4、The more time children spend watching television the poorer they perform academically （学术上） according to three studies published on Monday．

 "Too much television viewing has been blamed for increasing rates of childhood fatness and aggressive behavior, while its effect on schooling has been uncertain" researchers said．

But studies concluded television viewing tended to have a bad effect on schooling．For example, children in the third grade who had televisions in their bedrooms — and therefore watched more TV — scored lower on the standardized tests than those who did not have sets in their rooms．

Quite the opposite, the study found having a home computer with access to （有权使用） the Internet resulted in comparatively higher test scores．

"Consistently those with a bedroom television but no home computer access had, on average, the lowest scores and those with home computer access but no bedroom television the highest," wrote Dina, a study university author．

American homes with children had an average of about three televisions each, the report said, and children with televisions in their bedrooms averaged about 13 hours of viewing a week while children who did not have their own sets viewed around 11 hours a week．

The American Academy of Pediatrics has urged parents to limit children's television viewing to no more than two hours per day, and to try to keep younger children away from TV altogether．

In two other studies published in the same journal, children who regularly watched television before the age of three ended up with lower test scores later on, and teenagers who watched more television were less likely to go on to finish high school or to earn a college degree．

Researchers of the University of Washington reported that 59 percent of the US children under the age of two watched an average of 1．3 hours of television per day, though there was no program of proven educational value for children that young．

TV watching appeared to help children aged three to five with basic reading recognition and short-term memory, but not reading comprehension or mathematics, so the net effect of television watching is "limited in its beneficial effect," wrote the study author Frederick Zimmerman．

1．The underlined word "altogether" probably means        ．

A．nearly    

B．almost   

C．completely  

D．probably

2．Children with television in their bedrooms        ． 

A．watched TV for about 12 hours a week on average

B．watched about two more hours a week than those who didn't have their own sets

C．scored higher than those who didn't have their own sets

D．scored higher than those with home computer access

3．Children younger than age two watching an average of 1．3 hours of television per day,

       ．

A．ended up with lower test scores later on

B．were less likely to go on to finish high school

C．were less likely to earn a college degree

D．are not sure to benefit from the TV watching

4．It seems that TV watching may help children aged three to five with        ．

A．reading comprehension

B．long-term memory

C．reading recognition

D．mathematics

5．The text mainly tells us that        ．

A．TV watching is bad for children's education

B．the children get fat because of watching TV

C．aggressive behavior of children results from watching TV

D．watching TV is bad for children's eyesight