5.Why do men die earlier than women?The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women's longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts hardly lose their pumping power with age.
"We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25percent between 18and 70years of age."said the head of the study,David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK."Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat.Between the age of 20and 70.one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,"said Goldspink."This is part of the ageing process."
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman's heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one's.
"This gender(性别)difference might just explain why women live longer than men,"said Goldspink.
They studied more than 250healthy men and women between the ages of 18and 80,focusing on heahhy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease.
The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,said Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise.Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.
68.The underlined word"longevity"in the second paragraph probably refers toB.
A.health
B.long life
C.ageing
D.effect
69.The text mainly talks aboutD.
A.men's heart cells
B.women's ageing process
C.the gender difference
D.hearts and long life
70.According to the text,the UK scientists have known thatC.
A.women have more cells than men when they are born
B.women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat
C.the female heart loses few of the cells with age
D.women never lose their pumping power with age
71.We can know from the passage thatA.
A.scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells
B.the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out
C.the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss
D.wome over 70could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20.
分析 本文介绍了女性比男性长寿的原因,就在于随着年龄的增长,男性的心脏日趋衰竭而女性的心脏却几乎没有失去动力.虽然,科学家还不能解释为什么随着年龄的增长,男性体内促进心脏跳动的细胞数损耗太多的原因.但是,他们指出男性可以通过锻炼来强健心脏,而女性也可以通过锻炼来加强腿部肌肉的力量.
解答 68.B 词义猜测题.根据第一段中的问句Why do men die earlier than women?(为什么男性的寿命没有女性的长?)可推知,下一句…women's longevity may be linked to the fact that…(女性的长寿现象和…有关)用来解释上一句,此处"longevity"指"长寿".故选B.
69.D 主旨大意题.根据第一、二段中的三句话,一问两答,可知,男性的寿命没有女性的长就在于随着年龄的增长,男性的心脏日趋衰竭而女性的心脏却几乎没有失去动力.下文围绕这一主题展开,详细说明了调查的人群,研究的结果并且给出了建议.故选D.
70.C 细节理解题.根据第四段What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells.(科学家吃惊地发现,随着年龄的增长,女性体内促使心脏跳动的细胞损耗很少.)故选C.
71.A 推理判断题. 根据倒数第二段The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart.(科学家们还没有发现为什么年龄老化使男性的心脏跳动细胞损失太多.)其中has yet to do 意为"还没有,有待去…"与选项A中的"be on the way to doing(在去…的路上,将要…)"同义.故选A.
点评 解主旨大意题时一定要抓住主题句,学会快速阅读文章的开头结尾,每段的第一句,从而掌握文章的大意,每段的大意.如本文的主题句就在文章的开头部分.