Question

£¨2012?Ì©ÖݶþÄ££©ÏÂÁи÷ÈÜÒºÖУ¬Î¢Á£µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¹ØϵÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

A£®pH=5µÄNaHSO₃ÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨HSO₃^-£©£¾c£¨H₂SO₃£©£¾c£¨SO₃^2-£©

B£®Ê¹·Ó̪³ÊºìÉ«µÄ±½·ÓÓë±½·ÓÄÆ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨C₆H₅O^-£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©

C£®ÔÚ0.1 mol?L^-1 Na₂CO₃ÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨HCO₃^-£©=c£¨H₂CO₃£©+c£¨H⁺£©-c£¨OH^-£©

D£®µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¡¢µÈÌå»ýµÄNaOHÈÜÒºÓëCH₃COOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨CH₃COOH£©

Answer 1

·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢pH=5µÄNaHSO₃ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÑÇÁòËá¸ùÀë×ÓµçÀë´óÓÚË®½â·ÖÎöÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС£»
B¡¢Ê¹·Ó̪³ÊºìÉ«µÄ±½·ÓÓë±½·ÓÄÆ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷±½·ÓÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐË®½â£»
C¡¢ÒÀ¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغãºÍÎïÁÏÊغã·ÖÎöÅжϣ»
D¡¢ÒÀ¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغã·ÖÎöÅжϣ»

½â´ð£º½â£ºA¡¢pH=5µÄNaHSO₃ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÑÇÁòËá¸ùÀë×ÓµçÀë´óÓÚË®½â·ÖÎöÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС£¬c£¨HSO₃^-£©£¾c£¨SO₃^2-£©£¾c£¨H₂SO₃£©£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B¡¢Ê¹·Ó̪³ÊºìÉ«µÄ±½·ÓÓë±½·ÓÄÆ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷±½·ÓÄÆÈÜÒºÖÐË®½âΪÖ÷£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óСΪ£¬c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨C₆H₅O^-£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C¡¢ÔÚ0.1 mol?L^-1 Na₂CO₃ÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغãc£¨H⁺£©+c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨OH^-£©+c£¨HCO₃^-£©+2c£¨CO₃^2-£©£¬ÎïÁÏÊغ㣬c£¨Na⁺£©=2c£¨HCO₃^-£©+2c£¨CO₃^2-£©+2c£¨H₂CO₃£©£¬´úÈëÄÆÀë×ӵõ½£»
c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨HCO₃^-£©+2c£¨H₂CO₃£©=c£¨OH^-£©£¬»òÖÊ×ÓÊغãд³öÅжϣ¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¡¢µÈÌå»ýµÄNaOHÈÜÒºÓëCH₃COOHÈÜÒº»ìºÏËùµÃÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚÎïÁÏÊغ㣺c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨CH₃COOH£©£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡BD£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÑÎÀàË®½âµÄ·ÖÎöÅжϣ¬ÈÜÒºÖеçºÉÊغ㣬ÎïÁÏÊغãµÄ¼ÆËãÓ¦Óã¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®