【题目】下图为我国某地地质剖面示意图,回答下列问题。
(1)甲地和乙地的地质构造分别是_________________和_________________。
(2)丁地地貌的形成原因是 。
(3)请简述丙地地貌的形成过程。
【答案】(1)向斜(或褶皱) (1分) 断层(1分)
(2)背斜顶部受张力作用(2分),岩层破碎,易受外力侵蚀形成谷地(2分)
(3)流水带来大量泥沙(2分),当水流流出出山口时,由于地势突然趋于平缓(2分),河道变得开阔, 水流速度减慢, 河流搬运的物质逐渐在山麓地带沉积下来,形成扇状堆积地貌。(2分)
【解析】试题分析:
(1)根据图中岩层形态特点,甲地和乙地的地质构造分别是向斜(或褶皱)、 断层。
(2)图中丁地地貌是背斜谷,成因是背斜顶部受张力作用,岩层破碎,易受外力侵蚀形成谷地。
(3)读图,丙地地貌是山麓冲积扇。河流在山区流速快,侵蚀力强,流水带来大量泥沙,当水流流出出山口时,由于地势突然趋于平缓,河道变得开阔, 水流速度减慢, 河流搬运的物质逐渐在山麓地带沉积下来,形成扇状堆积地貌。
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