Question

【题目】 Programming Pain

Robots are useful and taking place of humans in some areas because they never get tired and can't feel pain. However, some researchers believe it's a good idea to program robots to feel pain.

Researchers from Leibniz University of Hannover in Germany are working to develop an artificial（人造的）robot nervous system to teach robots how to feel pain. "Pain is a system that protects us," said Johannes Kuehn, one of the researchers. "When we try to avoid the pain, it helps us not get hurt.”

Think about how many injuries you would receive if you couldn't feel pain. Even though pain hurts, it helps us avoid danger and treat our wounds. The same will be true for robots. As a great number of people work closely with robots, the robots must behave in a safer manner. Kuehn believes that by protecting robots from damage（伤害），they'll be protecting people as well. Damage,to robots if left unseen could lead to workplace accidents.

Rather than feel pain, some robots are designed to show pain or see it in others. Asada, an engineer at Osaka University in Japan, and his workmates have made sensors （传感器）that pick up many types of touch signals（信号）.These touch and pain signals can turn into emotions and expressions on a robot’s face. Asada believes that these systems could finally lead to robots seeing the pain on human faces, an important skill for robots designed to care for elderly people, for example.

Antonio Damasio, a professor at the University of Southern California, argues that programming robots with a sense of pain may cause an artificial sense of feeling to develop. But he says that this communication is not the same thing as a robot truly feeling and expressing emotions or pain. If one day, robots could actually feel as humans do, Damasio has a suggestion for the number one rule for robots: Feel good.

【1】What does the word in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A.The feeling of pain.B.The injury we receive.

C.An artificial system.D.A new kind of robot.

【2】Which is the right process to show and see the pain?

① Turn signals into expressions.

② Notice pain on human faces.

③ Make some sensors.

④ Pick up touch signals.

A.③④①②B.③①②④C.②③①④D.②④①③

【3】What can express Antonio Damasio's attitude（态度）about the program?

A.HopelessB.OppositeC.ExpectedD.Worried

【4】The aim of programming robots to feel pain is ________

A.to take place of humansB.to avoid human accidents

C.to control robots completelyD.to serve humans better

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【解析】

文章大意：文章主要讲述了研究人员正在开发人工的机器人神经系统，以教会机器人如何感受疼痛。

【1】

细节理解题。根据“Think about how many injuries you would receive if you couldn't feel pain. Even though pain hurts, it helps us avoid danger and treat our wounds. The same will be true for robots. As a great number of people work closely with robots, the robots must behave in a safer manner. Kuehn believes that by protecting robots from damage（伤害），they'll be protecting people as well. Damage, to robots if left unseen could lead to workplace accidents.” 想想如果你感觉不到疼痛，你会受到多少伤害。即使疼痛很痛，它也能帮助我们避免危险和治疗我们的伤口。机器人也是如此。由于许多人与机器人密切合作，机器人必须以更安全的方式行动。Kuehn相信通过保护机器人免受伤害，他们也将保护人类。损坏。对机器人来说，如果不看就可能导致工作场所的事故。可知，第3段的内容，指的是痛苦的感觉，故答案为A。

【2】

细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，the right process to show and see the pain，Make some sensors. Pick up touch signals.Turn signals into expressions. Notice pain on human faces. 正确的方法来显示和看到疼痛，制造一些传感器。拾起触摸信号灯。转向信号转换成表达式。注意人类脸上的疼痛。可知，故答案为A。

【3】

细节理解题。根据文中“Antonio Damasio, a professor at the University of Southern California, argues that programming robots with a sense of pain may cause an artificial sense of feeling to develop. But he says that this communication is not the same thing as a robot truly feeling and expressing emotions or pain. If one day, robots could actually feel as humans do, Damasio has a suggestion for the number one rule for robots: Feel good.” 南加州大学教授安东尼奥·达马西奥（Antonio Damasio）认为，给机器人编程时带有疼痛感可能会导致人工感觉的发展。但他说，这种交流与机器人真正感受和表达情感或痛苦是两码事。如果有一天，机器人真的能像人类一样有感觉的话，达马西奥提出了机器人的第一条规则：感觉良好。安东尼奥·达马西奥对这个项目的态度是期望的，故答案为C。

【4】

主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要讲述了研究人员正在开发人工的机器人神经系统，以教会机器人如何感受疼痛。编程机器人感受疼痛的目的是更好地为人类服务，故答案为D。