Question

【题目】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

Emphasizing social play in kindergarten improves academics

Emphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also 【1】 children’s joy in learning and teachers’ enjoyment of teaching.

“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods 【2】 information, they need to be allowed to be 【3】 and be encouraged to learn by doing,” said Dr. Adele Diamond, the study’s lead author. “Indeed, people of all ages learn better by doing than by being told.”

Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues 【4】 the effectiveness of a curriculum called Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 children with different backgrounds in 18 public schools.

Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic 【5】 is that social-emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools 【6】 the role of social play in developing skills such as self-control, selective attention and planning. “Skills like self-control and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness (入学准备) than intelligence quotient (IQ),” said Diamond. “This experiment is the first to show 【7】 of a curriculum emphasizing social play.”

Teachers reported more 【8】 behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt 【9】 and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted. “I have enjoyed seeing the 【10】 progress my students have made in writing and reading.” said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. “I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn’t want to miss school, even if they were sick.”

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】G

【2】H

【3】F

【4】J

【5】B

【6】A

【7】I

【8】D

【9】E

【10】C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。UBC的新研究发现，在幼儿园强调社交游戏和学生互相帮助可以提高学习成绩、自我控制和注意力调节。文章主要介绍了一门名为“思维工具”(Tools of the Mind，简称Tools)的课程的有效性。

【1】考查动词。根据最后一段的Late in the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt _____9_____ and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted.可知，这种幼儿园课程设置的方法也增加了孩子们学习的乐趣和教师教学的乐趣。故选G。

【2】考查非谓语动词。句意：阿黛尔·戴蒙德博士说:“在孩子们能够长时间坐着获取信息之前，他们需要被允许活跃，并被鼓励在实践中学习。”。本句的谓语为have，设空处需用现在分词做伴随状语，结合句意可知，用absorbing。故选H。

【3】考查形容词。句意同上。设空处位于be后，用形容词作表语，结合句意可知，用active。故选F。

【4】考查动词。根据下文介绍了实验的结果可知，此处是指通过一项对照实验，戴蒙德和她的同事们分析了一门名为“思维工具”(Tools of the Mind，简称Tools)的课程的有效性。根据语境可知，要用一般过去式。故选J。

【5】考查名词。句意：它的基本原则是，社会情感发展和提高自我控制能力与教授学术技能和内容同样重要。结合上文“Before children have the ability to sit for long periods _____2_____ information, they need to be allowed to be _____3_____ and be encouraged to learn by doing,” 可知，这是它的原则。故选B。

【6】考查动词。根据上文可知，工具强调的是社会角色在发展自我控制、选择性注意和计划等技能中的作用。emphasize强调，根据句意可知，此处陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是The Tools （一门课程名称），因此谓语用单三形式。故选A。

【7】考查名词。句意：这个实验首次显示了强调社交游戏的课程的好处。结合下文语境及句意可知，此处是指展示的好处。故选I。

【8】考查非谓语动词。句意：在工具课上，教师报告了更多的帮助行为和更强的社区意识。根据上文提到工具课的好处可知，此处是指帮助性的行为，位于名词前需用现在分词作定语，用helping。故选D。

【9】考查形容词。句意：工具组的教师报告说，他们仍然对教学感到充满热情和兴奋，而对照组的教师则筋疲力尽。根据空前的felt和空后的and excited可知，此处用修饰人的形容词，energized充满热情的。故选E。

【10】考查形容词。根据下文的“I have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning.可知，学生们取得了很大的进步，enormous形容词，意思是“巨大的”。故选C。