Question

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; _________________, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way children, learning to do all the other things without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle, compare their own performances（表现）with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he became dependent on the teacher.
Why should we teachers waste time on such tiring work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end all this nonsense（荒谬的）of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
We should, of course, offer help to them just as they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated（复杂的）and rapidly changing as ours. Don’t worry! If something is basic, they will go out into the world and learn it.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 8 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Teachers seem to think that a child can’t find out a mistake or correct it without their help.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题3:Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.
(No more than 10 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题4:According to the passage, what should a teacher do? (No more than 15 words.)
A teacher should ______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards grades, exams and marks at school?
(No more than 5 words.)
The author thinks _____________________________________________________________

Answer 1

小题1:Let children judge their own work. /Let children learn by themselves. /Give children chances to learn by themselves.
小题2:We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to.
小题3:If (he is) corrected too much/frequently/toooften
小题4:(A teacher should) offer help when a child asks for it. A teacher should help the child when he can’t find the way to get the right answer.
小题5:(The author thinks) them (that they are) nonsense /useless/ meaningless/pointless/(that) they make no sense.

试题分析：让孩子们自己评判他们的学习，让他们自己去发现错误并自己改正错误。作者为老师，应该转变以前那种给学生指出错误并监督他们改正的教学观念，注重培养孩子独立思考和判断的能力。
小题1:根据第一段“Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time ...But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them.”可知，文章大意说的是，让孩子学会自己评判他们的工作，老师要给孩子自学的机会。故填Let children judge their own work. /Let children learn by themselves. /Give children chances to learn by themselves.
小题2:根据第一段“We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to.”可知，老师认为，如果不给孩子指出错误，他就不会注意到那个错误；如果不让孩子去改正错误，他就不会去改正。故填We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to.
小题3:根据“A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time”中的all the time可知，不应该一直提醒孩子要纠正错误，而应该让孩子自己发现并加以改正。故填If (he is) corrected too much/frequently/too often。
小题4:根据第二段“Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer.”和第三段“We should, of course, offer help to them just as they ask for it.”可知，老师应该做的事情是，当孩子找不到答案向老师求助时，老师才伸出援助之手。故填(A teacher should) offer help when a child asks for it. A teacher should help the child when he can’t find the way to get the right answer.
小题5:根据“Let’s end all this nonsense（荒谬的）of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out”中的nonsense可知，作者认为分数和考试是没有意义的，故填(The author thinks) them (that they are) nonsense /useless/ meaningless/pointless/(that) they make no sense.