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【题目】根据短文内容,用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文内容完整、通顺。每词限用一次。

easy, message, good, start, divide, if, they, safe, excite, avoid, problem, sit

easy, message, good, start, divide, if, they, safe, excite, avoid, problem, sit

The new year brought new desks for students at a school inCalifornia,USA. The school's classrooms have all changed 1 seated desks to standing desks. “It's now the first all-standing school,” Juliet Starrett says. She 2 the group StandUp Kids and wanted to have everyUSpublic school kid using a standing desk in the next 10 years.

Starrett's daughters are both at that school. They are 3about their desks. “You feel happier, you're less tired and you're more active,” one of the girls says.

Some of the desks have wheels. Wheels allow the desks to be moved 4. The desks are also able to be set at different heights. Kids take breaks by5on the floor or on stools (凳子).

Mark Benden is an expert who studies how to make things easy and 6to use. According to him, standing workers are more focused and healthier. Researchers inNew Zealand,Australiaand theUnited Kingdomhad similar findings.

But not everyone believes standing is7than sitting. Some parents and teachers worry that kids will get tired and that standing for long may cause 8. And standing desks are more expensive.

Benden says both sitting and standing desks can cause problems 9 they are not the proper height. “Our10should not be ‘Sit less, stand more',” he says, “but ‘Sit less, move more'.”

【答案】

1their

2started

3excited

4easily

5sitting

6safe

7better

8problems

9if

10message

【解析】

文章大意:美国加利福尼亚的一所学校把学生的坐式课桌换成了站式课桌。专家介绍了学生使用站式课桌的好处和优势。也有家长和老师提出不同的看法

1句意学校的教室都把坐着的课桌换成了站着的课桌。考查形容词性物主代词此处需要一个单词来修饰seated desks,同时它代替前面的the school classrooms,所以选they,又因为需要形容词性物主代词,故答案为:their。

2句意她创办了“站起来的孩子”组织,并希望在未来10年内让每个美国公立学校的孩子都能使用一张办公桌。考查动词。she是主语,后面要跟谓语动词,根据后面的 and wanted to…,此处需要一个动词,并且要用动词过去式和wanted并列,根据预猜句意"她发起了"孩子们站起来"这个活动",选stand,又因为要用一般过去时,故答案为:started。

3句意他们对自己的桌子很兴奋。考查动词固定结构根据后面一个女孩说,"你感觉更快乐,不那么累,更活跃",可知,此处应该表示快乐、兴奋,所以选excite;而且be excited about是一个固定句型,意思是"对…感到兴奋",可知此处要用be excited about,故答案为:excited。

4句意轮子使书桌移动方便。考查副词根据前面"轮子使课桌移动"是一个完整的主谓宾结构,此处需要的修饰语,选easy,又因为修饰动词要用副词,所以将形容词easy变为副词easily,故答案为:easily。

5句意孩子们坐在地板上或凳子上休息。考查动词根据on the floor or on stools此处需要动词;by+doing是固定搭配,意思是"通过…的方式",可以预猜句意为"孩子们坐在地板上或凳子上休息",所以选sit,sit变现在分词,需要双写t,再加ing,故答案为:sitting。

6句意马克·本登是一位研究如何使事物易于使用和安全使用的专家。考查形容词根据前面的"how to make things easy and"可知,此处需要填一个形容词和easy并列,再根据预猜句意"马克本登是一位研究如何使事物变得简单和安全使用的专家",可知此处safe,故答案为:safe。

7句意但并不是每个人都认为站着比坐着好。考查形容词比较级根据后面的"than sitting"可知,此处需要填比较级,根据前面的is可知,此处要用形容词作表语,根据预猜句意"不是每个人都相信站着比坐着好",所以选good,good的比较级是better,故答案为:better。

8句意一些家长和老师担心孩子会累,长时间站立可能会导致问题。考查名词根据前面的"Some parents and teachers worry that kids will get tired"有些家长和老师担心孩子会累,可以预猜后面是"长时间站着可能会引起问题",所以选problem,problem是可数名词,此处要用复数形式,故答案为:problems。

9句意本登说,如果坐着和站着的桌子的高度不合适,它们都会引起问题。考查连词根据前面"Benden says both sitting and standing desks can cause problems"本登说站式和坐式的桌子就会产生问题",可知此句是主从复合句,再根据预猜语义"如果它们的高度不合适"可知,此处是条件状语从句,所以选if来引导条件状语从句,故答案为:if。

10句意“我们的信息不应该是‘坐得少,站得多’,”他说,“而应该是‘坐得少,动得多’。”考查名词根据后面的动词"should not be…"可知,此处需要主语,再根据前面的"our"可知,需要一个名词,所以选message,预猜句意为"我们的信息不应该是"少坐,多站"",故答案为:message。

选词填空题是初中英语的一个重要题型,它集词的用法与搭配、词语辨析、语法、单句理解等考查于一体,既考查了考生的语言知识水平,又检测了考生的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。

1. 在拿到题目后,不要急于看文章,首先对备选的词汇研究几遍,对词性做简单的标记,例如:名词、动词、形容词、副词等等,同时对词义作初步的理解。

2. 仔细阅读句子,充分理解句子的意思,注意发现固定搭配关系,凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息,根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。

3. 在选定单词后,不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中,需要瞻前顾后,既要符合本句的含义,又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时,要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词;在遇到动词时,要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式-to do,现在分词-doing,过去分词-done,固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./ used to do sth./ have sth. done…);形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或高级,还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词也需考虑,例如:more interesting/the most interesting,happy-happily/happiness;填入代词时,需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法;数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数的用法。

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