题目列表(包括答案和解析)
The passengers on the bus watched sympathetically as the attractive young woman with the white cane（杖，手杖） made her way carefully up the steps. She 36 the driver and, using her hands to feel the 37 of the seats, walked down and found the 38 which the driver had told her was empty. Then she settled in.
It had been a year since Mary, 34, 39 a medical misdiagnosis (误诊), was suddenly thrown into a world of 40 . Mark, her husband, was an Air Force officer and he loved Mary with all his heart. He 41 her how to rely on her other 42 , specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and 43 to adapt herself to the new environment. He helped her befriend（友好对待） the bus drivers who could 44 for her, and save her a seat.
45 , Mary decided that she was ready to try the 46 on her own. Monday morning, she said good-bye and for the first time, they went their 47 ways.
On Friday morning, Mary took the bus to work as usual. As she was 48 the bus, the driver said, “Boy, I 49 envy you.” Mary had no 50 what the driver was talking about, and asked, “What do you 51 ?”
The driver answered, “You know, every morning for the 52 week, a fine-looking gentleman 53 a military uniform has been standing across the corner 54 you as you get off the bus. He 55 you cross the street safely and he watches until you enter your office building. You are one lucky lady.”
Tears of gratitude poured down Mary’s cheeks.
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Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.
Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.”
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”
No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.
B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C. The process of discovering DNA.
D. The race between two teams of scientists.
2.Watson was angry with Franklin because she .
A．took the lead in the competition B．kept her results from him
C．proved some of his findings wrong D．shared her data with other scientists
3.Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”?
A. She developed pictures in dark labs.
B. She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA.
C. Her name was forgotten after her death.
D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.
4.What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
A．Disapproving. B．Respectful. C． Admiring. D．Doubtful.
完型填空（共20小题,每小题1． 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。
My mother attended college during the day while my sister was in school and I was in daycare．One day at daycare I 36 a tired mother attempt to 37 her daughter．The mother refused her little girl's request to go to McDonalds for dinner and the daughter immediately 38 over the floor, kicking and screaming, "I want to go to McDonalds．"_39_her mother tried stopped her crying．Finally her mother gave in, the girl stopped crying and they left．To say I was amazed would be 40 ,I was delighted that 41 I wanted could be got in the same way．
That day my mother picked me up early from daycare 42 we were collecting our - Christmas shopping．As we walked through the toy section, I saw a 43 I had to have．It was a white and red telephone whose bells 44 as it was pulled along on a string．
45 lovingly at my mother, I asked, "Mama, 46 I have that telephone?" She replied, "Not now, but if you are a good girl maybe Santa will bring it to you．" As I insisted, her eyes narrowed and her hand 47 on mine．
By now we were standing in the long line, and I figured it was _48_．I lay down on the ground and began screaming．"I want that telephone．" Tired Christmas shoppers looked as my mother 49 said, "Becky, you 'd better get up by the count of three 50 ．"
Nothing happened．So then she lay 51 me on the floor, and began kicking and screaming, "I want a new car, I want a new house, I want some jewelry, I want…" _52_ , I stood up．
"Mama, stop．Mama, get up," I 53 said．
She stood, and 54 herself off．At first astonished, the others waiting in line began to clap．And as they were leaving, they said with a smile, "Your mom got your good．I bet you'll never try that again．"
And I didn't, because it left a lasting mental picture more effective than any 55 _ mark．
1.A．looked B．found C．observed D．watched
2.．A．pick up B．hold up C．make up D．hang up
3.．A．knocked B．fell C．came D．took
4.．A．Anything B．Something C．Nothing D．Everything
5.A．enough B．abrupt C．impossible D．inaccurate
6.A．however B．whenever C．whatever D．whichever
7.A．where B．because C．though D．after
8.A．toy B．bell C．ring D．doll
9.A．hung B．burst C．stayed D．rang
10.A．Looking up B．Holding up C．Carrying on D．Going through
11.A．must B．can't C．shall D．will
12.A．tended B．accumulated C．tightened D．approved
13.A．more or less B．again and again C．now and then D．now or never
14.A．calmly B．angrily C．anxiously D．disappointedly
15.A．at length B．and so on C．or something D．or else
16.．A．beside B．against C．besides D．over
17.A．Shocked B．Excited C．Angry D．Amused
18.A．excitedly B．tearfully C．smilingly D．jokingly
19.A．lift B．polished C．breathed D．brushed
20.A．arbitrary B．worthy C．physical D．Necessary
I clearly remember my mom telling me to drink milk every day—one glass in the morning and another at night. I also remember loving it while my sister thought quite the opposite—she would surreptitiously pour her milk into the sink or water the plants with it! I guess I should thank my mom for making us drink a lot of milk, so rich in calcium(钙), during those important years.
Today, calcium shortage is one of the main concerns of women in their 30s or even early 20s. The great fear is that when we reach our 50s or 60s, osteoprosis(骨质疏松症)will set in. That is why you can see a lot of advertisements for products supposedly containing a lot of calcium.
Because calcium is not that easy to acquire from the food we normally eat, busy women these days should take calcium supplements(补充物). There are a lot of different forms of these---calcium carbonate(碳酸钙)，oyster(牡蛎)shell or bone-meal-based calcium supplements.
You have to be careful when choosing which kind to take. This is because calcium is not easily absorbed by the body. So the fact that you are taking supplements doesn’t mean that the body is actually benefiting from them. Different supplements may have different instructions on dosage(剂量)and manner of intake. You can ask your doctor to help you determine which supplement is the best for your needs.
From what the author’s mother did we may infer that___________________.
A. her children had osteoporosis
B. she knew her children would benefit from milk
C. she must have suffered from osteorosis
D. she didn’t like her daughter who didn’t obey her order
Based on the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. The author’s sister will suffer from osteoprosis when reaches her 50s or 60s
B. Many businessmen have already been selling products supposedly containing calcium.
C. We can’t get enough calcium only from food we eat every day
D. Women as young as their 20s should be concerned about calcium shortage
What does the underlined word “surreptitiously” in the first paragraph probably mean?
A. Honestly B. Frankly C. Secretly D. Curiously
We may infer from the last paragraph that____________________.
A. what one chooses as a calcium supplement might not work
B. one shouldn’t take in calcium without the permission of a doctor
C. the more calcium supplements one uses, the more calcium one can take in
D. it is dangerous to use calcium supplements without the guidance
She didn’t come to the party last Sunday. _______, she must have made the party more exciting.
A．If she came B．Would she come
C．Had she come D．Did she come
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