Museums in Germany

Germany is one of the most important countries in Europe. You can visit many museums in Germany and learn about the country, its culture and people.

If you are interested in learning about the history of the country, then you can have a look at the displays in the wonderful museum in the Roman Open Air Museum in Hechingen Stein. This museum, with its large numbers of artifacts (手工艺品) like paintings, pieces of pottery, tools, jewelry and other items, provides a complete picture of Roman history in Germany. The museum is built inside an ancient Roman house called “Villa Rustica”.

Apart from this, another German museum that is worth visiting is the DB Museum, or the German Railway Museum. It is the oldest railway museum in the country, and it offers a comprehensive insight into the history of the railways in Germany. Here, you can see models of trains and engines from an ancient era. If this interests you, you can also visit the Museum of Communication, where you can learn a lot about the transport in Germany. It is a great place to visit with your family.

Another famous museum in Germany, where you can learn a lot about the culture, is the Gutenberg Museum. This museum is filled with ancient memorabilia and artifacts that deal with the history of printing, not only of Germany, but of the whole world. This, in fact, is the oldest printing museum in the world. Amongst the many displays of interesting objects, the most famous is the second Gutenberg Bible. Apart from the museums mentioned above, other museums that are worth visiting include the German Leather Museum, Kingspor Museum, Optical Museum Jena, Deutsches Museums and others. Each of the museums in Germany deals with a different theme.

You can visit the museums in Germany with your family and have a good time looking at the displays.

1.Which of the following is not displayed in the Roman Open Air Museum?

A．Pieces of pottery.   B．Jewelry.           C．Paintings.          D．Models of trains.

2.What can we learn about the German Railway Museum?

A．It is the oldest railway museum in Europe.

B．It covers the history of the railways in Germany.

C．It offers information about the transport in Germany.

D．It is built inside an ancient Roman house.

3.If you want to learn about the history of Germany, you can go to the _______.

A．Roman Open Air Museum                 B．Kingspor Museum

C．Optical Museum Jena                    D．Deutsches Museums

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A．To attract more visitors to the museums.

B．To act as an introduction to the history of Germany.

C．To make Germany more popular.

D．To call on people to do something for the museums.

At one time it was the dream of many little girls to become a nurse. Today, however, America is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I. Recently about 2,000,000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages, large enough to threaten the quality of care provided. The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing field.

What has become of these women in white? The answer lies in not one but several causes. One possibility is the fact that women have greater career options. In the past, women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices: nursing or teaching. Today, more women than ever are in the workforce, but their options have greatly increased. There are women doctors, lawyers, firefighters and police officers. In fact, women today are found in nearly every field of work. Nursing has been left behind, as women move on to jobs with higher pay and greater status. A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as“merely a nurse”. Teachers many be also at fault. Many high school students are actually away from nursing, told by teachers that they are“too bright to be a nurse”.

Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention. In fact, the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years. Obviously a larger population requires more nurses. AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care. Usually fatal (致命的) diseases mean long hospital stay, that is to say, more nurses are needed to care for these patients. It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years.

1.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A. How nurses have been looked down upon.

B. Why women have chosen many different jobs.

C. What has caused nurse shortage.

D. How teachers have influenced their students.

2.The Passage tells that high school teachers are at fault for       .

A. not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the US

B. introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their students

C. not asking the government to raise the nurses’ payment

D. persuading the students not to be nurses

3.The author writes the Passage in order to         .

A. describe the unequal treatment of women in the US

B. warn people to pay more attention to the nursing problem

C. tell us women’s free choices of jobs today

D. call on women to choose different kinds of jobs

4.It can be inferred from the Passage that        .

A. high school students think themselves too bright to be nurses

B. women in the US have greater career choices than those in other countries

C. of all the hospitals in the world 60 percent more nurses are badly needed

D. nursing used to be a popular job among women

请根据下面需要志愿帮助的信息，找出能够为他们提供帮助的援助者。
A. Suppose World Cup will be held in Bejing and many people from other countries will come to visit China. The taxi drivers in Dongfeng Taxi Company think the way to show kindness is to be able to greet the foreigners in their languages. They need someone who can teach them languages and the best time is at night when they are not so busy.
B. Tim is so addicted to on-line games that he cannot concentrate on his study like before. Now he often misses school in order to play games, thus telling lies to his teachers and parents again and again, though he realizes what he does is wrong, he just can’t stop it. How badly he needs someone’s help.
C. Marie, a 44-year-old single mother of three, has to walk two miles to the nearest supermarket twice a week because she doesn’t know which bus to take. What’s worse, since she does not know words, she can not write out a shopping list. Also, she can only recognize items by sight, so if the product has a different label, she will not recognize it as the product she wants.
D. “ Help hand” organization will hold an event to help the starving children in Africa. The even starts in August and those taking part in will go without food for 30 hours. In this way, it is expected that money will be raised for the poor children.
E. “ Green Earth” cares a lot for the animals in danger. Still many people in the world don’t know much about the importance of animal protecting. This summer vacation a lot of events will be organized to call on people to live in harmony with our earth.
F. A group of young children in a remote village in southwest China are in great need of teachers. Because of the low salary, any teachers came and then went. The villagers hope to have a teacher who can stay for at least a year, because they know knowledge can make a different to the children’s future.
请阅读下列五个援助者的基本情况， 然后匹配相关信息：
【小题1】 Stephen: Last summer I went through a training program and became a literacy volunteer. When I began to discover what other people’s lives were like because they could not read, I realized the true importance of reading.
【小题2】 Ben: After graduation, I don’t want to apply a job at once. I plan to spare one year to help those who need help most and try my best to improve their lives.
【小题3】 Susan: I am a girl from England and has studied French for years. I am here in Beijing University studying Chinese. I hope the voluntary work will help me to get in touch with Chinese people and get to know about China. Although my study is busy, I can be free at night and at the weekends.
【小题4】 Tom: Since I myself have overcome a lot of difficulties in my life, I understand young people’s problems and I know how to listen patiently to others and offer some advice. I am working now in the daytime so I can only spend two to three hours a day at night to help others.
【小题5】Liza: I burst into tears when I saw the programme. What a bad sight! They are only bone and skin left. They are dying. I realized how lucky I am with enough food and a good chance to get education. The summer vacation is coming and I hope I can do something for them.
提供援助者                        接受援助者
1. Stephen                            A
2. Ben                               B
3. Susan                              C
4. Tom                               D
5. Liza                               E
Choose the most suitable heading from A – F for each paragraph.

短文改错（满分10分）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在下面加上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

One Saturday afternoon, Li Hua and Wang Ping, members from “Green Eyes”, was having an environmental protection activity near the riverside when they catch sight of a bird on the ground． They picked it out and found it wounded． Thinking it might die without timely help, they took it to home． They made a nest for it but fed it with rice and water． Under their treatment and care, the lucky birds got recovered soon． When time came for them fly the bird back to nature, they felt a bit pity but very delighting．
I think it’s worthwhile for him to do such a thing． Here I call on the public to show respect to nature． Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along good with it．

Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new 47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the city’s poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.
Fox Point is operated by Palladia, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy people. Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers.
ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.
Michael. Bloomberg, New York's mayor plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for 500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused by housing. So he recently announced that the city’s Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the city’s supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECP’s green standards.
Similar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New York’s DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.
【小题1】What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph?

A． To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.

B． To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.

C． To show how the environment-friendly building works.

D． To compare old and new boiler rooms.