NOTICE

CLEAN AND GREEN WEEK

The Social Studies Society and Library Club are working together to organize Clean and Green Week activities to encourage recycling.

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(A) BEST INVENTION COMPETITION

The competition is divided into two parts: Individual (个人) and Team. Each team should be made up of three members. The inventions must be made out of small or used materials.

PRIZES

OPEC Decides not to Increase Production 
Vienna－In spite of Iraq’s decision to stop oil deliveries ,the 11-nation Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OPEC) will not increase production to make up the shortfall , ministers decided Tuesday in Vienna .
The 11 oil ministers decided to meet again on July 3 to discuss the effects of the Iraq temporary stop .The organization’s president ,Chakib Khelil of Algeria ,said after the meeting that stocks were high and prices were stable ,so quota（配额） increases were not necessary .
The E.U. Commission has expressed concern about Iraq’s output stop .A speaker said OPEC had to take all possible measures to keep or lower the oil price .
Saudi Arabia’s Oil Minister Ali Al-Nuaimi had earlier said there would not be any shortage of oil in the market .The organization had already taken steps to fill the gap .he said .OPEC Secretary General Ali Rodriguez added that the period of the Iraq stopping exports was not known ,so other exporters were not going to lift quotas yet .If the market was destabilized （动摇的）,a suitable response could be made .
Iraq on Monday stopped shipments of crude oil to protest against the U.N. Security Council’s decision to extend the oil-for–food program by only a month , instead of the normal six-month renewal（延期）.
Just before the Vienna meeting , oil prices had gone up ,with a barrel of OPEC crude selling for 27.05 dollars ,up from 26.81 dollars last Friday .North sea oil was at 29.26 dollars Monday evening .
OPEC wants the oil price to stay within a margin of 22 to 28 dollars and achieved that with cuts in January and March that reduced 2.5 million barrels per day off quotas .
(Reports from SOHU English News HOMEPAGE (CHINESE) June 6 ,2001)
【小题1】．Iraq made the decision to stop oil deliveries because ____ .
A  oil price is too low in the international market
B the U.N.Security Council has decided to shorten the time for the oil-for-food programme 
C many oil wells were destroyed during the war in the late 1980s
D it couldn’t get enough money to develop its economy
【小题2】．The attitude the E.U. Commission took towards Iraq’s output stop is ___ .
A  active      B concerned      C cold      D surprising
【小题3】“The organization ”here refers to _____ .
A OPEC       B  the E.U. Commission     C  the U.N. Security     D WHO
【小题4】．The main idea of the passage is ____ .
A the oil prices in the world were stable though Iraq had stopped oil deliveries  
B OPEC wants the oil price to stay within a margin of 22 to 28 dollars
C OPEC will not increase oil production to make up the shortfall that is caused by Iraq .
D  oil is connected with people’s daily life
【小题5】．The 11 oil ministers decided to meet on July 3 so that ____ .
A they can persuade Iraq to continue oil production 
B they can have a discussion about the effects of Iraq’s temporary oil stop
C  they can have a talk with the U.N. Security Council
D they can make up their minds to increase oil production 

Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.

Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露）to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物）were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” (良好）quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.

The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.

1.The text mainly discusses the relationship between        .

A．heart problems and air quality

B．heart problems and exercising

C．heart problems and smoking

D．heart problems and fatty food

2.The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means.

A．relatively high                          B．extremely low

C．relatively low                          D．extremely high

3. What can we learn from the text? 

A．Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.

B．The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.

C．Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,

D．Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.

We all have to give gifts during the year. No matter what the occasion is, birthday, holiday or a special event, we make it a point to show we care by buying something nice for that special person. Well, the waste created by gift giving can really add up in the trash. Keep in mind that there are several ways that you can cut down on the remaining waste next time you buy that special someone a gift. w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

Make sure that your gift will be used. It’s almost impossible to make sure that the receiver will find your gift to their liking, but if you do your homework, you can be as sure as possible. Consider a gift wish list or just ask them, if you’re really not sure. It may cut down on the surprise, but if they give you a list of two or three things that they’d truly appreciate, then you can shop with the confidence that it won’t end up in the garbage five miuntes after it’s opened. w w w.k s 5 u.c o m

When you buy a gift, make sure that it’s as ecofriendly(有利于生态的) as possible. Buy hemp(麻布) clothing, or products made with natural dyes(染料). w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

Give the gift of donation. If you have no idea what to buy, then consider making a donation to a charity. Take into consideration their interests and passions and donate in their name.

Make it or bake it. Give something that can be eaten or can be used, like some homemade vinegar or cookies. Homemade candles are very popular and can be made to be more eco-friendly than store-bought ones.

Give a gift of your time. Offer babysitting services or a day of housecleanin g. Most people would appreciate a little lessening of stress or responsibility on any given day.

Wrap(包装) with care. The paper products you use for gift wrap should be recycled at the very least. Gift bags can be found made from recycled materials and can be reused over and over again for many gift giving occasions.

According to Paragraph 2, when you need to give somebody a gift, you’d better_______. A．prepare a special one              B．find out what they like in advance

C．finish your school homework first   D．shop for the gift confidently

By saying “It may cut down on the surprise” in Paragraph 2, the author probably means_______.

A．your gift may be a big surprise to the receiver w w w.k s 5 u.c o m

B．the receiver will open the gift with surprise

C．the gift will cost you much less money

D．the receiver will be less surprised at your gift

Which of the following ways of gift giving will the author most probably agree with?

A．Helping to clean the house.

B．Wrapping a gift with thin paper.

C．Donating something to a charity in your name.

D．Buying a beautiful plastic toy.

Who are probably interested in reading the passage? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

A．Those who like to go shopping every day.

B．Those who like to give eco-friendly gifts. w w w.k s 5 u.c o m

C．Those who have little money to buy gifts.

D．Those who manage a gift shop.

The economic growth that many nations in Asia and increasingly Africa have experienced over the past couple of decades has transformed hundreds of millions of lives – almost entirely for the better. But there’s a byproduct to that growth, one that’s evident – or sometimes less than evident – in the smoggy, smelly skies above cities like Beijing, New Delhi and Jakarta. Thanks to new cars and power plants, air pollution is bad and getting worse in much of the world, and it’s taking a major toll (伤亡人数，代价) on global health.

How big? According to a new analysis published in the Lancet, more than 3.2 million people suffered deaths from air pollution in 2010, the largest number on record. That’s up from 800,000 in 2000. And it’s a regional problem: 65% of those deaths occurred in Asia, where the air is choked by diesel soot (内燃发动机烟雾) from cars and trucks, as well as the song from power plants and the dust from endless urban construction. In East Asia and China, 1.2 million people died, as well as another 712,000 in South Asia, including India. For the first time ever, air pollution is on the world’s top – 10 list of killers, and it’s moving up the ranks faster than any other factor.

So how can air pollution be so damaging? It is the very finest soot – so small that it roots deep within the lungs and then enters the bloodstream – that contributes to most of the public – health toll of air pollution including death. Diesel soot, which can also cause cancer, is a major problem because it is concentrated in cities along transportation zones affecting overpopulated areas. It is thought to contribute to half the deaths from air pollution in urban centers. Fro example, 1 in 6 people in the U.S. live near a diesel – pollution hot spot like a rail yard, port terminal or freeway.

We also know that air pollution may be linked to other non – deadly diseases. Fortunately in the U.S. and other developed nations, urban air is for the most part cleaner than it was 30 or 40 years ago, thanks to regulations and new technologies like the catalytic converters (催化式排气净化器) that reduce automobile emissions. Govemments are also pushing to make air cleaner – see the White House’s move last week to further tighten soot standards. It’s not perfect, but we’ve had much more success dealing with air pollution than climate change.

Will developing nations like India eventually catch up? Hopefully – though the problem may get worse before it gets better. The good news is that it doesn’t take a major technological advance to improve urban air. Switching from diesel fuel to unleaded (无铅燃油) helps, as do newer and cleaner cars which are less likely to send out pollutants. Power plants – even ones that burn mineral fuels like coal – can be fitted with pollution – control equipment that, at a price, will greatly reduce smog and other pollutants.

But the best solutions may involve urban design. In the Guardian, John Vidal notes that Delhi now has 200 cars per 1,000 people, far more than much richer Asian cities like Hong Kong and Singapore. Developing cities will almost certainly see an increase in car ownership as residents become wealthier – and that doesn’t have to mean deadly air pollution. Higher incomes should also lead to tougher environmental regulations, which is exactly what happened in the West. We can only hope it happens before the death toll from bad air gets even higher.

1.What tends to give rise to the highest death toll according to the passage?

A．The lack of tight environmental protection standards.

B．The increasing numbers of the diesel cars and trucks.

C．The frighteningly high death rate from deadly cancer.

D．The world’s serious air pollution such as soot and dust.

2.The “byproduct” (Paragraph 1) most probably refers to     .

A．consequence      B．solution       C．reform         D．design

3.The basic reason why so many people die from air pollution is that       .

A．the diesel soot is too small to be seen

B．the diesel soot is much too poisonous to breathe

C．the diesel soot roots in lungs and gets into blood

D．the diesel soot can also contribute to deadly cancer

4.According to the passage, the writer actually wants to convince the readers that        .

A．the global economic growth is mainly to blame for air pollution and climate change

B．the developing countries are repeating the same mistakes as the developed ones made

C．the ecological situation and air pollution in India are becoming worse and worse

D．the unbeatable air is increasingly becoming a major killer throughout the world

5.By describing urban design as “the best solution” in the last paragraph, the writer means that        .

A．the making of tougher environmental regulations alone is of little use

B．more sever regulations should be made to handle air pollution

C．the urban construction in western developed countries is the best choice

D．the pace of development has to be slowed down to reduce air pollution