Question

14．A team of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning what's happening in their brains．
When you look at something，your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain．Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send．Cells in your brain called neurons（神经元） are responsible for this processing．
　　The fMRI （functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging功能性磁共振造影） brain scans could generally match electrical activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at．
　　Like cells anywhere else in your body，active neurons use oxygen．Blood brings oxygen to the neurons，and the more active a neuron is，the more oxygen it will consume．The more active a region of the brain，the more active its neurons，and in turn，the more blood will travel to that region．And by using fMRI，scientists can visualize which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood--and therefore，which parts are working to process information．
　　An fMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain．The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks，looks at something，or carries out an activity like speaking or reading．By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images，fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images．
　　The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects，like people，animals，and fruits．The scientists used an fMRI machine to record the volunteers'brain activity with each photograph they looked at．Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers'brains to light up on the scan，indicating activity．The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see．
In a second test，the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures．Like before，their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image．This time，the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image．For example，if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern of brain activity that was strongly，related to pictures of apples in the first test，their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples．
51．What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes？C
A．A small region of the brain．
B．The central part of the brain．
C．Neurons in the brain．
D．Oxygen-rich blood．
52．Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer？D
A．Cells in your brain are called neurons．
B The more oxygen a neuron consumes，the more blood it needs．
C fMRI helps scientists to discover which parts of the brain process information．
D fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently．
53．"Highlighting the areas of the brain at work"meansA
A．"marking the parts of the brain that are processing information"
B．"giving light to the parts of the brain that are processing information"
C．"putting the parts of the brain to work"
D．"stopping the parts of the brain from working"
54．What did the researchers experiment on？B
A Animals，objects，and fruits．
B Two volunteers．
C fMRI machines．
D Thousands of pictures．
55．What is the best title for the passage？A
A．Mind-reading Machine
B．A Technological Dream
C．Device that can Help You Calculate
D．The Recent Development in Science and Technology．

Answer 1

分析 本文为科技说明文，文章告诉我们研究者能够通过fMRI浏览大脑活动预测人们看到的物体．fMRI帮助科学家发现大脑的某一部分接受了更多的含氧丰富的血液，找到大脑工作的区域；然后帮助科学家把大脑活动的具体模式和不同的图象联系起来，最终判断人们看到的物体．

解答 51．答案是C．细节理解题；由第二段中的"Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send．Cells in your brain called neurons（神经元） are responsible for this processing．（大脑的不同区域处理眼睛发送的信息．大脑中被称之为神经元的细胞负责处理）"可以判断大脑中的神经元处理眼睛发送的信息，故选C．
52．答案是D．细节理解题；由第四段中"．And by using fMRI，scientists can visualize which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood--and therefore，which parts are working to process information．（通过运用fMRI，科学家能够看见大脑的哪一部分接受更多含氧丰富的血液，因此这部分就在处理信息．）"可知，fMRI是帮助科学家发现大脑的哪一部分处理信息，而非如何聪明地开发大脑，故选D．
53．答案是A．语句理解题；由第四段的最后一句判断，科学家通过发现哪一部分接受的含氧丰富的血液多，哪一部分就在处理信息；结合第五段中"By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images，fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images．"可知，标注了运行的区域，fMRI能够帮助科学家把大脑活动的具体模式与不同的形象联系起来，故选A．
54．答案选B．细节理解题；由第六段的第一句"The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects，like people，animals，and fruits．"可知，研究者让两名志愿者看不同的图片检测他们大脑的活动，故选B．
55．答案是A；主旨大意题；本文为科技说明文，文章告诉我们研究者能够通过fMRI浏览大脑活动预测人们看到的物体，然后对此展开说明：理论依据和如何实验；可见本文主要是向我们介绍fMRI如何帮助人们读懂大脑的活动，故选A．

点评 科普文通常学术性较强，结构严谨，往往采用总-分-总或总-分的结构，且每段的第一句话大多是主旨句．如果抓住了科普文的首尾和每段的第一句话，那么整篇文章的中心思想便了然于心．在做细节题时根据题干定位细节，在语境中正确理解原句，然后对照选项做出合理的判断．