What is the d________ from the earth to the moon?

 ---What is our earth like ________from the moon?

---Well, our earth, with water ________ 70% of its surface, appears as a "blue ball".

A. seen; covering                              B. seen; to cover

C. seeing; covered                             D. seeing; covering

 

---What is our earth like ________from the moon?

---Well, our earth, with water ________ 70% of its surface, appears as a "blue ball".

A. seen; covering                              B. seen; to cover

C. seeing; covered                             D. seeing; covering

Next Stop: Planet Mars
Fly me to the moon? That’s not far enough. On September 14, 2011, NASA released designs for a superrocket, the Space Launch System (SLS). This time the final destination will be Mars.
The SLS is a huge, liquid-fuelled rocket. If it is fully developed, it will be the most powerful rocket ever built. Its lift capability will be much bigger than that of the space shuttle of Saturn 5, the rocket that sent the Apollo missions to the moon.
NASA is planning to launch its first unmanned test flight in 2017. It is hoped that the first crew will fly in 2021 and astronauts will make it to a nearby asteroid(小行星) in 2025. NASA hopes to send the rocket and astronauts to Mars from the asteroid by the 2030s, according to the Associated Press (AP).
NASA used liquid rockets to send Apollo, Gemini and Mercury into space, but later changed to solid rockets boosters(助推火箭) because they were cheaper. Tragically, however, a booster flaw(缺陷) caused the space shuttle Challenger to crash in 1986. The new project plans to return to liquid fuel.
According to AP, the rockets will at first be able to carry 77 to 110 tons of payload(净载重量). Eventually they will be able to carry 143 tons into space, maybe even as many as 165 tons, NASA officials said. By comparison, the Saturn 5 booster could lift 130 tons and the space shuttle just 27 tons.
However, unlike reusable shuttles, these powerful rockets are mostly one use only. New ones have to be built for every launch. This will be very costly.
NASA estimates that it will cost about $3 billion (19 billion yuan) per year, or $18 billion until the first test flight in 2017. NASA hopes to make money by allowing private companies to send astronauts to the International Space Station like giant taxi services, so that the program can be “sustainable”.
“This is perhaps the biggest thing for space exploration in decades,” said Senator Bill Nelson, a former astronaut. “The goal is to fly humans safely beyond low-Earth orbit(轨道) and deep into outer space where we cannot only survive, but one day also live.”
【小题1】What is the outstanding feature of the SLS?

A．It’s equipped with an advanced control system.

B．It’s the first unmanned space shuttle in the world.

C．It’s the only vehicle that can fly astronauts to the moon.

D．It can send a lot more goods and passengers into space.

【小题2】What is Saturn 5?

A．An aircraft that had a deadly flaw and crashed in 1986.

B．A series of rockets that once sent astronauts to the moon.

C．An unmanned space shuttle that was once famous in the world.

D．A kind of launch vehicle that will be used to carry astronauts to Mars.

【小题3】NASA plans to use liquid fuel in the new project because ______ than solid rockets boosters.

A．it is less costly

B．it is much safer

C．it can last longer

D．it is more environmentally friendly

【小题4】According to NASA’s schedule, it will take ______ years to fully complete the SLS program.

A．about 6	B．about 10
C．less than 14	D．more than 19

【小题5】It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A．the SLS program is planning to make reusable rockets

B．the goal of the SLS program is to enable humans to live on the moon

C．the US government may not have provided enough money for the SLS program

D．NASA will use SLS as a space taxi between the Earth and Mars

Except for the Sun, the Moon appears to be the biggest object in the sky. Actually it is one of the smallest, and only looks big because it is so near to us. Its diameter(直径) is only 2,160 miles, or a little more than a quarter of the diameter of the Earth.

Once a month, or more exactly, once every 29.5 days, at the time we call"full moon", its whole surface looks bright. At other times, only part of it appears bright, and we always find that this is the part which faces towards the Sun, while the part facing away from the Sun appears dark. People could make their photographs better if they kept this in mind-only those parts of the Moon which are lit up by the Sun are brighter. This shows that the Moon gives no light of its own. It only throws back the light of the Sun, like a huge mirror hung in the sky.

Yet the dark part of the Moon's surface is not completely black; usually it is just light enough for us to be able to see its shape, so that we speak of seeing "the old Moon in the new Moon's arms". The light by which we see the old Moon does not come from the Sun, but from the Earth. We know well how the surface of the sea or of snow, or even of a wet road, may throw back uncomfortably much of the Sun's light on to our faces. In the same way the surface of the whole Earth throws back enough of the Sun's light on to the face of the Moon for us to be able to see the parts of it which would otherwise be dark.

6. How often do we see the Moon as its brightest?

A. Once every week.

B. Once every year.

C. Once every 29.5 days.

D. Once every 27 days.

7. What is meant by seeing " the old Moon in the new Moon's arms"?

A. We can see the dark parts of the Moon, though not clearly.

B. The new Moon is at its brightest.

C. The dark parts of the Moon are bright enough for us to see.

D. Part of the Moon's surface is lit by the Sun.

8. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The Moon gives no light of its own.

B. The Moon's diameter is exactly one fourth of that of the Earth.

C. The light by which we see the old Moon comes from the Sun.

D. The part of the Moon which is not lit by the Sun is completely black.

 

Science has told us too much about the moon that it is fairly easy to imagine what it would be like to get there. It is certainly not a friendly place. Since there is no air or water, there can be no life of any kind. There is not much variety of scenery either. For mile after mile there are only flat plains of dust with mountains around them. Above, the sun and stars shine in the black sky. If you step out of the mountain shadow, it means moving from the severe cold into intense (强烈的) heat. These extreme temperatures continually break rocks away from the surface of the mountains. The moon is also a very silent world, for sound waves can only travel through air. But beyond the broken horizon, you see a friendly sight. Our earth is shining more brightly than the stars. From this distance, it looks like an immense (巨大的) blue, green and brown ball.

1.The moon is an unfriendly place because                   .

A. there is no air, no water, no life, no scenery       B. the sun and stars shine in the sky

C. temperature breaks rock away                         D. all of the above

2.Without           , the moon is a silent world.

A. man              B. air              C. sound                    D. water

3.According to the passage we know that                 .

A. the earth looks like a colored ball         

B. we can enjoy the scenery on the moon

C. every inch of the moon is very hot          

D. the extreme temperature breaks rocks away from the surface of mountains

4.We can conclude（断定） that “continually” means          .

A. sometimes            B. always               C. without break        D. frequently

5.The best title for the passage is                             .

A. An Unfriendly and Friendly Place             B. The Geography of the Moon

C. Moon, a Silent World                         D. The Moon

 

阅读理解

　　You have seen the moon many times. Does it look large or small? Does it look near or far away?

　　When you see the moon from the earth, the moon looks small. The moon is really very large, but not as large as the earth. It is much larger than the largest mountain on the earth.

　　Why does the moon look small when you see it from the earth?

　　The moon is very far away from the earth.

　　Things that are far away from you look smaller than things that are close.

　　Which looks smaller, the moon or the tree?

　　The moon looks smaller, even though it is really much larger than a tree. It looks smaller because it is far away from you and the tree is close to you.

　　What is moonlight?

　　You can see the sun and the stars in the sky. They give off light. The moon does not give off any light of its own. How then can you see the moon at night?

　　Light from the sun shines on the moon. Some of this light reaches the earth from the moon. The moon reflects (反射) sunlight, which now can be called moonlight.

　　How is light reflected? You can see how light is reflected if you hold a mirror in the sun. The mirror will reflect some sunlight.

　　The moon is something like a mirror. It reflects the light of the sun.

　　If you see light shining on the ball, half of the ball is in the light and the other half is dark.

　　The sun shines all the time. However, it shines on only half of the moon at a time. Like the earth, half of the moon is in sunlight. The other half is dark.

　　What part of the moon can you see? The only part of the moon you can see is the part that is in sunlight.

　　

1．The moon is really very large, ________.

[　　]

A．but as large as the largest mountain on the earth

B．but not as large as the sun

C．but not as small as the earth

D．but as large as the earth

2．The moonlight is ________.

[　　]

A．the sun gives off light

B．the moon gives off light of its own

C．the sun and stars give off light

D．some of this light that comes from the sun and stars in the sky and reaches the earth from the moon

3．Like the earth, half of the moon is in sunlight. The other half is dark because ________.

[　　]

A．the sun shines all the time

B．we can see a part of the moon only

C．the only part of the moon we can see in the part that is in sunlight

4．The moon looks smaller than large mountains on the earth because ________.

[　　]

A．the moon is not a real object

B．large mountains are bigger than the moon

C．large mountains are closer than the moon

D．the sun shines on the moon

5．Which of the following is not true?

[　　]

A．The moon reflects sunlight all the time.

B．The sun shines all the time.

C．When we are not in sunlight, it is at night.

D．We can see the dark half of the moon.

阅读理解

　　You have seen the moon many times. Does it look large or small? Does it look near or far away?

　　When you see the moon from the earth, the moon looks small. The moon is really very large, but not as large as the earth. It is much larger than the largest mountain on the earth.

　　Why does the moon look small when you see it from the earth?

　　The moon is very far away from the earth.

　　Things that are far away from you look smaller than things that are close.

　　Which looks smaller, the moon or the tree?

　　The moon looks smaller, even though it is really much larger than a tree. It looks smaller because it is far away from you and the tree is close to you.

　　What is moonlight?

　　You can see the sun and the stars in the sky. They give off light. The moon does not give off any light of its own. How then can you see the moon at night?

　　Light from the sun shines on the moon. Some of this light reaches the earth from the moon. The moon reflects (反射) sunlight, which now can be called moonlight.

　　How is light reflected? You can see how light is reflected if you hold a mirror in the sun. The mirror will reflect some sunlight.

　　The moon is something like a mirror. It reflects the light of the sun.

　　If you see light shining on the ball, half of the ball is in the light and the other half is dark.

　　The sun shines all the time. However, it shines on only half of the moon at a time. Like the earth, half of the moon is in sunlight. The other half is dark.

　　What part of the moon can you see? The only part of the moon you can see is the part that is in sunlight.

　　

1．The moon is really very large, ________.

[　　]

A．but as large as the largest mountain on the earth

B．but not as large as the sun

C．but not as small as the earth

D．but as large as the earth

2．The moonlight is ________.

[　　]

A．the sun gives off light

B．the moon gives off light of its own

C．the sun and stars give off light

D．some of this light that comes from the sun and stars in the sky and reaches the earth from the moon

3．Like the earth, half of the moon is in sunlight. The other half is dark because ________.

[　　]

A．the sun shines all the time

B．we can see a part of the moon only

C．the only part of the moon we can see in the part that is in sunlight

4．The moon looks smaller than large mountains on the earth because ________.

[　　]

A．the moon is not a real object

B．large mountains are bigger than the moon

C．large mountains are closer than the moon

D．the sun shines on the moon

5．Which of the following is not true?

[　　]

A．The moon reflects sunlight all the time.

B．The sun shines all the time.

C．When we are not in sunlight, it is at night.

D．We can see the dark half of the moon.

In 1865 the famous French author Jules Verne wrote two books. One was entitled From the Earth to The Moon and the other was entitled Around The Moon. In these books Jules Verne described man landing on the moon. In 1969 man actually did land on the moon. Many of the details of the real moon landing had been described with amazing accuracy in Jules Verne’s books. For example, Jules Verne’s spaceship had an initial of 36,000 feet per second. Apollo 11’s initial speed was 35,533 feet per second. Last, Jules Verne’s spaceship took 87 hours, 13 minutes, and 20 seconds to reach the moon. Apollo 11 took 103 hours and 3 minutes. The door of Apollo 11 opened at exactly 10:56 p.m. on July 20, 1969, and a man stepped out onto the surface of the moon. Jules Verne had predicted it with great accuracy over hundred and four years earlier. 1. What Verne described in “From the Earth to the Moon” is similar to the 1969 Apollo 11 landing on the moon in _______ ways.    A. three    　　 B. four   　　　 C. two    　　　 D. five 2. The underlined word “entitled” refers to ________.    A. made   　　 B. created    　　 C. named      　 D. given a right