Question

14．The sounds you make while chewing have a significant effect on the amount of food you eat，a new study has found．The results suggest that people are likely to consume less if they can hear themselves eating．
Researchers at Brigham Young University and Colorado State University have found that your TV，radio and computer are making you fat．Not by bombarding （轰炸） you with food ads （though，they totally are） but by blocking the sounds of your chewing．In a recent study，they found that the noise your food makes while you're eating can have a significant effect on how much food you eat．
"Sound is typically labeled as the forgotten food sense，"adds Ryan Elder，assistant professor of marketing at BYU's Marriott School of Management．"But if people are more focused on the sound the food makes，it could reduce consumption．"
"For the most part，consumers and researchers have overlooked food sound as an important sensory cue in the eating experience，"said study coauthor Gina Mohr，an assistant professor of marketing at CSU．
The team carried out three separate experiments to quantify the effects of food sound on quantity of food consumed during a meal．In one experiment，participants were given snacks to eat while they wore headphones playing either loud or quiet noises．The ones loud enough to mask the sound of chewing made subjects eat more-4 pretzels compared to 2.75 pretzels for the"quiet"group．
In another of their experiments they found that just having people hear chewing sounds through an advertisement can decrease the amount they eat．
Elder and Morh call this the"Crunch Effect"．The main takeaway of their work should be the idea of mindfulness，they said．Being more mindful of not just the taste and physical appearance of food，but also of the sound it makes can help consumers to eat less．
"When you mask the sound of consumption，like when you watch TV while eating，you take away one of those senses and it may cause you to eat more than you would normally．"Elder said．
（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS）

78．Why do TV，radio and computer make people fat？Because they block the sound of chewing．/Because they mask the sound of consumption．
79．The researchers intended to find out the effects of food sound through experiments by observingthe quantity of food consumed by different groups．
80．What will happen to people if they hear chewing sounds through a food advertisement？They will eat less．/They will reduce their food consumption．/They will decrease the amount they eat．
81．Apart from sound，other sensory cues such astaste and physical appearance of foodmay influence food consumption．

Answer 1

分析 一项新研究发现，咀嚼时发出的声音对摄入食物的总量有着显著影响．该研究结果显示，如果人们能听到自己吃东西时发出的声音，则有可能会吃得更少．

解答 78．Because they block the sound of chewing．/Because they mask the sound of consumption．
细节理解题 根据第二段…have found that your TV，radio and computer are making you fat．Not by bombarding you with food ads，but by blocking the sounds of your chewing．可知，电视、广播和电脑让人长胖的原因在于他们掩盖了人们在咀嚼时所发出的声音．
79．the quantity of food consumed by different groups．
推理判断题  根据第五段…eat more-4 pretzels compared to 2.75 pretzels for the"quiet"group．可知，该团队是通过观察不同情况下的食量来研究进食声音对食量的影响情况的．
80．They will eat less．/They will reduce their food consumption．/They will decrease the amount they eat．
细节理解题  根据第六段…found that just having people hear chewing sounds through an advertisement can decrease the amount they eat．可知，让人们在吃饭时听广告中的咀嚼声可以减少人们的食量．
81．taste and physical appearance of food
细节理解题  根据…not just the taste and physical appearance of food，but also of the sound it makes can help consumers to eat less．可知，食物的味道和外形也可以影响人们的食量．

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