分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了太平洋地区鲑鱼由于河流改道,栖息地的破坏,大坝运行、农业污染、海洋条件等原因数量急剧减少,委员会规定了太平洋沿岸渔业,将在三个管理选项之间进行选择:全面禁止在加利福尼亚和俄勒冈沿海的鲑鱼捕捞;在选择区域非常有限的捕捞;或捕获和释放捕鱼的科学研究.
解答 36.A.词义推断题.根据文章第二段"The Sacramento River salmon run is usually one of the most productive on the Pacific Coast,providing the bulk of the salmon caught by sport and commercial trollers off California and Oregon",萨克拉门托河的鲑鱼运行通常是在太平洋海岸区最富有成效的,提供的大量被体育和商业渔民捕捉的鲑鱼控制了加利福尼亚和俄勒冈,可推出该词是渔民的意思;故选A.
37.A.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"But only about 90,000adult salmon returned to the Central Valley last fall--the second lowest number on record and well below the number needed to maintain a healthy fishery",但去年秋天只有约90000adult鲑鱼返回中央谷--第二低数量的纪录,远低于需要保持一个健康的渔业的数量;故选A.
38.C.推理判断题.根据文章第七段"because wild salmon are born in streams and rivers,migrate to the ocean when they're juveniles and spend two to four years there before returning to spawn(产卵)in the areas where they were born",可推测鲑鱼必须强大到足以在快速流动的水域生存才能安全产卵;故选C.
39.C.细节理解题.根据文章第八段"including water diversions,habitat destruction,dam operations,agricultural pollution,and ocean conditions."可知在海洋中吃掉并不是它们数量减少的原因;故选C.
40.B.主旨大议题.通读全文,可知文章主要在讲太平洋地区鲑鱼数量急剧减少,委员会规定了太平洋沿岸渔业要保护鲑鱼;故选B.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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