Question

Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, It is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon in an attempt to better understand long-term loneliness. These researchers have already identified three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.
The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation ---for example, a divorce, the death of a loved once, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. Situational loneliness is easy to understand and to predict.
The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
［写作内容］:
1) 以约30词概括短文的要点；
2) 以约120词就“孤独”这一话题谈谈你的看法，并包括以下要点：
a. 描述你感到孤独的某个时刻；
b. 解释你为什么觉得孤独,你怎样排除孤独感；
c. 根据你的经历，给出排除孤独的建议。
［写作要求］:
1. 可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得
直接引用原文中的句子；
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
［评分标准］:
概括准确、语言规范、内容合适、篇章连贯。

Answer 1

The passage states three types of loneliness---temporary, situational and chronic loneliness, among which temporary loneliness is the most common one, situational loneliness results from a certain situation and chronic loneliness is the most serious one.
When I was nine years old, I moved to Beijing with my parents, where I found it hard for me to adapt myself to the new surroundings. I didn’t get along well with my new fellow students because of my shyness and fear and I even didn’t want to talk to anybody. Never had I felt so lonely before.
Later, I found it easy to get rid of loneliness. Firstly, you can keep a diary, which can make you understand your feelings better so that you will have a good mood in your work and studies. Secondly, you can talk to somebody who can give you some useful advice on your physical and mental development. Last but not least, you should have an optimistic attitude towards what you are engaged in and be active to solve the problems ahead of you. Try your best and take it easy, and you are bound to overcome your loneliness. 

试题分析：本文讨论的话题是“孤独”；在第一部分的文字提示中把孤独分为3类：temporary, situational and chronic loneliness。分别说明了这三种孤独对人的不同的影响。个人感受方面可以列举自己感到孤单的某一个例子来具体说明。孤独的原因也许是远离家人，难以适应新环境，或者是工作生活方面的不如意导致内心难以平衡。要求考生在保证内容要点全部概括的基础上可以充分发挥自己的想象，进而用自己的语言来表达某种观点或看法，增添了写作的灵活性，同时能较好地考查考生的想象能力和英语语言表达能力。
点评：半开放性作文给出了一个话题，并有部分的文字提示。给考生自由发挥的余地较大。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。在完成开放性作文时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体，如besides, further, last but not least等。在发表个人观点的时候，可以使用谚语来提升整个文章的档次和文采，也能增加得高分的可能性。