Question

【题目】 When your doctor asks how often you exercise, do you give her an honest answer? How about when she asks what you’ve been eating lately? If you’ve ever stretched (夸大) the truth, you’re not alone.

Sixty to eighty percent of people surveyed have not told their doctors about some information that could be relevant (相关的) to their health, according to a new study. Besides fibbing (小谎) about diet and exercise, more than a third of respondents (受访者) didn’t speak up when they disagreed with their doctor’s suggestions. More often than not, they fail to admit they didn’t understand their doctor’s instructions.

When respondents explained why they weren’t transparent (坦诚直言的), most said that they wanted to avoid being judged, and didn’t want to be lectured about how bad certain behaviors were. More than half were simply too embarrassed to tell the truth. Most people want their doctor to think highly of them, says the study’s senior author Angela Fagerlin, Ph. D.. “They re worried about being thought as someone who doesn’t make good decisions,” she adds.

Scientists at University of Utah led the research study together with colleagues at University of Michigan and University of Iowa. The results will be published online in JAMA Network Open on November 30, 2018.

Insights (深入了解; 洞察) into the doctor- patient relationship came from a national online survey of two populations. One survey got responses from 2,011 participants (参加者) who averaged 36 years old. The second included 2,499 participants who were 61 on average.

“I’m surprised that such a large number of people chose to withhold (隐瞒) relatively benign (相对无害) information, and that they would admit to it, says the study’s first author Andrea Gurmankin Levy, Ph. D.. The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty is that doctors can’t offer accurate medical advice when they don’t have all the facts. “If patients are withholding information about what they’re eating, or whether they are taking their medication, it can have influences for their health, especially if they have a chronic (慢性的) illness,” says Levy.

【1】What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Patients always lie to their doctors.

B. 60 to 80 percent of the patients can’t understand their doctor’s instructions.

C. Most respondents disliked being judge.

D. Fibbing can’t have bad influences for patients’ health.

【2】What does the underlined word it in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Relatively benign information.

B. Withholding relatively benign information.

C. A large number of people chose to withhold relatively benign information.

D. The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty.

【3】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. There were 3 universities doing the research study together.

B. Over a third of respondents didn’t show their disagreement with their doctor’s suggestions.

C. Some patients often choose to tell fibs when facing doctors.

D. Levy believed most people want their doctor to think highly of them.

【4】What is the meaning of the word “accurate” in the last paragraph?

A. professionalB. effectiveC. availableD. exact

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】D

【解析】

本文主要讲述的是当医生询问病人的一些信息时，大部分的病人选择隐瞒或者是撒个小谎。他们有的是为了避免被批评。有的不想被教导他们的行为是多么的恶劣。有一半以上的只是非常尴尬于说出事实真相。根据调查，这种现象非常普遍。结果会导致医生无法给出准确的医学建议。而且如果病人患有慢性病的话，会非常影响他们的健康。

【1】推理判断题。题意：由这篇文章我们可以推出什么？A. Patients always lie to their doctors病人总是向他们的医生撒谎；B. 60 to 80 percent of the patients can’t understand their doctor’s instructions 60%到80%的病人无法理解医生的医嘱；C. Most respondents disliked being judged大部分的调查对象不喜欢被批评；D. Fibbing can’t have bad influences for patients’ health撒谎不可能对病人的健康有着恶劣的影响。由原文most said that they wanted to avoid being judged可知，大部分人想避免被医生批评，与C项意思一致。故选C。

【2】词义推测题。题意：最后一自然段划线单词it指什么？A. Relatively benign information相对无害的信息；B. Withholding relatively benign information隐瞒相对无害的信息；C. A large number of people chose to withhold relatively benign information许多人选择隐瞒相对无害的信息；D. The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty病人的不诚实带来的麻烦。由原句I’m surprised that such a large number of people chose to withhold (隐瞒) relatively benign (相对无害) information, and that they would admit to it我很惊奇的是有如此多的人选择隐瞒相对无害的信息而且他们也会承认这一点可知，it应该是他们选择隐瞒相对无害的信息。故选B。

【3】推理判断题。题意：下面陈述哪一个是不对的？A. There were 3 universities doing the research study together有三所大学一起做了这次研究调查；B. Over a third of respondents didn’t show their disagreement with their doctor’s suggestions有三分一之一以上的调查者并没有显示他们对于医生建议的不赞同；C. Some patients often choose to tell fibs when facing doctors一些病人面对医生时，经常会选择撒个小谎；D. Levy believed most people want their doctor to think highly of them。 Levy相信，大部分人是想要他们的医生对他们的高度认可。Levy的想法由最后一自然中体现，主要讲的是当病人向医生隐瞒相关信息时，会导致医生无法给出准确的医学建议，会对病人的健康造成一定的影响。无D项所讲内容。故选D。

【4】词义推测题。题意：最后一自然段accurate什么意思？A. professional专业的；B. effective有效的；C. available可得到的；D. exact准确的。联系句意The trouble with a patient’s dishonesty is that doctors can’t offer accurate medical advice when they don’t have all the facts病人的不诚实带来的麻烦是：当医生无法获知所有的事实时，他们无法给出准确的医学建议可知，D项代入意思吻合。故选D。

阅读理解的最主要障碍是词汇。能否巧妙处理阅读理解中遇到的生词是快捷突破英语阅读理解瓶颈的关键。其最主要的解决方法是根据与上下文之间的关系猜测词义。例如第四题What is the meaning of the word “accurate” in the last paragraph?而根据后文提示when they don’t have all the facts可知当医生无法获知所有的事实时，他们当然是无法给出准确的医学建议。结合四个选项，D项代入意思吻合。