14．In 1826，a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business．But he was not a good artist．So he invented a very simple camera．He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden．That was the first photo．
The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837．That year，Daguerre，another Frenchman，took a picture of his reading room．He used a new kind of camera in a different way．In his picture you could see everything very clearly，even the smallest thing．This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype．
Soon，other people began to use Daguerre's way．Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world．people took picture of famous buildings，cities and mountains．
In about 1840，photography was improved．Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things．That was not simple．The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines．But this did not stop them，for example，some in the United States worked so hard．
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer．He took many pictures of great people．The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike．
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century．Some photos were not just copies of the real world．They showed feelings like other kinds of art．
34．The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture ofC
A．his business
B．his house
C．his garden
D．his window
35．The Daguerreotype wasB．
A．a Frenchman
B．a kind of picture
C．a kind of camera
D．a photographer
36．If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840，he had toD．
A．watch lots of films
B．buy an expensive camera
C．stop in most cities
D．take many films and something else．
37．This passage tells usA．
A．how photography was developed
B．how to show feelings in pictures
C．how to take pictures in the world
D．how to use different cameras．
分析 这篇短文主要介绍了摄影术的发展历史，其中重点介绍了每个历史阶段的重要人物．
解答 34．C 细节判断题．根据He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden他拍摄的是花园的照片．故选C．
35．B 细节理解题．根据In his picture you could see everything very clearly，even the smallest thing．This kind of photo was called a Daguerro type可以知道这是一种照片．故选B．
36．D 细节判断题．根据That was not simple．The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines可以知道要带很多胶片和其它东西．故选D．
37．A 主旨大意题．文章最后说Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century可知这篇短文主要描述了摄影术的发展历史，即摄影术是怎样发展的．故选A．
点评 阅读理解是考查语篇理解能力．常考的题型有：推理判断题；主旨大意题；细节理解题；猜测词意题．解题时，在读懂文章的基础上，还要特别注意掌握题型的特征，尤其是细节题和推断题不可混淆：细节题是文章信息的再现；推断题是文章信息的提取．
