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8."Pictogram"is  compound word made from"picture"and"telegram".Pictograms are usually simple (71)pictures,and they are often made with letters and words.A pictogram is a symbol which represents an idea (72)oran object through an image(图象).Also,it is a kind of communication system which must be learned but is very useful in our lives.The used must learn to see,(73)understandand remember the different pictogram symbols.There are 1.400different symbols (74)atthe present time.A Canadian named Subhas Maharaj came up with the idea for pictograms in the beginning of the 1980s.at first,pictograms were introduced to help people (75)who/thathad disabilities in speaking,reading,or writing.Pictograms are images of objects that are(76)easyto see and create.Today,pictograms are used In many different ways.For example,there are traffic,recycling and (77)restaurantsigns,even animal symbols and so on.
      
Pictograms are (78)usuallyin white against a black background.2•1•c•n•j•y
The combination of white against a black background creates 2-1-c-n-j-y
extremely contrast(对比),and this makes pictograms friendlier
to users.A good example of a pictogram is the public
(79)toiletsymbols for"Men"and"Women",
just like the one on the left.Pictograms are a useful
method of communication,and people can have fun as they(80)learneach pictogram.

分析 这篇短文主要介绍了象形文字通常是简单的图片,它们通常用字母和单词表示.象形文字是一种符号,代表一个思想或物体通过一个图象.同样,它是一种需要学习的交流系统,但在我们的生活中是非常有用的.用户必须学会看,理解和记住不同的象形符号.

解答 71.答案:pictures;句意:象形文字通常是简单的图片,他们通常用字母和单词组成.根据句子的主语是复数和系动词are,可知表语也应该是复数,故填pictures.
72.答案:or;句意:象形文字是一种符号,代表一个思想或穿过一个图象的物体.根据an idea 与an object之间是选择关系,故填or.
73.答案:understand;句意:用户必须学会看,理解和记住不同的象形符号.根据remember the different pictogram symbols.可知,是理解后,再记住不同的象形符号,故用understand,因为句中有to,用动词原形;故填understand.
74.答案:at;句意:目前有大约1400种不同的符号.固定短语at present time在目前,故填at.
75.答案:who/that;句意:起初,象形图被引进来帮助那些说,读,写有障碍的人.根据句中信息,可知这里是定语从句,先行词是people,指人,从句缺少的句子的主语,所以用关系词who/that.故填who/that;
76.答案:easy;句意:象形图是很容易看到的和容易创作的图象.根据In many different ways.For example,there are traffic,recycling可知,在日常生活中很容易看见,故填easy.
77.答案:restaurant;句意:例如,有交通,回收和餐厅的标志,甚至动物符号等.根据图画A可知,那里的刀叉,代表的是餐厅,故填restaurant.
78.答案:usually;句意:象形文字通常是白色和黑色的背景.这里跟在系动词are的后面用频率副词通常,而且频率很大,很少例外;不用often,应该用usually;故填usually.
79.答案:toilet;根据句中symbols for"Men"and"Women"结合图片,推测该空应填toilet;句意:一个象形文字的一个很好的例子是公共厕所的符号为"男性"和"女性"就像左边的那个.故填toilet.
80.答案:learn;根据句中信息people can have fun,预测下句句意:当他们学习每一个象形文字的时候;故填learn,学习;根据前面用的是一般现在时,故填learn.

点评 解答该题要善于体会上下句的逻辑联系,而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量.

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