Early people had very little effect on the environment. They lived in caves in very small ‘clan’groups. They collected or killed only enough for the clan’s survival. Early clans were nomadic, which means that they did not stay in one place. Instead, they moved around, following the animals that were their main food source and seeking areas where seasonal plants grew wild. Moving around seasonally helped to protect the environment. The land had time to recover and animals had time to breed (繁殖) before the clan returned for the next season.

    As time went by, these small family clans joined with others to form larger groups for protection. Joining with other clans gave them more hunters and more women to help cut up the meat and share it between families. Eventually , people tamed(驯养) wild animals such as dogs and horses. People settled around rivers and fertile plains to share responsibilities and duties. Then, people began to plant crops instead of moving to areas where the plants grew. This development changed the environment.

    Traditional forms of work also changed. Some people were better at performing a particular task than other clan members, so they began to specialize in things they were good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced.

     People began to communicate with distant tribes. Land was cleared for roads. Foreign plants and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before. Specialization also gave people more free time. So art, dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. This was how many great civilizations started.

     Compared to the past, modern civilization has experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists today. Populations have increased rapidly. Forests have been cleared for farms. Inventions and technology have made work easier.

     However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. As concerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and improve our environment.

64. Early tribes didn't have much effect on animal population because __         .

   A. they kept animals for themselves               B. they ate only vegetables

   C. they killed only enough for food                      D. they loved animals

65. The main purpose for small clans to join together was           .

   A. to hunt animals    B. to seek safety       C. to share caves          D. to protect environment

66. Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?

   A. Early people moved to new places looking for new sources of food.

   B. Modem civilization began when people started to live together in big groups.

   C. Modem advancements are always good for the environment.

   D. People began to exchange goods because they didn't have enough money.

67. It can be concluded from the passage that          .

   A. human progress has brought civilization to the society

   B. civilization has improved traditional forms of work

   C. our environment has been affected by human progress

   D. early people understood environmental protection

 Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20^th century. Besides his famous stories, he also wrote many influential articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.

     Born in 1881 in a wealthy family, Lu Xun had a happy childhood. In 1893, however, his grandfather, a senior government official, was put into prison for taking money. At the same time, his father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.

     By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899, he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern. In 1902 he went to study in Japan. There, he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines. He showed a gift for writing and translating and he even wrote several books, although none was popular. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money.

     After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.

     Although successful, Lu Xun still worried greatly about China’s future. In 1926, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories in order to devote himself to what he called “pen warfare”. He now only wrote articles which called on(号召) the people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books. He was forced to write his articles using false names.

Since his death in 1936, Lu Xun’s importance and influence have grown. Today, many of his writings are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions around the world.

41. Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage?

   A. The people he met in Japan.

   B. The experiences in his early life.

   C. Working as a teacher in Beijing.

   D. His father’s being put into prison.

42. According to the passage, why was Lu Xun’s story Diary of a Madmam so popular?

   A. It was based on Lu Xun’s diary.

   B. It was the first novel to use everyday language.

   C. Its story took place in modern times.

   D. It was written using a western style.

43. The underlined word “This” (Paragraph 4) refers to      .

   A. the success of Diary of a Madman

   B. the use of everyday language

   C. the first Chinese novel

   D. The True Story of Ah Q

44. After moving to Shanghai, Lu Xun mainly wrote       .

   A. funny stories

   B. articles about himself

   C. articles against the government

   D. stories about government officials

45. In what order did these events take place in Lu Xun’s life?

   a. The government stopped him from publishing books.

   b. He wrote Diary of a Madman.

   c. His father became ill.

   d. He moved to Shanghai.

   e. His writings were put into textbooks.

  A. c-a-b-d-e     B. c-b-d-a-e

  C. a-c-d-b-e     D. a-d-b-c-e

     Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20^th century. Besides his famous stories, he also wrote many influential articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.

     Born in 1881 in a wealthy family, Lu Xun had a happy childhood. In 1893, however, his grandfather, a senior government official, was put into prison for taking money. At the same time, his father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.

     By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899, he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern. In 1902 he went to study in Japan. There, he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines. He showed a gift for writing and translating and he even wrote several books, although none was popular. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money.

     After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.

     Although successful, Lu Xun still worried greatly about China’s future. In 1926, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories in order to devote himself to what he called “pen warfare”. He now only wrote articles which called on(号召) the people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books. He was forced to write his articles using false names.

Since his death in 1936, Lu Xun’s importance and influence have grown. Today, many of his writings are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions around the world.

41. Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage?

   A. The people he met in Japan.

   B. The experiences in his early life.

   C. Working as a teacher in Beijing.

   D. His father’s being put into prison.

42. According to the passage, why was Lu Xun’s story Diary of a Madmam so popular?

   A. It was based on Lu Xun’s diary.

   B. It was the first novel to use everyday language.

   C. Its story took place in modern times.

   D. It was written using a western style.

43. The underlined word “This” (Paragraph 4) refers to      .

   A. the success of Diary of a Madman

   B. the use of everyday language

   C. the first Chinese novel

   D. The True Story of Ah Q

44. After moving to Shanghai, Lu Xun mainly wrote       .

   A. funny stories

   B. articles about himself

   C. articles against the government

   D. stories about government officials

45. In what order did these events take place in Lu Xun’s life?

   a. The government stopped him from publishing books.

   b. He wrote Diary of a Madman.

   c. His father became ill.

   d. He moved to Shanghai.

   e. His writings were put into textbooks.

  A. c-a-b-d-e     B. c-b-d-a-e

  C. a-c-d-b-e     D. a-d-b-c-e

This year, the World Mental Health Day on Oct 10 was marked by the theme: “Depression: A Global Crisis”. According to the World Federation for Mental Health and the WHO, depression has moved beyond the medical domain(领域) to become a social problem. Statistics from the Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center show that of the 287,000 people who commit suicide in China every year, 70 percent are victims of depression.

“This equates to one depression victim taking their life every three minutes,” cited CCTV recently. According to the Beijing-based Capital Medical University, the number of depression patients has been on the rise in the past years and now accounts for 5 to 10 percent of the population, more than the global average of 5 percent.

Wang Shaoli, vice-president of Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, a medical center specializing in mental health, said that what makes depression so widespread is that everybody can get it.

“No one is immune to depression,” said Wang. “It has become a social problem because depression kills one’s social capabilities, such as communication, and leads to a negative social mentality.”

According to Wang, depression can be treated with medicine and early psychological consultation. The real problem is the lack of awareness surrounding the issue.

“People with mental health illnesses are discriminated against,” said Wang. “So they are reluctant to go to hospital and often keep the pain to themselves, which only makes matters worse.” Only one in 10 depression victims are properly treated in China, according to the Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center.

“When people get depressed, it becomes part of their thoughts, making them negative, even desperate,” said Wang. “And the ideas are difficult to change.” That’s why Wang suggests early intervention.

“Normally it takes about nine months to treat depression,” said Wang. “But in most cases, patients drop treatment half way when they feel some progress.”

1.How is Para1& 2 mainly supported when it tells that depression has become a social problem?

A．By giving data                          B．By making definition

C．By analyzing causes                      D．By making comparisons

2.According to the passage, which of the following are true EXCEPT________ ? 

A．people with depression are more likely to commit suicide.

B．the percentage of depression patients is larger in China than that in the world.

C．more and more people have been suffering from depression.

D．depression can destroy people’s immune system and social capabilities

3.People with mental illnesses are unwilling to go to hospital because __________.

A．the victims think that they will get well soon

B．they are discriminated against and don’t want others to know their illnesses

C．there are few medical centers specializing in mental health

D．there is no way to treat them

4.In Wang Shaoli’s opinion, the better way to deal with mental problem is to _________.

A．force the victims to go to hospital

B．keep their pain to themselves when it appears

C．keep positive and get early psychological consultation

D．more medical centers should be set up