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18.In recent years,the Earth has been getting warmer.Average temperatures have risen.Possibly this is natural,but probably we are causing it.Modern people use a lot of electricity and drive a lot of cars.This puts carbon dioxide into the air and helps to make the planet warmer.When we hear this news,we may smile.No one likes long,cold winters,but,unluckily,there are many bad points about a warmer Earth.
First,the ice at the Poles melts and becomes water.The result is that the sea level becomes higher.Low islands will disappear.Cities on the coast will be in danger from the sea.Will Tokyo,Bangkok,Hong Kong and Shanghai become like parts of Holland-lower than the sea?Possibly we will have to build walls to keep the water out.Typhoons will become even more dangerous and frightening.
Sadly,the second point is that storms will become bigger.Super-typhoons will be born in the Pacific and do great damage to East Asia.The same will happen to the Eastern United States.
As the weather changes,some places that now have rain will become dry.The farmers will not be able to grow plants.Maybe some dry places will become wet-we don't know,but we will soon find out,and the change will cause many problems.There might be wars because of it.

38.What will happen to low islands when the Earth gets warmer and warmer?B
A.They will melt and become water.
B.They will be under the water.
C.They will become higher.
D.They will keep out the water.
39.In the last sentence,"it"refers toA.
A.the change of weather       
B.the power of the United States
C.the ice at the Poles   
D.the average temperature
40.Which of the following sentences is false?C
A.Shanghai will possibly build walls to prevent the water,like parts of Holland.
B.The farmers will not be able to grow plants because of the dry weather.
C.Electricity puts carbon dioxide into the air.
D.The warmer the Earth is getting,the higher the average temperature is.
41.Which is the best title of this passage?B
A.The Earth Is Getting Warmer 
B.Global Warming Problems
C.We Made the Earth Warmer 
D.How to Protect the Earth.

分析 最近这些年,地球已变得越来越温暖,平均气温上升.也许这是自然现象,但这也许是我们导致的.现代人用电很多,开车很多.这会向空气中排放二氧化碳,从而加剧地球变暖.当我们听到这一消息时,我们也许会笑.没有人喜欢漫长而寒冷的冬天,但不幸的是,地球变暖有很多坏处.首先,南北极的冰块融化,变成水.结果是,海平面上升,低处的岛屿将消失.海岸附近的城市将面临被海水吞没的危险.东京、曼谷、香港和上海将变成像荷兰的省份--低于海平面?也许我们将不得不修筑很多高墙以阻挡海水进入.台风将更加危险和恐怖.
令人沮丧的是,第二点是,暴风将更加强大.超台风将来自太平洋,对东亚产生极大危害.同样的事情也会发生在美国东部.
随着天气的改变,目前下雨的地区将变干旱.农民将无法种植作物.也许有些干旱地区将变湿润,我们无法知道,但我们很快会发现,而且这种变化将导致很多问题.也许会因此而发生战争.

解答 38.B.细节理解题.
根据第2段中"Low islands will disappear"可知,低处的岛屿将消失,这和本句的"处于水面以下"同义.故选B.
39.细节理解题,对词语的词义理解.
根据最后一句"There might be wars because of it"也许会因此而导致战争.这里的"it"要往前推,才能知道具体内容.再看前一句"Maybe some dry places will become wet-we don't know,but we will soon find out,and the change will cause many problems"也许有些干旱地区会变湿润,我们不知道,但我们很快会发现.但这种变化将导致很多问题.这里逐步明朗,"此"(it)指变化(change).那这种变化是什么变化?本段开头指出"As the weather changes,some places that now have rain will become dry"随着气候的变化,现在有雨的某些地方将变干旱.所以,这种变化就是气候的变化(weather change/the change of weather).故选A.
40.C.推理判断题.
根据第2段"Possibly we will have to build walls to keep the water out"人们将不得不修筑高墙以阻挡海水.所以A说的正确,根据最后一段头两句所述可知,地球已变得越来越温暖,平均气温上升.所以B也是正确的,根据第1段中"Modern people use a lot of electricity and drive a lot of cars.This puts carbon dioxide into the air"可知,现代人使用很多电力和汽车,这种做法(情况)会向空气中排放二氧化碳.而不是电力本身向空中排放二氧化碳.所以C所言错误,符合题意.根据第一段头两句可知,地球变暖,平均气温已上升.所以D也是正确的,但不符合题意.故选C
41.B.主旨大意题.
本题要求选择文章题目,亦即主旨大意.
从各段大意看,第1段为全球变暖的成因.第2段、第3段和第4段为全球变暖的危害.综合起来,文章论述的是全球变暖的问题(危害).故选B.

点评 首先要仔细阅读短文,掌握大意,然后结合具体的题目,再读短文,从中找出相关信息,就可以确定正确答案.

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