Question

9．The World Health Organization says there has been a sharp increase in the number of over-weight children in developing countries．In African countries，the WHO says the number of over-weight or obese children is twice as high as it was 20 years ago．Around the world，about 43 million children under the age of five were overweight in 2013．
    Overweight and obese children are more likely to become overweight and obese adults．The
condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases．
     Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development．He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often，which has a high sugar，fat and salt content．He also says people are gaining weight because of their lack of activities．They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot．
     The WHO experts say to lower obesity rates is especially complex in countries that also deal with high rates of infectious（感染性的） diseases．
     The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals and countries．The organization says you should lower your intake of fat，sugar，salt and processed food and eat more fruits，'vegetables and increase physical activity．The WHO says these actions are especially important for children．
     And WHO expert Branca says mothers should breastfeed their babies for at least the first six months of life，if possible．More importantly，governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help．In his view，government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar，fat and salt．"Reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy．The goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries．"he adds．
51．What is the main idea of Paragraph l？B
A．Children in developing countries generally weigh too much．
B．Overweight children in developing countries have increased greatly．
C．The number of overweight children in the world has doubled．
D．The World Health Organization has increased greatly．
52．According to Branca，people are becoming overweight because of their changes inA
A．lifestyles                     B．transportation
C．physical condition             D．school educational．
53．Which of the following word can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 2？D
A．cure         B．prevent       C．worsen        D．cause
54．According to WHO，which of the following is true？C
A．Poor nutrition is often related to children obesity．
B．To lower infectious disease rates is more complex than to lower obesity rates．
C．Eating less sugar and more vegetables helps lower obesity rates．
D．Increasing  physical activity is most effective to lower obesity rates．
55．What can we learn from the last Paragraph？B
A．Babies breastfed aren't likely to become overweight．
B．Governments should play a necessary role in fighting obesity．
C．Food producers should be stopped from marketing，food to children．
D．The number of overweight children decreases easily in wealthy countries．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要介绍了在发展中国家过度肥胖的孩子的数量在增加，这会使他们在以后的生活中产生很多的问题．文章提出了导致这些问题的原因和解决这样问题的措施．

解答 51．B 段落大意题．根据第一段The World Health Organization says there has been a sharp increase in the number of over-weight children in developing countries．可知在发展中国家过度肥胖的孩子的数量在增加．故选B．
52．A 细节理解题．根据第三段 Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development．He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often，which has a high sugar，fat and salt content．可知根据Branca所说，人们变胖是因为生活方式的改变．故选 A．
53．D 词义辨析题．根据第二段The condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases．可知这种情况会导致严重的像心脏病这样的问题，由此推知"generate"的意思是"导致"．故选D．
54．C 细节理解题．根据第五段The organization says you should lower your intake of fat，sugar，salt and processed food and eat more fruits，'vegetables and increase physical activity．The WHO says these actions are especially important for children．可知根据WHO所说，少吃糖多吃蔬菜可以有助于降低肥胖的几率．故选C．
55．B 细节理解题．根据最后一段More importantly，governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help．In his view，government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar，fat and salt．可知政府应该在对抗肥胖中发挥必要的作用．故选B．

点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度，只要抓住文章的关键词，采用寻读的方法查找细节，就能找到正确答案．