Question

ÓɶÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄ»¯ºÏÎïXÊÇij¿¹ËáÒ©µÄÓÐЧ³É·Ö£®¼×ͬѧÓû̽¾¿XµÄ×é³É£®
²éÔÄ×ÊÁÏ£º
¢ÙÓɶÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄ¿¹ËáÒ©µÄÓÐЧ³É·ÖÓÐ̼ËáÇâÄÆ¡¢Ì¼Ëáþ¡¢ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ¡¢¹èËáþÂÁ¡¢Á×ËáÂÁ¡¢¼îʽ̼ËáþÂÁ£®
¢ÚAl³⁺ÔÚpH=5.0ʱ³ÁµíÍêÈ«£»Mg²⁺ÔÚpH=8.8ʱ¿ªÊ¼³Áµí£¬ÔÚpH=11.4ʱ³ÁµíÍêÈ«£®
ʵÑé¹ý³Ì£º
I£®Ïò»¯ºÏÎïX·ÛÄ©ÖмÓÈë¹ýÁ¿ÑÎËᣬ²úÉúÆøÌåA£¬µÃµ½ÎÞÉ«ÈÜÒº£®
¢ò£®Óò¬Ë¿ÕºÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿IÖÐËùµÃµÄÈÜÒº£¬ÔÚ»ðÑæÉÏ×ÆÉÕ£¬ÎÞ»ÆÉ«»ðÑ森
¢ó£®ÏòIÖÐËùµÃµÄÈÜÒºÖеμӰ±Ë®£¬µ÷½ÚpHÖÁ5¡«6£¬²úÉú°×É«³ÁµíB£¬¹ýÂË£®
¢ô£®Ïò³ÁµíBÖмӹýÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº£¬³ÁµíÈ«²¿Èܽ⣮
¢õ£®Ïò¢óÖеõ½µÄÂËÒºÖеμÓNaOHÈÜÒº£¬µ÷½ÚpHÖÁ12£¬µÃµ½°×É«³ÁµíC£®
£¨1£©IÖÐÆøÈ«A¿Éʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×Ç£¬AµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÊÇ______£®
£¨2£©ÓÉI¡¢¢òÅжÏXÒ»¶¨²»º¬ÓеÄÔªËØÊÇÁס¢______£®
£¨3£©¢óÖÐÉú³ÉBµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇ______£®
£¨4£©¢ôÖÐBÈܽâµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇ______£®
£¨5£©³ÁµíCµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÊÇ______£®
£¨6£©ÈôÉÏÊön£¨A£©£ºn£¨B£©£ºn£¨C£©=1£º1£º3£¬ÔòXµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÊÇ______£®

Answer 1

£¨1£©ÆøÌåA¿Éʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×Ç£¬½áºÏ¿¹ËáÒ©µÄÓÐЧ³É·Ö£¬Öª¸ÃÆøÌåΪCO₂£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCO₂£»
£¨2£©XÖÐÒ»¶¨²»º¬Si£¬ÒòΪ¹èËáÑÎÖмÓÈë¹ýÁ¿ÑÎËᣬ»á²úÉú¹èËá³Áµí£¬Ò»¶¨²»º¬Na£¬ÒòΪNaµÄÑæɫΪ»ÆÉ«£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÄÆ¡¢¹è£»
£¨3£©µ÷½ÚpHÖÁ5¡«6ʱÉú³ÉµÄ°×É«³ÁµíΪAl£¨OH£©₃£¬NH₃?H₂0ΪÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽÖÐӦдΪ»¯Ñ§Ê½£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl³⁺+3NH₃?H₂0¨TAl£¨OH£©₃¡ý+3NH₄⁺£»
£¨4£©Al£¨OH£©₃ΪÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÄÜÈÜÓÚÇ¿¼î£¬¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº£¬Al£¨OH£©₃³ÁµíÍêÈ«Èܽ⣬Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºAl£¨OH£©₃+OH^-¨TAlO₂^-+2H₂O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl£¨OH£©₃+OH^-¨TAlO₂^-+2H₂O£»
£¨5£©¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒºµ÷½ÚpHÖÁ12£¬Óа×É«³Áµí²úÉú£¬Ôò³ÁµíCΪMg£¨OH£©₂£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMg£¨OH£©₂£»
£¨6£©ÓÉÓÚn£¨CO₂£©£ºn[Al£¨OH£©₃]£ºn[Mg£¨OH£©₂]=1£º1£º3£¬ÔòCO₃^2-¡¢Al³⁺¡¢Mg²⁺µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ1£º1£º3£¬½áºÏµçºÉÊغ㣬ÔòCO₃^2-¡¢Al³⁺¡¢Mg²⁺¡¢OH^-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ1£º1£º3£º7£¬¹ÊXΪMg₃Al£¨OH£©₇CO₃£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMg₃Al£¨OH£©₇CO₃£®