Research shows that much of our predisposition towards determination, sociability and selfcontrol and sense of purpose is in our genes. In fact, our DNA plays a bigger role in influencing these t 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Research shows that much of our predisposition (倾向) towards determination, sociability and selfcontrol and sense of purpose is in our genes. In fact, our DNA plays a bigger role in influencing these traits (characteristics) than our upbringing (儿童期的教养) and the company we keep. Taken together, these aspects of personality can make the difference between success and failure, say the Edinburgh University researchers.
They questioned more than 800 pairs of twins about their attitudes to life to tease apart the influences of nature and nurture. Comparing identical twins, who share all their DNA and their upbringing, with nonidentical twins, who have a shared background but are no more genetically alike than other brothers and sisters, is a technique often used by researchers to quantify the influence of genetics.
The results, published in the Journal of Personality, showed that genes play a much bigger role than lifestyle, with selfcontrol particularly etched (铭刻) into our DNA.
Our genes also largely determine how determined and persistent we are. This is important in terms of success, as someone who refuses to give up is more likely to achieve their dreams than someone_who_throws_in_the_towel_at_the_first_hiccough.
Researcher Professor Timothy Bates said, “Ever since the ancient Greeks, people have debated the nature of a good life and the nature of a virtuous life. Why do some people seem to manage their lives, have good relationships and cooperate to achieve their goals while others do not? Previously, the role of family and the environment around the home often controlled people's ideas about what affected psychological wellbeing. However, this work emphasizes a much more powerful influence from genetics.”
However, those who haven't been dealt a helpful hand of genes shouldn't be too depressed. The professor says a sense of purpose is the key and advises those who are eager for success to focus their thoughts on making a difference.
小题1:What does the result of the research indicate?

A．Our DNA is the only factor to decide our traits.

B．Our DNA plays a decisive role in achieving success.

C．Education plays little part in the formation of our character.

D．Society has little effect on us in our personality.

小题2:The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to someone who ________.

A．is born successful

B．determines to make a difference

C．makes great effort

D．admits defeat easily

小题3:Timothy Bates mentions the ancient Greeks in order to indicate that ________.

A．some people can live a good life because they can manage their lives

B．people haven't made it clear yet what is the key personality trait to be a success

C．in ancient Greece the role of family and the environment was ignored

D．the relationship between personality and success has always been people's concern

小题4:According to the passage, the key personality trait is ________.

A．determination	B．kindness
C．politeness	D．sociability

小题5:What is the best title for the passage?

A．How do people work hard?

B．Why can some people succeed?

C．DNA determines success or failure.

D．Several factors determine personality.

小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:C

文章大意：最新研究发现，基因在人一生的成败中起着关键性的作用。
小题1:答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段“Taken together, these aspects of personality can make the difference between success and failure”可知，答案为B。
小题2:答案：D　推理判断题。根据句中someone who refuses to give up和than可推断，这里指轻易认输的人，故答案为D。
小题3:答案：D　推理判断题。根据第五段“Ever since the ancient Greeks, people have debated the nature of a good life and the nature of a virtuous life”和下文内容可推断，答案为D。
小题4:答案：A　推理判断题。根据末段“The professor says a sense of purpose is the key and advises those who are eager for success to focus their thoughts on making in difference”可推断，答案为A。
小题5:答案：C　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了基因在人一生的成败中起着关键性的作用，故答案为C。

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A．entirely	B．nearly
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小题2:

A．and	B．but
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小题3:

A．assess	B．fear
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小题4:

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小题5:

A．understand	B．appreciate
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小题6:

A．enough	B．specific
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小题7:

A．survived	B．escaped
C．collapsed	D．sacrificed

小题8:

A．hope	B．power
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小题9:

A．unfamiliar	B．unbelievable
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小题10:

A．harder	B．bigger
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小题11:

A．weaken	B．strengthen
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小题12:

A．upset	B．flattered
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小题13:

A．urged	B．promised
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小题14:

A．flashed	B．appeared
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小题15:

A．notice	B．hear
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小题16:

A．impossible	B．important
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小题17:

A．produced	B．imitated
C．invented	D．spotted

小题18:

A．goals	B．efforts
C．directions	D．barriers

小题19:

A．challenges	B．strengths
C．situations	D．limitations

小题20:

A．history	B．change
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B．draw pictures of animals.

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A．promoting

B．changing

C．enlarging

D．increasing

小题2:

A．talk

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C．deal

D．fight

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B．body

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A．suggests

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C．encourages

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小题5:

A．supposed

B．concerned

C．wanted

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小题6:

A．Ignore

B．Ask

C．Escape

D．Avoid

小题7:

A．common

B．indirect

C．accurate

D．specific

小题8:

A．unless

B．because

C．if

D．when

小题9:

A．thought

B．understanding

C．conversation

D．saying

小题10:

A．response

B．love

C．news

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小题11:

A．fit into

B．put into

C．object to

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小题12:

A．examine

B．teach

C．enjoy

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小题13:

A．day

B．future

C．failures

D．studies

小题14:

A．Exciting

B．Disappointing

C．Shocking

D．Frightening

小题15:

A．fighting

B．struggling

C．concerning

D．pushing

小题16:

A．carrying on with

B．holding on to

C．keeping up with

D．keeping out of

小题17:

A．Worries

B．Conversations

C．Topics

D．Questions

小题18:

A．parties

B．people

C．members

D．families

小题19:

A．grasp

B．find

C．hang

D．keep

小题20:

A．be silent

B．keep smiling

C．listen to

D．be friendly

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科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

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They call it the “curse(诅咒)of Silicon Valley,” but the medical name for the condition is autism(自闭症). It used to be thought that autism was a kind of mental illness. Now doctors are sure that it is a neurological disease transmitted genetically. It seems that the people leading the communications revolution are having children who cannot communicate at all.
But even the parents have trouble communicating. Asperger’s Syndrome is a mild version of autism. People who have it are highly intelligent and often brilliant with numbers or system but have no social skill. This very combination of symptoms makes Asperger’s sufferers into ideal computer professionals.
The Asperger’s sufferer has always been a well—known figure in popular culture. He or she was the eccentric but dedicated scholar or the strange uncle or auntie who never married. But the high numbers of such people in Silicon Valley mean that they can meet others who understand them and share their interests. And while they might not be personally attractive, they can earn truly attractive amounts of money. They can get married and have kids. Unfortunately, many of the children of two Asperger’s parents seem to be developing serious autism.
There is little anyone can do. It takes hours of work just to make autistic child realize that anyone else exists. And there is no cure in sight. Some argue that no cure should be found. “It may be that autistics are essentially different from normal people, but that these differences make them invaluable for the evolution of the human race,” says Dr. Kirk Whilhelmsen of the University of California. “To eliminate the genes for autism could be disastrous. ”
It seems that the children of Silicon Valley are paying the price of genius.
小题1:What does Dr Kirk Whilhelmsen think of autism?

A．It is disastrous to society.

B．It is not completely a bad thing.

C．It is a punishment to those working in Silicon Valley.

D．People with autism should never marry.

小题2:What can we learn about autism according to the passage?

A．It is believed to be a king of mental illness that can be cured.

B．People with autism can’t find people sharing their interests.

C．They do not care about the presence of others.

D．They are a burden for the society.

小题3:Why do people call autism “curse of Silicon Valley”？

A．Because autistic people live in Silicon Valley.

B．Because many people working in Silicon Valley have autism children.

C．Because people with autism will be driven out of Silicon Valley.

D．Because people with autism are not personally attractive and not liked by others.

小题4:What can we know about Asperger’s Syndrome according to the passage?

A．Asperger’s sufferers are ideal computer professionals.

B．Asperger’s sufferers never get married and have children.

C．Asperger’s sufferers are ashamed of themselves and locked into their own world.

D．Asperger’s sufferers can be beneficial to society if they are cured.

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