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【题目】九、完成句子

1你和你的姐姐擅长跳舞吗?

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2那个留着一头乌黑长发的女孩是我的表妹。

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3我们今天没有家庭作业,让我们放学后去游泳吧。

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4阅读不是西蒙的爱好。

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5在那边的那个人是我们的语文老师。

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【答案】

1Are you and your sister good at dancing?

2The girl with long black hair is my cousin.

3We don't have homework today. Let's go swimming after school.

4Reading isn't Simon's hobby.

5The man over there is our Chinese teacher.

【解析】

1由于句子没有明确的时间截点,只是表达一个客观的事实,所以选择用一般现在时。“擅长”be good at;主语是“你和你的姐姐”you and your sister是两个人,所以系动词beare。根据题意,这是一般疑问句,含有系动词的一般疑问句结构是:系动词+主语+表语+其它成分;故答案为:Are you and your sister good at dancing

2根据题干可知,本题是一般现在时。题干主语是the girl,cousin的意思是“堂兄弟姐妹、表兄弟姐妹”。根据题干表达的意思可知:with的意思是“用、随着”,long的意思是“长的”,black的意思是“黑色、黑色的”,hair的意思是“头发”,with long black hair的意思是“长着黑色的长发”;故答案为:The girl with long black hair is my cousin.

3由题干可知本句陈述的是客观事实,所以时态用一般现在时。“我们今天没有家庭作业,我们“we”是主语;“有”这里表示“某人有”所以用have,其否定式直接在前面加助动词即可,主语是we,助动词用don't;“家庭作业”homework;“今天”today.;所以本句翻译为We don't have homework today.“让我们放学后去游泳吧”,根据所给出的汉语可知,这是邀请,表示建议和意见的,也是特殊的祈使句“让我们去”,它的常用结构是“Let's do sth.”,“去游泳”是固定词组go swimming,“放学后”英文表达是after school;所以本句翻译为Let's go swimming after school.故答案为:We don't have homework today. Let's go swimming after school.

4由题干可知本句陈述的是客观事实,所以时态用一般现在时。阅读”英文表达是read,这里是在句中作主语,所以要用动名词形式reading,而且位于句首,第一个字母要大写;动名词作主语谓语动词要用单数,所以be动词用is,否定式直接在is后加not,isnot缩写为isn't;“西蒙的爱好”英文表达是Simon's hobby;故答案为:Reading isn't Simon's hobby.

5根据汉语句意可知本句时态用一般现在时,主语是the man,在那边”是固定词组over there,“我们的语文老师”our Chinese teacher,主语the man是单数,所以系动词be“是”用is;故答案为:The man over there is our Chinese teacher.

对整句翻译汉译英这样的题型来说,首先要首先快速浏览汉语句子,确定英语句子的形式、时态以及所用到的固定搭配等;然后看要翻译的汉语句子,以核心谓语动词为切入点,找准主谓宾、分清定状补;先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补,切块对应翻译,最后再重新组合;翻译时注意时态与时间状语的搭配及主谓一致等问题。根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义,使译文符合英语的表述方式、方法和习惯。如,第1小题,由汉语句子可知时态用一般现在时,“擅长”固定短语be good at;主语是you and your sister是两个人,所以系动词beare;由题干可知这是一般疑问句,所以把系动词are提前,故答案为:Are you and your sister good at dancing?第5小题,根据汉语句意可知本句时态用一般现在时,主语是the man在那边”是固定词组over there,“我们的语文老师”our Chinese teacher,主语the man是单数,所以系动词be“是”用is;故答案为:The man over there is our Chinese teacher.

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