Sigmund Freud was one of the first scientists to make serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities based in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason.He used 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Sigmund Freud was one of the first scientists to make serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities based in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason.
He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams to search for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠术). He wanted to see whether putting patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease troubled minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary.
Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved sitting with his patients and listening to them talk. He had them talk about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to be expressed. There could be no holding back because of fear or guilt.
Freud believed that all the painful memories of childhood lay buried in the unconscious self. This part of the mind he said contains wishes, desires and experiences too frightening to recognize.
He thought that if these memories could somehow be brought into the conscious mind, the patient would again feel the pain. But this time, the person would experience them as an adult. The patient would feel them, be able to examine them and, if successful, finally understand them.
Using this way, Freud reasoned, the pain and emotional pressure of the past would be greatly weakened. They would lose their hold over the person's physical health. Soon the patient would get better.
Many of Freud's theories about how the mind works also had strong sexual connections. These included what he saw as the repressed feelings of sons toward their mothers and daughters toward their fathers.
If nothing else, Freud's ideas were revolutionary. Some people rejected them. Many others came to accept them. But no one disputes his great influence on the science of mental health.
小题1:How many methods did Sigmund Freud use to study the mind?

A．One.

B．Two.

C．Three.

D．Four.

小题2:Sigmund Freud’s research was difficult because ______.

A．he had to work hard and have patients talk freely

B．he had to live with people who had troubled minds

C．he had to listen to unhappy stories of different people

D．he had to give his patients a sense of security

小题3:Sigmund Freud held the idea that the painful memories of childhood ______.

A．could be forgotten forever

B．could have a life-long influence

C．could become wises and desires

D．could be understood unconsciously

小题4:If an adult parent feels the memories of childhood painful, the patient would probably ______.

A．have physical and mental problems

B．be greatly influenced by them

C．have a better understanding of life

D．have a healthier and happier life

小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D

试题分析：文章介绍Sigmund Freud使用和病人谈话，研究梦和催眠术来研究思维，结果表明童年的痛苦经历对一个人的一生都有影响，如果一个成年的病人能理解克服童年的痛苦，他的生活会更加健康和快乐。
小题1:细节题：从第二段的句子：He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams to search for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠术).可知 Sigmund Freud使用和病人谈话，研究梦和催眠术，也就是三种方法，研究思维，选C
小题2:细节题：从第三段的句子：Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved sitting with his patients and listening to them talk. He had them talk about whatever they were thinking. 可知 Sigmund Freud要努力让病人自由的谈话，选A
小题3:推理题：从第四段的句子：Freud believed that all the painful memories of childhood lay buried in the unconscious self. 可知 Sigmund Freud认为童年的痛苦经历对一个人的一生都有影响，选B
小题4:推理题：从第六段的句子：Using this way, Freud reasoned, the pain and emotional pressure of the past would be greatly weakened. They would lose their hold over the person's physical health. Soon the patient would get better.可知如果一个成年的病人感觉到童年的痛苦，他的生活会更加健康和快乐，选D

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