16．Losses from extreme floods in Europe could more than double by 2050，because of climate change and socioeconomic development．Understanding the risk caused by wide-area floods is of growing importance and will be key for managing climate adaptation．
Current flood losses in Europe are likely to double by 2050，according to a new study published in the journal Nature Climate Change by researchers from the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis （IIASA），the Institute for Environmental Studies in Amsterdam，and other European research centers．Socioeconomic growth accounts for about two-thirds of the increased risk，as development leads to more buildings and infrastructure （ 基础设施） that could be damaged in a flood．The other third of the increase comes from climate change，which is projected to change rainfall patterns in Europe．
"In this study we brought together professional knowledge from the fields of hydrology（水文学），economics，mathematics and climate change adaptation，allowing us for the first time to thoroughly assess（评估） continental flood risk and compare the different adaptation options，"says Brenden Jongman of the Institute for Environmental Studies in Amsterdam，who organized the study．
IIASA researcher，Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler，who led the modeling work on the study．says，"The new study for the first time accounts for the link between floods in different countries．Current risk-assessment models suppose that each river basin is independent．But in actuality，river flows across Europe are closely related，rising and falling in response to large-scale atmospheric patterns that bring rains and dry spells to large regions．"
"We need to be prepared for larger stress on risk financing method，such as the pan-European Solidarity Fund （EUSF），a financial tool for financing disaster recovery in the European Union．"
IIASA researcher Reinhard Mechler，another study co-author，points out the larger implications arising from the analysis．He says，"There is room for better managing flood risk through risk prevention，such as using moveable flood walls，risk financing and increased unity between countries．There is no one-size-fits-all solution，and the risk management measures have very different efficiency，equity and acceptability implications．These need to be assessed and considered in broader consultation，for which the analysis provides an all-round basis．"
43．What's the best title of the passage？C
A．Flood has been a great challenge to the world．
B．Flood has caused great losses in Europe．
C．European flood risk could double by 2050．
D．European flood does damage to the environment．
44．According to the passage，which of the following is correct？B
A．The study was done by a European research center alone．
B．Socioeconomic growth is the main increased risk．
C．Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler led all the work on the study．
D．The study offered professional knowledge to the European．
45．What do Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler's words in Paragraph 4suggest？A
A．The new study offers us a more scientific risk-assessment model．
B．None of the current risk-assessment models are useful for us．
C．Every country should have its special risk-assessment model．
D．All the countries can turn to EUSF for financing disaster recovery．
46．Which of the followings may be supported by Reinhard Mechler？D
A．The current risk management measures can work perfectly．
B．Using moveable flood walls is the best way of managing flood risk．
C．There is not a proper solution for us to manage flood risk．
D．Any risk management measure should be based on the specific situation．
分析 在欧洲洪水到2050年带来的损失可能会翻倍，其中受影响最大的是社会经济，但研究人员说还需要进一步的数据分析．
解答 43-46．CBAD
43．C 主旨大意题．根据第一段Losses from extreme floods in Europe could more than double by 2050，because of climate change and socioeconomic development．在欧洲洪水到2050年带来的损失可能会翻倍．
44．B 细节理解题．通过第二段Socioeconomic growth accounts for about two-thirds of the increased risk，社会经济增长占据风险的三分之二，所以社会经济是主要的受损．A项错在 alone；根据Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler，who led the modeling work on the study可判断C是错误的；D在文章没有提到．
45．A 细节理解题．根据这个人所说的话Current risk-assessment models suppose that each river basin is independent．But in actuality尤其是but后面的转折可知，这个研究给我们提供了一种更加科学的研究模式．
46．D 推理判断题．在最后一段points out the larger implications arising from the analysis他指出更大的应用来自于分析．
点评 阅读这类文章时，也应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息．细节题题干都是相应原文的变形（如同义改写、词性转换等），因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较．做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果．
