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    We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?" "When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "And why didn’t Paul pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.

    Why do we go wrong about our friends – or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen we miss the feelings behind the words. Suppose someone tells you，"You’re a lucky dog." that’s being friendly. But "lucky dog"? There’s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn’t see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn’t think you deserve your luck.

    "Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It’s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven’t got a date for Saturday night.

    How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words? One way is to take a good look at the person while talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

    1.In the first paragraph, the writer recalls some things that happened between some friends and they __________.

    A．think it was a mistake to have broken up with their girl friends

    B．feel happy, thinking of how nice their friends were to them in the past

    C．feel very sorry that their friends didn't help them and let them down

    D．feel they may not have "read" their friends' true feelings correctly

    2.In this passage, the writer tries to tell us how to __________.

    A．avoid mistakes about money and our friends

    B．avoid mistakes in understanding what people really want to tell us

    C．"size up" people in a more scientific and meaningful way

    D．keep people friendly without trusting them any more

    3.While we are listening to a person, the important thing for us is __________.

    A．to check his words against his manner, tone of voice and posture

    B．to notice his tone of voice, his posture, and the look in his eyes

    C．to listen to how he pronounces his words in front of you

    D．not to believe what he says in any situation or any time

    4.According to this passage, the underlined phrase "puts you down" can be replaced by another phrase "__________".

    A．reduces you to silence                   B．presses you down

    C．makes you humble                      D．makes you sad

     

    【答案】

    1.D

    2.B

    3.A

    4.C

    【解析】

    试题分析：这篇文章这是一篇典型的现象分析类议论文。讲的是人们会犯错，为什么会犯错，怎么避免。

    1.推理题，根据第一段作者所罗列的一些事实来判断作者的态度。根据A，C，D的选项， A说作者认为跟他的女友分手是个错误，B说作者感到高兴，他朋友们对他很好。C说作者感到伤心，朋友们让他失望了。这几个选项都太片面，只是针对其中的一个事例来做出判断，不全面，所以选D，他认为他也许没有正确地理解朋友们的真实含义。

    2.主旨题。根据我们通过略读找到的位于段落开头的三个段落主题句，可以发现答案是B

    3.细节题，通过浏览问题，可以了解这道问题的意图是询问如何做的问题，根据略读了解到的段落主题，答案应该是在最后一段提出建议中寻找，所以答案是A

    4.猜词题：从文章的句子：But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little.可知在话语中加上dog会使你低下。选C

    考点：考查生活类短文

    点评：这是一篇典型的现象分析类议论文。通过浏览文章每个段落的开头字段“we can make mistakes, why, how”,可以初步判断是一篇提出问题，分析问题和解决问题的议论文。 通过略读主题句，我们可以分别在每个段落的开头位置找到三个段落的主题句，由此可以明确这篇文章是典型的分析-建议类型的议论文，以及了解每个段落的段落大意

     

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