第三部分  阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It seems like every little girl dreams of becoming a model. They want to be thin and pretty like the models they see on television and in magazines. Often the desire becomes an obsession (无法摆脱的思想) and young girls see “thinness” as being a needed characteristic. The obsession of many young girls over their appearance or weight has led to a growing number of people developing an eating disorder.

Eating disorders are a serious health problem. Three of the most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating or compulsive eating disorder. According to Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders, a person with anorexia “refuses to maintain normal body weight for age and height” and “weighs 85 percent or less than what is expected for age and height.” A person diagnosed with bulimia has several ways of getting rid of the calories such as binge eating, vomiting, laxative misuse, exercising, or fasting. The person might have a normal weight for their age and height unless anorexia is present. The signs of a compulsive eater include eating meals frequently, rapidly, and secretly. This person might also snack and nibble all day long.

There are many reasons that can contribute to the cause of eating disorders. One of the main reasons seems to be the obsession over every little pound a person is wearing. 

There are other possible causes to this widely known health problem. Everyone has the desire to look like the actors and actresses they watch on TV or in magazines but, in reality, it just will not happen for most of us.

An unfavorable relationship a person has with others is also a contributing factor to disordered eating habits. The world is so competitive that any mention from parents, peers, significant others, or co-workers about a person’s weight or appearance can lead to the start of an eating disorder.

There really is no single reason why a person acquires an eating disorder.  Many factors are considered when making a diagnosis for a person with this problem. Causes like the ones mentioned above play such an important role in eating disorders. Is it really so important that in order to look like the super models people are willing to give up food and starve themselves to death for a little satisfaction on the outside? The look of a person on the inside is what really matters.

1. This text is mainly about _______.

       A. how girls lose weight quickly                            B. why girls dream to be models    

C. how teenagers control their weight                      D. why a person acquires eating disorder

2. If a person doesn’t have a normal weight, she might have developed _______.

       A. binge eating                                                      B. bulimia nervosa

C. anorexia nervosa                                                            D. compulsive eating disorder

3. The underlined word “unfavorable” most probably means _______.

       A. harmonious           B. poor                          C. healthy                      D. special

4. What is author’s attitude towards the phenomenon?

       A. Inner beauty is really important.

B. All girls should dream to be models.

C. People needn’t take eating disorder seriously.

D. It is worth to starve for satisfaction on the outside.

 

Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. “It’s a well-known pattern,” said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. “Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework.”

   He points out that differences among households (家庭) exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. “And the situation gets worse for women when they have children.” Stafford said.

   Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005.

   Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours, while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most – about 21 hours a week.

   Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men.

   Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children , for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands’ 10 hours.

1. How many hours of housework did men do every week in the 1970s?

   A. About 28       B. About 26      C. About 13       D. About 6

2.What kind of man is doing most housework according to the text?

   A. An unmarried man.                           B. An older married man.

   C. A younger married man.                       D. A married man with children.

3.What can we conclude from Stafford’s research?

   A. Marriage gives men more freedom.             

   B. Marriage has effects on job choices.

   C. Housework sharing changes over time.      

D. Having children means doubled housework.

4.According to the “well-known pattern” in Paragraph 1, a married man ________.

   A. takes on heavier work                        B. does more housework

   C. is the main breadwinner                       D. is the master of the house

 

Sometimes, people are required to fill in personal information when they register online, which may lead to some unexpected trouble. Recently, the BBC is reporting that a 17-year-old girl in Australia posted a(n)  36  of her grandmother at home counting a large sum of cash that she   37   hidden in the house. Just eight hours later, two armed men   38  the girl’s house. They demanded to speak to her to find out where the grandmother’s house was,   39  they could get the money they had seen.    40  , the girl was not home at the time, so the robbers   41  a small amount of cash from the mother and left.

Because the   42  is still under investigation, local police aren’t saying   43  else about it. It’s not known yet whether the girl had used privacy setting on the Facebook profile page, and even whether the robbers   44  the girl in the past.

Two other   45  were at home then, a 58-year-old man and a 14-year-old boy, the girl’s father and brother. Luckily, no one was   46  . The robbers left peacefully after   47  that the girl was not home and that no one else there knew anything about the   48  that had appeared in the photo.

Police in both Britain and Australia are using the case to  49  citizens of the dangers of posting personal information on social networks and to suggest users of websites   50   doing so. The police say it is   51   that the girl posted a comment in the past that gave clues to the address,    52  that the robbers knew the girl in another way.    53  , they suggest, a posting by a friend on their site could have    54  such information. To find it, the robbers would only have had to search for those posting on other pages that   55  the girl’s name.

1.                A．picture         B．story           C．blog D．video

 

2.                A．kept           B．made          C．let   D．got

 

3.                A．knocked at      B．looked at        C．broke into D．ran into

 

4.                A．even if         B．so that          C．as soon as D．in case

 

5.                A．Usually         B．Suddenly        C．Fortunately    D．Finally

 

6.                A．spent          B．left            C．asked    D．took

 

7.                A．robber         B．family          C．case D．girl

 

8.                A．few            B．many           C．little D．much

 

9.                A．ignored        B．knew           C．remembered  D．followed

 

10.               A．members       B．adults          C．characters D．neighbors

 

11.               A．escaped        B．harmed        C．killed D．buried

 

12.               A．showing        B．realizing        C．discovering D．recognizing

 

13.               A．cash           B．grandmother    C．house D．website

 

14.               A．inform         B．accuse         C．rob   D．warn

 

15.               A．enjoy          B．stop           C．keep D．consider

 

16.               A．possible        B．important       C．necessary  D．strange

 

17.               A．so             B．or             C．and  D．but

 

18.               A．Besides        B．However       C．Therefore D．Instead

 

19.               A．taken up        B．set up          C．put away  D．given away

 

20.               A．included        B．drew          C．contained  D．attracted

 

 

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares（噩梦）.

Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly wipe out, the effect of painful memories.

In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing (释放) chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are wiped out. They are not sure to what degree people’s memories are affected.

The research has caused a great deal of argument（争议）. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.

"Some memories can ruin people's lives. They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."

But those who are against the research say that maybe the pills can change people’s memories and changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.

"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were terrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we want to wipe those memories out, "said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.

1. The passage is mainly about               .

A. a new medical invention              B. a new research on the pill

C. a way of wiping out painful memories D. an argument about the research on the pill

2.The drug tested on people can            .

A. cause the brain to fix memories          B. stop people remembering bad experiences

 C. stop body producing certain chemicals   D. wipe out the emotional effects of memories

3.We can infer from the passage that            .

A. people doubt the effects of the pills       

B. the pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories

C. taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health

D. the pill has already been produced and used by the public in America

4.Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with in the last paragraph ?

A. some memories can ruin people's lives.          

B. people want to get rid of bad memories.

C. experiencing bad events makes us different from others.

D. the pill will reduce people's sufferings from bad memories.

5.You may probably read the passage in a __________

A. guidebook   B. medical magazine      C. textbook   D. science fiction

 

 

L1PITOR

ABOUT LIPITOR   Lipitor is a prescription medicine．Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，’ cholesterol(胆固醇)in your blood．It can also raise “good'’ cholesterol.   Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors， including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.

WHO IS LIPITOR FOR? Who can take LIPITOR： ．People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise ·  Adults and children over l0  Who should NOT take LIPITOR： ．Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm   your unborn baby. ．women who are breast-feeding．Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm   your baby. ·  People with liver(肝脏)problems

POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR  Serious side effects in a small number of people： ．Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failure ．Liver problems．Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start   Lipitor and while you are taking it． Call your doctor right away if you have： ．Unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very fired ．Swelling of the face，lips，tongue，and／or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or   swallowing ·  Stomach pain  Some common side effects of LIPITOR are： ·  Muscle pain ·  Upset stomach ·  Changes in some blood tests

 

HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR  DO： ．Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor. ．Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor. ．Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food. ．If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.But if it has been more than   12 hours since your missed dose，wait．Take the next dose at your regular time. Don’t： ．Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor. ．Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.

 

1.What is a major function of Lipitor?

A. To help quit smoking.

     B. To control blood pressure.

C. To improve unhealthy diet.

D. To lower "bad" cholesterol.                                                      

2.Taking Lipitor is helpful for              .

A. breast-feeding women

     B. women who are pregnant

C. adults having heart disease

D. teenagers with liver problems．                                            

3.If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should         

     A. change the amount of your next dose         B. eat more when taking your next dose

C. have a dose as soon as you remember         D. take the next dose at your regular time 

4.Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?

A. Face swelling.                          B. Upset stomach.

C. Kidney failure.                         D. Muscle weakness.                      

5.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery.   

B. To present a report on a scientific research.

C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.

D. To give information about a kind of medicine.