You may not know it but on our biosphere -Earth-there is also a relatively unknown world hiding in plain sight．It is made up of microbes that live on floating pieces of plastic floating on the ocean� 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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11．You may not know it but on our biosphere （生物圈）-Earth-there is also a relatively unknown world hiding in plain sight．It is made up of microbes （微生物） that live on floating pieces of plastic floating on the ocean．
This"Plastisphere"of microbial organism living on ocean plastic was first discovered last year and it is now getting studied．When researchers first examined the Plastisphere，they found at least 1，000different types of microbes living on the tiny plastic islands，and worried that they might cause a risk to larger animals and humans．They also found that the Plastisphere's microbes included bacteria known to cause diseases in animals and humans．Since then，researchers have been trying to figure out why these potentially dangerous bacteria live on the Plastisphere，how they gt there and how they are affecting the surrounding ocean．
New evidence suggests that"super-colonizers"form seeable clusters （丛） on the plastic in minutes．Other findings indicate that some types of harmful bacteria favor plastics more than others．And，scientists are exploring if fish or other ocean animals may be helping these pathogens （病原体） develop quickly by taking in the plastic．That could allow bacteria to acquire additional nutrients as they pass through the guts（肠子） of the fish，said Tracy Mincer，an associate scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Woods hole．Mass．
Showing this information could help scientists better understand how much of a potential threat these harmful bacteria cause and the role the Plastisphere plays in the largest ocean ecosystem，including its potential to change nutrients in the water．That information could also help reduce the impact of plastic pollution in the ocean，Mincer said．

28．Researchers are worried about the microbes living on the floating pieces of plastic because．B
A．they might break the balance of the ecosystem in the sea
B．they might cause diseases to sea animals or humans
C．they will make the sea polluted more severely
D．they may reduce the food for the fish in the sea
29．How long does it take the microbes to form seeable clusters．on the plastic．D
A．Several years．
B．A week
C．A few seconds．
D．A few minutes
30．What s the passage mainly about？C
A．The latest research on the Ocean．
B．Plastisphere affecting the surrounding Ocean．
C．The secret world of the floating ocean Plastisphere．
D．Worries about the microbes on floating pieces of plastic．
31．What can we infer from the last paragraph？C
A．The process of the study still has a long way to go．
B．The potential threat of the bacteria does great harm to animals and humans．
C．The study is of great significance．
D．Scientists are studying further information about the microbes．

分析本文是一篇说明文阅读，主要向读者介绍了生存在海洋漂浮塑料物上的一些微生物，他们给人类和其他海洋生物的安全带来了潜在的威胁．科学家们一直在研究微生物和寻找减少海洋塑料污染的办法．

解答 28．B 细节理解题．根据第二段They also found that the Plastisphere's microbes included bacteria known to cause diseases in animals and humans．可知研究者之所以担心这些微生物，是因为它们有可能给动物和人类带来疾病．故选B．
29．D 细节理解题．根据第三段New evidence suggests that"super-colonizers"form seeable clusters （丛） on the plastic in minutes．可知这种微生物只需要几分钟的时间就可以在塑料上形成肉眼可见的菌丛．故选D．
30．C 主旨大意题．本文主要向读者揭秘了地球上一些鲜为人知的微生物，它们生存在海洋中漂浮着的塑料上．C项意为"海洋中漂浮塑料物的秘密世界"．故选C．
31．C 理解推断题．根据最后一段Showing this information could help scientists better understand how much of a potential threat these harmful bacteria cause可知显示此信息可以帮助科学家们更好地了解这些有害细菌引起了多少潜在的威胁，由此得知科学家们正在进一步的研究微生物．故选C．

点评本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度，只要抓住文章的关键词，采用寻读的方法查找细节，就能找到正确答案．

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