Question

【题目】

Researchers from the University of Michigan have found that astronauts’ brains change shape during spaceflight. It is the first study【1】(look) into how the brain changes in space. Researchers looked at high-tech MRI(磁共振成像)pictures of the brains of 26 astronauts who spent time in space. Twelve of the【2】(astronaut) spent two weeks on the Space Shuttle, and 14 spent six months on the International Space Station. All of them【3】(experience) increases and decreases in the size of 【4】(differ) parts of the brain. The longer an astronaut spent in space ,the 【5】(big) the size differences were.

The research produced some【6】(interest) findings. One was that on gravity means fluids do not drop in the body, 【7】there is a shift in the brain’s position inside the skull. The brain becomes either smaller or bigger. The findings could help doctors to treat problems that affect the brain’s function. They could treat people with problems 【8】(cause)by long-term bed rest. They could also help those who have a build-up of fluid in the brain, which can lead【9】brain damage. We will understand more about 【10】neurons(神经元)in the brain connect. The findings will also help future trips to Mars.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】to look

【2】astronauts

【3】experienced

【4】different

【5】bigger

【6】interesting

【7】so

【8】caused

【9】to

【10】how

【解析】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。研究发现，在飞行过程中，宇航员的大脑会改变形状。

【1】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“to look into how the brain changes in space”是定语，修饰the first study。当名词前有序数词修饰时，后面经常接动词不定式做定语。

【2】考查名词。astronaut是可数名词。且根据“twelve of ...”可知，宇航员不止一个，故应用名词复数形式。

【3】考查时态。由上文可知，该句描述的过去的事情，故该句应用一般过去时态。

【4】考查形容词。different是形容词，修饰名词parts。

【5】考查形容词比较级。句意：宇航员在太空度过的时间越长，差别就越大。该句考查the +比较级，the+比较级结构，意为“越……，越……”。故该空应填big的比较级bigger。

【6】考查形容词。interesting是形容词，意为“有趣的，有意思的”，修饰名词findings。

【7】考查连词。句意：一个发现是，重力意味着液体不会落到体内，所以，颅骨内大脑的位置有所变化。前后两句之间是因果关系，故该空应填连词so。

【8】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可以治疗一些人，这些人因为长期卧床引发了一些问题。分析句子结构可知，“caused by long-term bed rest”是定语，修饰problems，problems和cause之间是被动关系，故用过去分词做定语。

【9】考查介词。句意：他们还可以帮助那些有脑积液的人，脑积液导致大脑损伤。lead to是固定搭配，意为“导致，造成”。

【10】考查名词性从句。句意：我们将会更多地了解大脑内的神经元是如何连接在一起的。分析句子结构可知，“how neurons(神经元)in the brain connect”是宾语从句。结合句意，该从句应用how引导。