______4._______ After a couple gets married, a marriage certificate is proof that a marriage has taken place.

_______5._______ Many of them are also offered by private employers --- such as days-off for the birth of a child and family health insurance plans. Social scientists have also found many positive benefits for married couples and families, including fewer incidents of poverty and mental health problems.

A．The legal age to marry varies from state to state.

B．Some couples also have an agreement before getting married.

C．It can be a birth certificate or an ID card.

D．Different states have different laws in terms of marriage.

E. An application must be filled out in order to get a marriage license.

F. When applying for a marriage license the couple must appear together.

G.  Besides love and companionship, there are many benefits of marriage.