Question

£¨1£©ÒÑÖªH₂O£¨l£©=H₂O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=+44KJ/mol£®ÔÚ25¡æ¡¢101kPaÏ£¬1g¼×´¼È¼ÉÕÉú³ÉCO₂ºÍÆø̬ˮʱ·ÅÈÈ19.93kJ£¬Ôò¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽӦΪ

 

£®
£¨2£©ÒÑÖªH₂µÄȼÉÕÈÈ¡÷H=-285.8kJ?mol^-1£¬COµÄȼÉÕÈÈ¡÷H=-282.8kJ?mol^-1£®ÏÖÓÐCO¡¢H₂¡¢CO₂×é³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌå67.2L£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©£¬¾­³ä·ÖȼÉÕºó·Å³öµÄ×ÜÈÈÁ¿Îª710.0kJ£¬²¢Éú³É18gҺ̬ˮ£¬ÇóȼÉÕÇ°»ìºÏÆøÌåÖÐCOµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý£®

 

£®

Answer 1

¿¼µã£ºÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ,Óйط´Ó¦ÈȵļÆËã

רÌ⣺»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ÖеÄÄÜÁ¿±ä»¯

·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©ÓÉ1gCH₃OHȼÉÕ·ÅÈÈ19.93kJ£¬Ôò2molCH₃OHȼÉÕ·ÅÈÈ19.93¡Á32¡Á2=1275£¬52kJ£¬²¢ÔÚÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÖбêÃ÷ÎïÖʵÄ״̬£»
£¨2£©ÒÀ¾ÝȼÉÕÈÈд³öÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¼ÆË㣬Éú³ÉµÄË®ÊÇÇâÆøȼÉÕÉú³É£»

½â´ð£º ½â£º£¨1£©ÓÉ1gCH₃OHȼÉÕ·ÅÈÈ22.7kJ£¬Ôò2molCH₃OHȼÉÕ·ÅÈÈ19£¬93¡Á32¡Á2=1275.52kJ£¬Ôò¸ÃȼÉÕ·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2CH₃OH£¨g£©+3O₂£¨g£©=2CO₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨g£©¡÷H=-1275.52kJ/mol£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2CH₃OH£¨g£©+3O₂£¨g£©=2CO₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨g£©¡÷H=-1275.52kJ/mol£»
£¨2£©ÒÑÖªH₂µÄȼÉÕÈÈ¡÷H=-285.8kJ?mol^-1£¬ÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£ºH₂£¨g£©+

1

2

O₂£¨g£©=H₂O£¨l£©¡÷H=-285.58KJ/mol£¬£»
COµÄȼÉÕÈÈ¡÷H=-282.8kJ?mol^-1£®ÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCO£¨g£©+

1

2

O₂£¨g£©=CO₂£¨g£©¡÷H=-282.8KJ/mol£»ÏÖÓÐCO¡¢H₂¡¢CO₂×é³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌå67.2L£¨±ê×¼×´¿ö£©ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=

67.2L

22.4L/mol

=3mol£¬¾­³ä·ÖȼÉÕºó·Å³öµÄ×ÜÈÈÁ¿Îª710.0kJ£¬²¢Éú³É18gҺ̬ˮÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª1mol£¬·ÅÈÈΪ285.58KJ£¬ÔòÒ»Ñõ»¯Ì¼È¼ÉÕ·ÅÈÈ=710.0kJ-285.58KJ=424.42KJ£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËãµÃµ½Ò»Ñõ»¯Ì¼ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=1mol¡Á

424£¬42KJ

282.8KJ

=1.5mol£¬Ò»Ñõ»¯Ì¼µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊý¼´ÎªÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄ·ÖÊý=

1.5mol

3mol

¡Á100%=50%£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º50%

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄÊéд·½·¨ºÍÓйؼÆËãÓ¦Óã¬ÕÆÎÕ»ù´¡Êǹؼü£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®