All penguins (企鹅) swim in cold waters and so need a good layer of insulation (隔离), some species come ashore in hot places.Humboldt penguins,for example,nest in arid hot - 40°C, deserts on the west coast of South America, while others survive the lowest temperatures of any animals.Male Emperor penguins,as we know, spend the Antarctic winters incubating eggs in temperatures that can fall below -70°C. The insulation is provided in layers, under the skin is a thick layer of fat, then there is a layer of downy feathers that trap air, and finally another layer of waterproof feathers that keep the cold water away from the skin. With all this insulation penguins have no problem keeping warm at temperatures down to about -10°C - although they have special adaptations of the circulatory system to keep their feet from freezing and to prevent much heat loss through the feet that are on the ice. At lower temperatures penguins have to huddle (蜷缩) together to keep warm. In such huddles the penguins gradually move from the hot interior to the cold outside so that every penguin has his turn in the middle and on the outside.
In hot climates, penguins suffer greatly from overheating. They use several strategies to lose heat. They puff up their feathers so that air can circulate to their skin; they hold their flippers（脚蹼）out from their bodies and pump hot blood to them so that they can act as radiators; they open their mouths and breathe to lose heat from their hot breath; and those species that live in hot climates also have several bare patches of skin around the eyes and feet, they send blood to these bare patches when they are hot - you can recognize a hot penguin since it will have pink eye patches and pink patches on its feet.
77. Which of the following are the ways for penguins to keep warm?
a. staying together in good social order 
b. several layers as radiators
c. a special circulatory system                    d. waterproof feathers
e. sending blood to bare patches
f. always staying in the middle
A. a, b, c                    B. a, c, d                    C. b, c, e                    D. c, d, f
78. The insulation consists of _______ layers.                                       
A. two                        B. three                      C. four                       D. five
79. The underlined "puff up" in the second paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A. breathe deeply         B. blow up                 C. hold tight               D. spread out
80. The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how penguins stay warm in cold places       B. that penguins are a clever animal
C. how penguins keep their temperature          D. why penguins can live a safe life

The most frightening words in the English language are, “Our computer is down.” You hear it more and more when you are on business. The other day I was at the airport waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said, “I’m sorry, I can’t sell you a ticket. Our computer is down.”
“If your computer is down, just write me out a ticket.”
“I can’t write you out a ticket. The computer is the only one allowed to do so.”
I looked down on the computer and every passenger was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen. Then I asked her, “What do all your people do?”
“We give the computer the information about your trip, and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not.”
“So when it goes down, you go down with it.”
“That’s good, sir.”
“How long will the computer be down?” I wanted to know.
“I have no idea. Sometimes it’s down for 10 minutes, sometimes for two hours. There’s no way we can find out without asking the computer, and since it’s down it won’t answer us.”
After the girl told me they had no backup computer, I said. “Let’s forget the computer. What about your planes? They’re still flying, aren’t they?”
“I couldn’t tell without asking the computer.”
“Maybe I could just go to the gate and ask the pilot if he’s flying to Washington, ” I suggested.
“I wouldn’t know what gate to send you to. Even if the pilot was going to Washington, he couldn’t take you if you didn’t have a ticket.”
“Is there any other airline flying to Washington within the next few hours?”
“I wouldn’t know, ” she said, pointing at the dark screen. “Only ‘IT’ knows. ‘It’ can’t tell me.”
By this time there were quite a few people standing in line. The word soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down. Some people went white, some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.
【小题1】The best title for the article is _______.

Artistic Skates
Artistic roller skates are made up of a leather boot, very strong sole plate, and a jump bar that adds extra force. The boot sits a few inches above the ankle, providing more support for the foot.
Jam Skates
Jam skates are the most different roller skates because of their special low-cut design and lack of toe stop. That’s right: there is no brake. But the original jam skate design was different, resembling an artistic skate. Jam skating is more about personal expression rather than speed skating. The free-flowing movements of jam skating have been given many names. But regardless of its name, jam skating has always been about expression and passion.
Speed Skates
A speed skate resembles a shoe. The cut of the boot is lower. Speed skates typically offer lightweight plates to reduce exhaustion for skating long distances. Jam skates have preferred speed skates because they offer a similar design and freedom of movement. The most obvious difference is that a speed skate features a toe stop, unlike a jam skate that uses a toe plug.
Rhythm Skates
Rhythm skates are similar to jam skates. The difference between them lies in the boot design. In fact, the boot design looks very similar to an artistic skate, essentially providing you with the ankle support benefits of an artistic skate, but the freedom of movement of a jam skate. If you want a skate that allows you to move to the beat, which added ankle support, the rhythm skate is the ideal choice.
【小题1】Which of the following is NOT a feature of jam skates?

How “Kangaroo” Became an Animal’s Name
Early in the 18th century, Captain Cook, a famous explorer of Australia, unexpectedly caught sight of an unusual animal during his first visit to Australia. The animal had a large mouth-like head and jumped along on its large legs. To his surprise, the unusual animal carried it’s young in a special pocket of flesh. Captain Cook pointed to the animal which was eating grass in the distance and asked his native guide what the animal was referred to. The guide seemed not to know what he was pointing at and finally said Kang-a-roo, which Cook carefully wrote down as the animal’s name in his word book. The Europeans who later got to Australia were anxious to see the unusual animal “Kang-a-roo”, but their requests met with puzzled looks of the native people. Before long they got to discover that the native guide who made the answer to Cook’s question really meant, “I don’t know what you are pointing at.” Funny enough, the name “Kang-a-roo” stuck and it is still in use today.
60. Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea?
A. Captain Cook’s guide had a sense of humour.
B. Native Australians could speak English in Cook’s time.
C. Some words have rather funny origins.
D. Captain Cook was a lover of wild animals.
61. The main use for the animal’s flesh pocket is to_______.
A. keep food               B. carry its babies
C. a long distance            D. store food and water
62. When the native guide said “Kang-a-roo” he really meant_______
A. “Ah, it is a special kind of animals.” 
B. “I wonder what you have said.”
C. “I have no idea of what you are pointing at.”
D. “What do you mean by pointing at that animal?”
63. The writer indirectly expresses that early in the 18th century_______
A. the native Australians and the Europeans explorers were not friendly to each other.
B. a common language was needed by the Europeans to communicate with the   native in Australia.
C. a great many Europeans showed great interest in Australia.
D. a war against the European invaders was a break out

C
A poor chimney-sweeper, who had not enough money to buy a meal, stopped one hot summer day at noon before an eating-house, and remained regaling his nose with the smell of the victuals．The master of the shop told him several times to go away, but the sweeper could not leave savory smell, though unable to purchase the taste of the food．At last the cook came out of the shop, and taking hold of the sweeper, declared that, as he had been feeding upon the smell of his victuals (food and drink), he should not go away without paying half the price of a dinner．The poor fellow said that he neither could nor would pay, and that he would ask the first person who should pass, whether it was not an unreasonable and unjust demand．
The case was referred to a policeman, who happened to pass at that moment．He said to the sweeper: “As you have been feasting one of your senses with the odor (smell) of this man’s meat, it is but just you should make him some recompense; therefore you shall, in your turn, regale (amuse) one of his senses, which seems to be more insatiable than your appetite．How much money have you?”
“I have but two pence in all the world, sir, and I must buy me some bread．”
“Never mind,” answered the officer, “take your two pence between your hands; now rattle (cause to make a lot of quick little noises)them loudly．”
The sweeper did so, and the officer, turning to the cook, said, “Now, sir, I think he has paid you: the smell of your victuals regaled his nostrils(openings at the end of the nose); the sound of his money has tickled your ears．”
This decision gave more satisfaction to the bystanders than to the cook, but it was the only payment he could obtain．
66．The sweeper stopped one hot summer day at noon before an eating-house, because _______ .
A．he wanted to regale his nose with the smell of the victuals
B．he was hungry and he wanted to have dinner
C．he was hungry but he had no enough money to buy a meal
D．he wanted to smell if the food was delicious．
67．The cook’s demand that the sweeper should pay half the price of a dinner was 
obviously _______ .
A．reasonable     B．not fair  C．logical   D．proper
68．We infer that the way that the policeman settled the problem was _______ .
A．foolish        B．kind      C．clever    D．stupid
69．The passage implied that _______ .
A．it’s a pity that the cook did not get what he wanted
B．the master of the shop and the cook were cool-hearted
C．the cook was cruel
D．the sweeper got what he wanted
70. Which is true according to the passage?
A. This story is arranged in order of time.
B. This story is arranged in order of place.
C. There were four people in the scene.
D. The case was judged by law.