Question

15£®ÈçͼËùʾ£¬µçÔ´µÄµç¶¯ÊÆE=18V£¬ÄÚ×èr=1.0¦¸£¬µç×èR₂=5.0¦¸£¬R₃=6.0¦¸£®Æ½ÐнðÊô°åˮƽ·ÅÖã¬Á½°å¼ä¾àd=2cm£¬µ±¿É±äµç×èR₁µÄ»¬¶¯´¥Í·ÒÆÖÁR₁µÄÖеãʱ£¬µçÔ´µÄ·¶ËµçѹÊÇ16V£¬Ò»¸öµçºÉÁ¿q=-8.0¡Á10^-9CµÄÓ͵ÎÕýºÃƽºâÓÚÁ½°åÖ®¼ä£¬£¨gÈ¡10m/s²£©Çó£º
£¨1£©R₁µÄ×ܵç×裻
£¨2£©Ó͵εÄÖÊÁ¿£»
£¨3£©Ñ¸ËÙÒƶ¯R₁µÄ»¬¶¯´¥Í·P£¬Ó͵οɻñµÃµÄ×î´ó¼ÓËÙ¶ÈΪ¶à´ó£¿

Answer 1

·ÖÎö £¨1£©µ±´¥Í·PÔÚR₁ÖÐÑëʱ£¬Ïȸù¾Ý±ÕºÏµç·ŷķ¶¨ÂÉÇó³ö¸É·ÖеĵçÁ÷£¬ÓÉÅ·Ä·¶¨ÂÉÇó³öR₂Á½¶ËµÄµçѹºÍR₁¡¢R₃²¢Áª²¿·ÖµÄµçѹ£¬¸ù¾ÝÅ·Ä·¶¨ÂÉÇó³öͨ¹ýR₃µÄµçÁ÷£¬¼´¿É¸ù¾Ý²¢Áªµç·µÄÌصãÇó³öͨ¹ýR₁µÄµçÁ÷£¬¾ÍÄÜÇó³öR₁×Ü×èÖµµÄÒ»°ë£¬´Ó¶øµÃµ½R₁µÄ×Ü×èÖµ£®
£¨2£©Ó͵ÎÕýºÃƽºâÓÚÁ½°åÖ®¼ä£¬ÖØÁ¦Óëµç³¡Á¦¶þÁ¦Æ½ºâ£¬ÓÉE=$\frac{U}{d}$ºÍƽºâÌõ¼þÇó½âÓ͵εÄÖÊÁ¿£®
£¨3£©ÎªÊ¹Ó͵ÎÏòϵļÓËÙ¶È×î´ó£¬Ó¦Ê¹R₁µÄ»¬¶¯´¥Í·ÏòÉÏÒƶ¯R₁µÄ×îÉ϶ˣ¬¸ù¾ÝÅ·Ä·¶¨ÂÉÇó³öµçÈÝÆ÷°å¼äµçѹ£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÅ£¶ÙµÚ¶þ¶¨ÂÉÇó³ö×î´ó¼ÓËٶȣ®

½â´ð ½â£¨1£©µç·ÖеÄ×ܵçÁ÷Ϊ£ºI=$\frac{E-{U}_{1}}{r}$=$\frac{18-16}{1}$A=2A
R₂Á½¶ËµÄµçѹΪ£ºU_R2=I₁R₂=2¡Á5.0V=10V
R₁¡¢R₃²¢Áª²¿·ÖµÄµçѹΪ£ºU_R3=U_R1=U₁-U_R2=16-10=6V
ͨ¹ýR₃µÄµçÁ÷Ϊ£ºI_R3=$\frac{{U}_{R3}}{{R}_{3}}$=$\frac{6}{6}$A=1A
Ôòͨ¹ýR₁µÄµçÁ÷Ϊ£ºI_R1=I₁-I_R3=1A
ÔòR₁½ÓÈëµç·²¿·ÖµÄµç×èΪ£ºR₁¡ä=$\frac{{U}_{R1}}{{I}_{R1}}$=6¦¸£¬
Ôò¿É±äµç×èµÄ×Ü×èֵΪ£ºR₁=2R₁¡ä=2¡Á6¦¸=12¦¸£®
£¨2£©µçÈÝÆ÷²¢ÁªÔÚR₂Á½¶Ë£¬ÔòµçÈÝÆ÷Á½¶ËµÄµçѹΪ£ºU_C=U_R2=10V
¸ù¾ÝƽºâÌõ¼þµÃ£ºq$\frac{{U}_{C}}{d}$=mg£¬
Ó͵εÄÖÊÁ¿Îª£ºm=$\frac{q{U}_{C}}{gd}$=4.0¡Á10^-7kg£®
£¨3£©ÎªÊ¹Ó͵λñµÃÏòϵļÓËٶȣ¬ÐèÒª°ÑR₁µÄ»¬¶¯´¥Í·PÏòÉÏÒƶ¯£¬ÒÔ¼õСµçÈÝÆ÷Á½¶ËµÄµçѹ£¬´Ó¶ø¼õСµç³¡Á¦£®ÎªÊ¹ÏòϵļÓËÙ¶È×î´ó£¬ÔòӦʹR₁µÄ»¬¶¯´¥Í·ÏòÉÏÒƶ¯R₁µÄ×îÉ϶ˣ¬´Ëʱ£¬R₁¡¢R₃²¢Áªµç×èΪ£ºR₁₃=$\frac{{R}_{1}{R}_{3}}{{R}_{1}+{R}_{3}}$=$\frac{12¡Á6}{12+6}$¦¸=4¦¸£¬
ÔòR₂Á½¶ËµÄµçѹΪ£ºU_R2¡ä=$\frac{E{R}_{2}}{{R}_{2}+{R}_{13}+r}$=9V£¬
µçÈÝÆ÷Á½¶ËµÄµçѹΪ£ºU_C¡ä=U_R2¡ä=9V
¸ù¾ÝÅ£¶ÙµÚ¶þ¶¨Âɵãºmg-$\frac{q{U}_{C}^{¡ä}}{d}$=ma£¬
Ó͵ÎÏòϵÄ×î´ó¼ÓËÙ¶ÈΪ£ºa=g-$\frac{q{U}_{C}^{¡ä}}{md}$=1m/s²£®
´ð£º£¨1£©R₁µÄ×Ü×èֵΪ12¦¸£»
£¨2£©Ó͵εÄÖÊÁ¿Îª4.0¡Á10^-7kg£»
£¨3£©Òƶ¯R₁µÄ»¬¶¯Í·P£¬Ó͵οɻñµÃÏòϵÄ×î´ó¼ÓËÙ¶ÈΪ1m/s²

µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÊǵç·Óë´øµçÁ£×ÓÔڵ糡ÖмÓËÙµÄ×ۺϣ¬ËüÃÇÁªÏµµÄŦ´øÊǵçÈÝÆ÷µÄµçѹ£¬ÒªÔÚÁ˽âµç·½á¹¹µÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÊìÁ·ÔËÓÃÅ·Ä·¶¨ÂÉÇó½âµçѹÊǹؼü£®