Question

【题目】阅读短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人一个最恰当的单词。

We dislike too hot days. Luckily, we have air conditioners and fridges. How did Chinese people stay cool in the hot season before they have air conditioners and fridges?

The most common way Chinese people in the past kept cool was to use fans. Many fans had poems or drawings on them.

Beginning in the Sui dynasty(朝代), Chinese people started to use porcelain pillows(瓷枕). These pillows felt cool, so people could sleep well on them.

People in old times didn't have fridges to make ice. Instead, they collected ice in winter and kept it underground, sometimes in wells(井). When summer came, they got the ice out and put it in their living rooms to cool them down.

Rich people and members of the king family had more expensive ways to keep cool. As early as the Han dynasty, some people used a tool(工具) like modern electrical fans. It was made of a wheel(轮子) and some fan blades(叶片). A person would pull a rope to make the wheel spin(转) and then the blades would spin around fast.

In the Tang dynasty, people found a way to make their whole house cool. They built their houses next to the water, used some machines to carry water to the top of the house, and made it flow down from the eaves(屋檐). This man-made waterfall brought cool air into the house.

How people kept cool in the past
Different 【1】 in different times	Fans: It was very common for people to use fans with 【2】 or drawings on them.
	Porcelain pillows: In the Sui dynasty, 【3】people began to sleep on porcelain pillows【4】 these pillows were cool.
	Ice: In winter, ice was collected and stored, and then in 【5】 , people got the ice out and put it in houses to make the temperature 【6】
	【7】 fans: In the Han dynasty, a tool like modern electrical fans was used by only a small number of people, for it was【8】
	Water: In the 【9】 dynasty, people kept their houses cool by making 【10】 waterfalls.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 ways

【2】 poems

【3】 Chinese

【4】 because

【5】 summer

【6】 drop

【7】 Modern

【8】 expensive

【9】 Tang

【10】 man-made

【解析】

文章大意：本文介绍了中国古代在炎热的季节降温解暑的方法。最流行的方法就是用扇子，隋朝时，人们用瓷枕，还有人保存冰块，汉代时，人们发明新型类似现在的电扇来降温，唐朝时，人们把水引到房檐来降温。

【1】句意：不同时期的不同方法。根据表格第一行How people kept cool in the past“过去人们是如何保持凉爽的”，以及本行右侧所对应的表格中所描述的各个时期人们保持凉爽的方法，可知此处句意为“不同时期的不同方法”，“方法”way，由句意可知应用其复数形式，故答案填ways。

【2】句意：人们使用有诗歌或画的扇子是很常见的。根据文中的句子Chinese people in the past kept cool was to use fans. Many fans had poems or drawings on them.可知是人们使用有诗歌或画的扇子是很常见的。poem“诗歌”，这里用其复数形式，故答案填poems。

【3】句意：在隋朝，中国人开始睡陶瓷枕头。根据文中的句子Beginning in the Sui dynasty, Chinese people started to use porcelain pillows.可知，在隋朝，中国人开始睡陶瓷枕头。Chinesepeople“中国人”，故答案填Chinese。

【4】句意：因为这些枕头是凉爽的。根据文中的句子These pillows felt cool, so people could sleep well on them.可知，是因为这些枕头可以使人感觉凉爽，所以人们开始睡陶瓷枕头，前后句是因果关系，because“因为”，故答案填because。

【5】句意：在冬天，冰被收集和储存，然后在夏天，人们把冰取出，把它放在房子里，使温度下降。根据文中的句子they collected ice in winter and kept it underground, sometimes in wells. When summer came, they got the ice out and put it in their living rooms to cool them down.可知，人们在冬天把冰收集和储存，然后在夏天把冰拿出来放在房子里使温度下降。in summer“在夏天”，故答案填summer。

【6】句意：在冬天，冰被收集和储存，然后在夏天，人们把冰取出，把它放在房子里，使温度下降。根据文中的句子they collected ice in winter and kept it underground, sometimes in wells. When summer came, they got the ice out and put it in their living rooms to cool them down.可知，人们在冬天把冰收集和储存，然后在夏天把冰拿出来放在房子里使温度下降。make the temperature drop“降低温度”，故答案填drop。

【7】句意：现代的风扇。根据后面的a tool like modern electrical fans was used by only a small number of people,可知，此处说的是“现代风扇”，即modern fans，因其位于句首，所以第一个字母要大写，故答案填Modern。

【8】句意：因为它很贵。根据文中的句子Rich people and members of the king family had more expensive ways to keep cool. As early as the Han dynasty, some people used a tool like modern electrical fans.可知，因为昂贵，在汉代，像现代电扇这样的工具只被少数人使用。expensive “昂贵的”，故答案填expensive。

【9】句意：在唐朝，人们通过人造瀑布来保持房屋的凉爽。根据文中的句子In the Tang dynasty, people found a way to make their whole house cool….This man-made waterfall brought cool air into the house.可知，在唐朝，人们通过人造瀑布来保持房屋的凉爽。朝代属于专有名词，所以Tang首字母要大写，故答案填Tang。

【10】句意：在唐朝，人们通过人造瀑布来保持房屋的凉爽。根据文中的句子In the Tang dynasty, people found a way to make their whole house cool….This man-made waterfall brought cool air into the house.可知，在唐朝，人们通过人造瀑布来保持房屋的凉爽。man-made waterfalls“人造瀑布”，故答案填man-made。

首先，通读全文，了解文章的大意。然后，纵览所要完成的任务内容，在了解其大意的同时，确定所要填写的内容，即词语或短语是否与已知文段中的相一致。填写时，一定要仔细，比如，有的属于固定搭配，有的句子是文中原句的同义句，这些只要稍加注意，就可避免出错；同时还要注意动词时态、人称、名词单复数是否有误，首字母是否大写，句子的主谓搭配是不是合理等；最后，将填写好的内容再通读一遍，看看语意是否正确，与原文意思是否相符，语句是否通顺，大小写是否正确等。比如，第1小题，根据表格第一行How people kept cool in the past“过去人们是如何保持凉爽的”，以及本行右侧所对应的表格中所描述的各个时期人们保持凉爽的方法，可知此处句意为“不同时期的不同方法”，“方法”way，由句意可知应用其复数形式，故答案填ways。第3小题，根据文中的句子Beginning in the Sui dynasty, Chinese people started to use porcelain pillows.可知，在隋朝，中国人开始睡陶瓷枕头。Chinesepeople“中国人”，故答案填Chinese。