How much paper do you use every year? Maybe you can’t answer this question quickly. In 1900 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for each person in a year. Now some countries use 50 kilograms of paper for each person in a year. But countries like America, England and Sweden certainly use more paper than other countries.

   Paper was first made in China about 2000 years ago. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants. Paper was not made in southern Europe until about the year 1100. In 1500, a German named Schaeffer found out that one could make the best paper from trees. After that the forest countries of Canada, Sweden, America, Finland became the most important ones in paper making.

   When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books and writing paper. But there are many other uses. Only half of the paper is used for books and things like that. Paper is very good for keeping you warm. Houses are often insulated(使绝缘, 隔离 ) with paper. You may see some men asleep on a large number of newspapers. They’re insulating themselves from the cold. In Finland the temperature is sometimes -40 centigrade (C). The farmers wear paper boots in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.

   Each year more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables and even beds can be made of paper. With paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses and paper raincoats. When you have used them away and buy new ones. People have made paper boats, but they haven’t made paper planes or cars. Just wait they perhaps will.

How much paper does each person use in a year in some countries now?

A. One kilogram   B. Fifteen kilograms  C. Fifty kilograms  D. Forty kilograms

______ use more paper than other countries.

A. Sweden   B. America   C. England    D.  A, B and C

When was paper first made in southern Europe?

A. 2000 years ago  B. In 1100  C. In 1500  D. In 1900

Why do farmers in Finland wear paper boots in the snow?

A. Because they are so poor that they can buy only paper boots

B. Because there are no other kinds of boots there

C. Because paper boots are warmer than anything else there

D. Because paper boots are so nice that they don’t like other kinds

What should the best title of passage be?

A. Paper and Its Uses                 B. Paper and Its History

C. Paper Was First Made in China       D. How Much Paper Is Used in A Year

How much can environment affect intelligence? In one study, striking increases in IQ occurred in 25 children who were moved from an orphanage(孤儿院) to more stimulating（使人兴奋的，使人振奋的） environments．The children, who were all considered mentally retarded and unadoptable, were moved to an institution where they received personal attention from adults．Later, these supposedly retarded children were adopted by parents who gave them love, a family ,and a stimulating home environment．The children gained an average of 29 IQ points．For one child, the increase was an amazing 58 points．A second group of initially less "retarded" children, who stayed in the orphanage, lost an average of 26 IQ points.

    Other encouraging results can be found in early childhood education programs, which provide stimulating intellectual experiences for disadvantaged children．In one study, children from low-income families were given enriched environments from early infancy(婴儿期) through preschool．By age 2 their IQ scores were already higher than those in a control group．More important, they were still 5 points higher seven years later．High-quality enrichment programs such as Head Start can prevent children from falling behind in school.

    A particularly striking environmental effect is the fact that 14 nations have shown average IQ gains of from 5 to 25 points during the last 30 years．These IQ boosts, averaging 15 points, occurred in far too short a time for genetics to explain them．It is more likely that the gains reflect environmental forces, such as improved education, nutrition, and living in a technologically complex society.

What's the main idea of this passage

    A．Retarded children cannot improve their IQ's.

    B．Orphanages are full of mentally retarded children.

    C．Environmental factors influence a child's IQ.

    D．Early childhood education programs are important.

The author is in favor of _____________ according to the passage.

    A．putting retarded children into institutions

    B．providing early childhood education programs

    C．keeping children in orphanages

    D．keeping retarded children with others like themselves

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an environmental factor that affects IQ       .

    A．Good nutrition．     B．Improved technology.

    C．Better education．       D．Food pollution.

What can we conclude from the passage ?

    A．Attention from parents has little effect on a child's IQ.

    B．Head Start programs are a waste of money.

    C．Increases in IQ have happened in the US more rapidly than elsewhere.

    D．Genetics are less important than environment in gaining one's IQ.

How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on_________he goes with，whether his friends or relatives．

   A．what    B．who    C．how   D．why

How much can environment affect intelligence? In one study, striking increases in IQ occurred in 25 children who were moved from an orphanage(孤儿院) to more stimulating（使人兴奋的，使人振奋的） environments．The children, who were all considered mentally retarded and unadoptable, were moved to an institution where they received personal attention from adults．Later, these supposedly retarded children were adopted by parents who gave them love, a family ,and a stimulating home environment．The children gained an average of 29 IQ points．For one child, the increase was an amazing 58 points．A second group of initially less "retarded" children, who stayed in the orphanage, lost an average of 26 IQ points.
Other encouraging results can be found in early childhood education programs, which provide stimulating intellectual experiences for disadvantaged children．In one study, children from low-income families were given enriched environments from early infancy(婴儿期) through preschool．By age 2 their IQ scores were already higher than those in a control group．More important, they were still 5 points higher seven years later．High-quality enrichment programs such as Head Start can prevent children from falling behind in school.
A particularly striking environmental effect is the fact that 14 nations have shown average IQ gains of from 5 to 25 points during the last 30 years．These IQ boosts, averaging 15 points, occurred in far too short a time for genetics to explain them．It is more likely that the gains reflect environmental forces, such as improved education, nutrition, and living in a technologically complex society.
【小题1】What's the main idea of this passage

A．Retarded children cannot improve their IQ's.

B．Orphanages are full of mentally retarded children.

C．Environmental factors influence a child's IQ.

D．Early childhood education programs are important.

【小题2】The author is in favor of _____________ according to the passage.

A．putting retarded children into institutions

B．providing early childhood education programs

C．keeping children in orphanages

D．keeping retarded children with others like themselves

【小题3】Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an environmental factor that affects IQ       .

A．Good nutrition．	B．Improved technology.
C．Better education．	D．Food pollution.

【小题4】What can we conclude from the passage ?

A．Attention from parents has little effect on a child's IQ.

B．Head Start programs are a waste of money.

C．Increases in IQ have happened in the US more rapidly than elsewhere.

D．Genetics are less important than environment in gaining one's IQ.

How much can environment affect intelligence? In one study, striking increases in IQ occurred in 25 children who were moved from an orphanage(孤儿院) to more stimulating（使人兴奋的，使人振奋的） environments．The children, who were all considered mentally retarded and unadoptable, were moved to an institution where they received personal attention from adults．Later, these supposedly retarded children were adopted by parents who gave them love, a family ,and a stimulating home environment．The children gained an average of 29 IQ points．For one child, the increase was an amazing 58 points．A second group of initially less "retarded" children, who stayed in the orphanage, lost an average of 26 IQ points.

Other encouraging results can be found in early childhood education programs, which provide stimulating intellectual experiences for disadvantaged children．In one study, children from low-income families were given enriched environments from early infancy(婴儿期) through preschool．By age 2 their IQ scores were already higher than those in a control group．More important, they were still 5 points higher seven years later．High-quality enrichment programs such as Head Start can prevent children from falling behind in school.

A particularly striking environmental effect is the fact that 14 nations have shown average IQ gains of from 5 to 25 points during the last 30 years．These IQ boosts, averaging 15 points, occurred in far too short a time for genetics to explain them．It is more likely that the gains reflect environmental forces, such as improved education, nutrition, and living in a technologically complex society.

1.What's the main idea of this passage

A．Retarded children cannot improve their IQ's.

B．Orphanages are full of mentally retarded children.

C．Environmental factors influence a child's IQ.

D．Early childhood education programs are important.

2.The author is in favor of _____________ according to the passage.

A．putting retarded children into institutions

B．providing early childhood education programs

C．keeping children in orphanages

D．keeping retarded children with others like themselves

3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an environmental factor that affects IQ       .

A．Good nutrition．	B．Improved technology.
C．Better education．	D．Food pollution.

4.What can we conclude from the passage ?

A．Attention from parents has little effect on a child's IQ.

B．Head Start programs are a waste of money.

C．Increases in IQ have happened in the US more rapidly than elsewhere.

D．Genetics are less important than environment in gaining one's IQ.