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1.The shocking collapse of one of the West Coast's biggest wild salmon runs has prompted even cash-trapped fishermen to call for an unprecedented (空前的) shutdown of salmon fishing off the coasts of California and Oregon.
The Sacramento River salmon run is usually one of the most productive on the Pacific Coast,providing the bulk of the salmon caught by sport and commercial   trollers off California and Oregon.
But only about 90,000adult salmon returned to the Central Valley last fall--the second lowest number on record and well below the number needed to maintain a healthy fishery.That number is projected to fall to a record low of58.000this year.
The council,which regulates Pacific Coast fisheries,will choose between three management options:a total ban on salmon fishing off the coast of California and Oregon;extremely limited fishing in select areas;or catch-and-release fishing for scientific research.
For consumers,it will be hard to find any Chinook,also known as king salmon.which are prized by trollers,seafood critics and upscale restaurants.There should still be abundant supplies of farm-raised salmon.but prices could be higher.
Biologists and others are trying to figure out what caused the salmon collapse so they can make sure California's Chinook populations rebound.
There are many potential factors,because wild salmon are born in streams and rivers,migrate to the ocean when they're juveniles and spend two to four years there before returning to spawn(产卵)in the areas where they were born. In between they have to navigate the often dangerous waters of the Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay.
The council has asked state and federal scientists to research possible causes,including water diversions,habitat destruction,dam operations,agricultural pollution,and ocean conditions.Many scientists point out that unusual weather patterns disrupted the marine food chain along the Pacific Coast in 2005,when thousands of seabirds washed up dead or starving because they couldn't find enough to eat.
Researchers believe those poor ocean conditions also devastated the juvenile salmon that would have returned to the Central Valley last year.Young Chinook couldn't find the tiny shrimp and fish they depend onto survive.

36.The underlined word"troller"in the 2nd paragraph meansA.
A.fisherman    B.merchant    C.seafood dealer  D.organizer
37.Which of the following statements is true about the passage?A
A.Last fall,there was the second lowest number of grown salmon returning on record.
B.The salmon migrates to the ocean when they grow up.
C.The farm-raised salmon is not as delicious and nutrients as the wild salmon.
D.Salmon fishing off the coasts of California and Oregon is strictly forbidden.
38.The underlined sentence"In between they have to navigate the often dangerous waters of the Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay."in Para 7indicates thatC.
A.a11the salmon with their young are able to come back to their birthplace.
B.Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay are off the coast of California.
C the salmon has to be strong enough to survive the rapid flowing waters.
D.the salmon has to swim across the Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay once in their life.
39.The possible causes of the salmon decrease mentioned do NOT includeC.
A.abnormal weather patterns broke me marine food chain along the Pacific Coast
B.bad ocean condition prevented the salmon from returning to their birthplace
C.many salmons are eaten in the ocean before they are capable of returning
D.the dam operation may change the salmons'living environment in the river
40.The passage is mainly about--.B
A.the agricultural pollution soils the coast,
B.the declining number of salmon could bring fishing ban
C.the disrupted food chain in the Pacific Coast
D.the fishermen could make little profit of salmon.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了太平洋地区鲑鱼由于河流改道,栖息地的破坏,大坝运行、农业污染、海洋条件等原因数量急剧减少,委员会规定了太平洋沿岸渔业,将在三个管理选项之间进行选择:全面禁止在加利福尼亚和俄勒冈沿海的鲑鱼捕捞;在选择区域非常有限的捕捞;或捕获和释放捕鱼的科学研究.

解答 36.A.词义推断题.根据文章第二段"The Sacramento River salmon run is usually one of the most productive on the Pacific Coast,providing the bulk of the salmon caught by sport and commercial   trollers off California and Oregon",萨克拉门托河的鲑鱼运行通常是在太平洋海岸区最富有成效的,提供的大量被体育和商业渔民捕捉的鲑鱼控制了加利福尼亚和俄勒冈,可推出该词是渔民的意思;故选A.
37.A.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"But only about 90,000adult salmon returned to the Central Valley last fall--the second lowest number on record and well below the number needed to maintain a healthy fishery",但去年秋天只有约90000adult鲑鱼返回中央谷--第二低数量的纪录,远低于需要保持一个健康的渔业的数量;故选A.
38.C.推理判断题.根据文章第七段"because wild salmon are born in streams and rivers,migrate to the ocean when they're juveniles and spend two to four years there before returning to spawn(产卵)in the areas where they were born",可推测鲑鱼必须强大到足以在快速流动的水域生存才能安全产卵;故选C.
39.C.细节理解题.根据文章第八段"including water diversions,habitat destruction,dam operations,agricultural pollution,and ocean conditions."可知在海洋中吃掉并不是它们数量减少的原因;故选C.
40.B.主旨大议题.通读全文,可知文章主要在讲太平洋地区鲑鱼数量急剧减少,委员会规定了太平洋沿岸渔业要保护鲑鱼;故选B.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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