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    As the population of the planet increases, so does the number of homes, businesses, parking lots, schools, airports and roadways. All these structures use electricity and need to be lighted. Humans demand these lights. They want their homes more comfortable and they want their streets sage. The problem is that researchers are finding that all the light is having a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well.
    Less than 10 years ago I drove to a thinly populated section of my town, lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attracted meteor shower(流星雨). The area was short of homes, street lights and traffic. If I did that today, I wouldn’t be able to see the meteor shower as well, and I would surely be run over by a car.
    Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. If you’ve ever taken a flight at night, the view is beautiful, but you must remember that all the light you see is wasted electricity. The crew of the space shuttles see an even bigger picture of how extensive the wasted electricity is worldwide.
    Additionally, electricity needs to be generated, and the generation of electricity creates pollution by giving off greenhouse gases. This affects the air we breathe and our quality of life.
    Scientists are also studying the effects of light pollution on wildlife. Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lighted buildings, as they become puzzled by the light. It has been long known that tiny sea turtle hatchlings become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea.
    Fortunately, light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect. Following some guidelines and a little searching on Google can give you many ideas on how to reduce your contribution to light pollution. 
    小题1:The author tells the story in the second paragraph mainly to _________.
    A．remember the past beauty of the town.
    B．stress the advantages of less pollution
    C．show the great changes of the town
    D．prove the bad effects of light pollution
    小题2:In the passage the author advises people _________.
    A．to try to reduce unnecessary light.
    B．not to ignore the beauty around.
    C．to set proper light for animals
    D．not to destroy the animal’s living conditions.
    小题3:What can be inferred from the passage?
    A．Light pollution is difficult to deal with.
    B．Light pollution is a threat to some animals.
    C．Light pollution has nothing to do with global warming
    D．Astronauts can’t see clearly in space due to light pollution.
    小题4:What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph which follows the last paragraph?
    A．The author’s contribution to light pollution
    B．Other sources of light pollution
    C．Ways of reducing light pollution
    D．More bad effects of light pollution

    小题1:D
    小题1:A
    小题1:B
    小题1:C
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    From a very early age, some children show better self-control than others. Now, a new study that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a child’s low self-control can predict poor health, money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.
    Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now. They observed the level of self-control the youngsters displayed. Parents, teachers, even the kids themselves, scored the youngsters on measures like “acting before thinking” and “Persistence in reaching goals.”
    The study led  by Moffitt of Duke University and colleagues followed 1,000 children from birth to age 32 in Dunedin, New Zealand.
    “The children who had the lowest self-control when they were age three to ten, later on had the most health problems in their 30s,” Moffitt said，“and they had the worst financial situation. They were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low income.” Moffitt explained that self-control problems were widely observed, and weren’t just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.
    Moffitt said it’s still unclear why some children have better self-control than others, though she said other researchers have found that it’s mostly a learned behavior, with relatively little genetic influence. But good self-control can be set to run in families because children with good self-control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents. But the good news, Moffitt said, is that self-control can be taught by parents, and through school curricula that have been shown to be effective.
    小题1:From the first two paragraphs we learn that                      .
    A．the research has been carried out for five years
    B．self-control in kids tends to determine their future
    C．self-control was assessed by children’s intelligence
    D．children’s self-control is almost the same at early age
    小题2:Children with low self-control are more likely to                        .
    A．become wealthy in later lifeB．get good school performance
    C．have better financial planningD．adopt negative behaviors
    小题3:According to Moffitt，                       .
    A．only good genetic factors can shape their lives in the future
    B．scientists know well why some children have better self-control
    C．self-control in childhood has nothing to do with criminal activity
    D．willpower as a child really influences people’s chances of adulthood
    小题4:What can be inferred from the passage?
    A．Self-control cannot be taught in schools.
    B．The study is restricted within few participants.
    C．It’s never too late to deal with self-control problems.
    D．Good parenting can improve self-control and life success.
    小题5:Which of the following might be the best title of the  passage？
    A．Child’s self-control predicts future health and success
    B．Kids are encouraged to take risks at an early age
    C．Children’s development cannot be changed by teachers
    D．How to teach the kids a bit of self-control in schools

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：完形填空

    School was over and I felt quite tired. I sat at the very  41 of the crowded bus because of my anxiety to get home. Sitting there makes me  42  out like a shiny coin in a pile of dull pennies.
    Janie, the  43  , tries to break the uncomfortable atmosphere by striking the match of  44  .
    I tried to mind my manners and  45  listen, but usually I am too busy thinking about my day. On this day,   46  , her conversation was worth listening to.
    “My father’s sick,” she said to no one in particular (专门) , I could see the  47  and fear in her eyes. “What’s wrong with him?” I asked. With her eyes wet and her voice tight from  48  the tears, she answered, “Heart trouble.” Her eyes   49  as she continued. “I have already lost my mum, so I don’t think I can stand losing him.”
    I was  50  . My heart ached for her. And this reminded me of the great  51  that my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, and   52  is, for her. I wouldn’t like anyone to  53  that.
    Suddenly I realized Janie wasn’t only a bus driver. That was  54  her job. She had a whole world of   55  and concerns, too. I suddenly felt very  56  . I realized I had only thought of people as far as what their purposes were in my life. I paid no attention to Janie  57  she was a bus driver. I had  58  her by her job and brushed her off as unimportant.
    For all I know, I’m just another person in  59  else’s world, and may not be  60 . I should not have been so selfish and self-centered. Everyone has places to go, people to see and appointment to keep. Understanding people is an art.
    小题1:
    A．frontB．endC．sideD．middle
    小题2:
    A．findB．takeC．thinkD．stand
    小题3:
    A．doctorB．driverC．teacherD．assistant
    小题4:
    A．fireB．topicC．conversationD．discussion
    小题5:
    A．politelyB．slightlyC．carelesslyD．partly
    小题6:
    A．howeverB．thereforeC．insteadD．otherwise
    小题7:
    A．surpriseB．worryC．curiosityD．anger
    小题8:
    A．fightingB．turningC．clearingD．protecting
    小题9:
    A．openedB．shoneC．closedD．lowered
    小题10:
    A．recognizedB．worriedC．shockedD．excited
    小题11:
    A．victoryB．painC．respectD．disappointment
    小题12:
    A．awayB．seldomC．stillD．never
    小题13:
    A．pick upB．work outC．go throughD．get down
    小题14:
    A．almostB．nearlyC．everD．just
    小题15:
    A．familyB．busC．schoolD．friend
    小题16:
    A．selfishB．desperateC．pessimisticD．ridiculous
    小题17:
    A．whileB．becauseC．thoughD．until
    小题18:
    A．blamedB．receivedC．consideredD．judged
    小题19:
    A．everyoneB．anyoneC．someoneD．nobody
    小题20:
    A．happyB．wiseC．usefulD．important

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Life comes in a package. This package includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day we learn to handle various situations．
    Love
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    Love plays a pivotal role on our life．Love makes you feel wanted．Without love a person could go Hayward(不归路) and also become cruel and ferocious．In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad．But we always tend to take this for granted．It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings．Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better．
    Happiness and Sorrow
    Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others face gives a certain level of fulfillment．Peace of mind is the main link to happiness. No mind is happy without peace. We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow．Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one, failure and despair. But these things are temporary and pass away.
    Failure and Success
    Failure is the path to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, fame, pride and self-respect. Here it becomes very important to keep our head on our shoulder. The only way to show our gratitude to God for bestowing success on us is by being humble, modest, courteous and respectful to the less fortunate ones.
    Hope and Despair
    Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well．Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same we have only one choice keep moving on in life and be hopeful.
    Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is beyond our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dull. So the only alternative is work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.
    小题1:In the passage, the author compares life to          ．
    A．packageB．joy and sorrow
    C．failure and successD．hope and despair
    小题2:In which section can readers probably read the passage?
    A．OpinionsB．Politics C．EducationD．Lifestyles
    小题3:How is the passage organized?
    A．In order of rules．              B．In order of frequency.
    小题4:What’s the general meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage?
    A．If you work hard, you’ll have a better life in the future．
    B．when choosing between “today” and “tomorrow”, you’d better enjoy tomorrow better.
    C．What you only can choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow.
    D．Enjoying a better tomorrow is your only choice．
    小题5:What’s the purpose of the passage?
    A．To encourage people to love each other．
    B．To tell people how to deal with happiness and sorrow．
    C．To remind people of keeping having a beautiful dream．
    D．To give readers some information about life.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Phys ed (physical education) is making a comeback as a part of the school core curriculum(核心课程)，but with a difference. While group sports are still part of the curriculum, the new way is to teach skills that are useful beyond gym class. Instead of learning how to climb a rope, children are taught to lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance(忍耐力). In this way，kids are given the tools and skills and experiences so they can lead a physically active life for the rest of their life.
    Considering that 15 percent of American children aged 6 to 18 are overweight, supporters say more money and thought must be put into phys ed curriculum. In many cases, that may mean not just replacing the old gym-class model with fitness programs but also starting up phys ed programs because school boards often "put P.E. on the chopping block (砧板), cutting it entirely or decreasing its teachers or the days it is offered," says Alicia Moag-Stahlberg, the executive director of Action for Health Kids. The difference in phys ed programs is partly due to the lack of a national standard. "Physical education needs to be part of the core curriculum," she added.
    The wisdom of the new approach has some scientific support. Researchers at the University of Wisconsin have showed how effective the fit-for-life model of gym class can be. They observed how 50 overweight children lost more weight when they cycled and skied cross-country (越野)than when they played sports. The researchers also found that teaching sports like football resulted in less overall movement, partly because some reluctant（不情愿的）students were able to sit on the bench.
    Another problem with simply teaching group sports in gym class is that only a small percentage of students continue playing them after graduating from high school. The new method teaches skills that translate to adulthood.
    小题1:According to the passage, what is usually taught in the old gym class?
    A．Lift weights B．Climb a rope C．CycleD．Have a balanced diet
    小题2:What does Alicia Moag-Stahlberg mean by saying “some school boards put P. E. on the chopping block”?
    A．Schools do not pay enough attention to P. E..
    B．Schools welcome P. E. but do not have time for it.
    C．Schools put P.E. in the first place.
    D．Schools cut down other subjects’ time for P. E..
    小题3:Which is NOT the reason to carry out phys ed programs according to the passage?
    A．More teenagers are overweight.
    B．Traditional group sports teaching is not effective.
    C．Students need to learn some skills to help them lead a physically active life.
    D．Phys ed programs need less money to support.
    小题4:How many problems are mentioned in the passage with simply teaching group sports?
    A．TwoB．Three C．FourD．One
    小题5:What’s the difference between the come-back phys ed and the ordinary gym-class model?
    A．The Phys ed teaches group sports.
    B．The Phys ed provides more fitness programs.
    C．The Phys ed teaches tools and skills which could be used in the future life.
    D．The Phys ed has more support from the government.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    If your mother wants to tell you something, she uses words. Birds can not talk as we do. But some birds can make sounds to warn their young of danger. They have their own ways to make the young birds do certain thing.
    The jackdaw is a kind of blackbirds that lives in Europe. Jackdaws live together in flocks. ( 群) Yong jackdaws do not know their enemies. When an older jackdaw sees a dog , it makes a loud tattling (格格响的)sound.The young birds know this sound means an enemy is nearby.  The sounds warns them to know their enemy.
    If a young jackdaw is in a dangerous place, a jackdaw parent flies over him from behind.The parent bird flies low over the young bird’s back, the parents’ tail feathers move quickly from side to side, It is trying to say, “ Follow me.”
    At the same time , the parent calls out, “ Key-aw ,Key-aw.” The parent means, “ Fly home with me.” The young bird then follows the older one home.
    Young jackdaws do not have to learn what certain sounds mean.They know the meaning of these sounds from the time they hatch.
    小题1:The jackdaw lives in _____ .
    A．EuropeB．AustraliaC．AmericaD．Africa
    小题2:When an old jackdaw sees a dog , it _____ .
    A．calls out “Follow me .”B．makes a loud sound
    C．flies awayD．fights the dog .
    小题3: Parent jackdaw can use their tail feathers to ______ .
    A．ask their young to follow themB．play a game with the young
    C．tell the meal timeD．give a warning of a fire
    小题4:The story tells much about _____ .
    A．the danger of jackdaws.
    B．in which mother can talk to their children.
    C．the way jackdaws warn their young of danger.
    D．how the jackdaws are living.
    小题5: Which of the following does this story lead you to believe ?
    A．All animal parents can talk to their young.
    B．Dogs are the most dangerous enemies for jackdaws.
    C．Young jackdaws know the meaning of their parents’ sound when they grow older .
    D．Some birds can give certain information to one another.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    At Dallas/Fort Worth Airport, the lights are controlled by sensors that measure sunlight. They dim immediately when it’s sunny and brighten when a passing cloud blocks the sun.
    A wall of windows at a University of Pennsylvania engineering building has built-in blinds (百叶窗) controlled by a computer program that follows the sun’s path. Buildings are getting smarter and the next generation of building materials is expected to do even more.
    Windows could catch the sun’s energy to heat water. Sensors that measure the carbon dioxide breathed out by people in a room could determine whether the air conditioning needs to be turned up.
    Many new materials and technology have been designed in the last 15 years. They are now being used in a wave of buildings designed to save as much energy as possible. They include old ideas, like “green roofs”, where a belt of plants on a roof helps the building keep heat in winter and stay cool in summer, and new ideas, like special coating for windows that lets light in, but keeps heat out.
    As technologies such as sensors become cheaper, their uses spread.
    The elevators (电梯) at Seven World Trade Center, which is under construction in New York, use a system that groups people traveling to nearby floors into the same elevator, thus saving elevator stops. People who work in the building will enter it by swiping (刷) ID cards that will tell the elevators their floor, readouts will then tell them which elevator to use. The building also has windows with a coating that blocks heat while letting in light.
    More new building materials and technology are in development. A Philadelphia building firm is now working on “smart wrap” that uses tiny solar collectors to catch the sun’s energy and transmitters (传输器) as wide as a human hair to move it. They are expected to change the face of the construction industry in the next ten years or so.
    小题1:________ will be developed and used in the construction industry.
    A．“Green roofs” that cool or heat buildings
    B．“Smart wrap” that catches the sun’s energy
    C．Sunlight-measuring sensors that control lights
    D．Window coating that lets light in, but keeps heat out
    小题2: The elevators at Seven World Trade Center are special because they can ________.
    A．send people to floors with fewer stops B．teach people how to use their ID cards
    C．make people stay very cool in summer D．help people go traveling in the building
    小题3: The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.
    A．a human hairB．smart wrap C．the sun’s energyD．a transmitter
    小题4:What might be the most suitable title for the text?
    A．Buildings Are Becoming Smarter B．Buildings Are Getting More Sunlight
    C．Buildings Are Lacking in Much Energy D．Buildings Are Using Cheaper Materials

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Most recently, it's very common in students who need a parent present for job interviews． Naturally, it's easy to blame the students in these situations, but the bigger problem is us． We—as parents—are so eager to shelter our kids that we fail to realize that this in itself is harming them．As the mother of two young sons, I have to remind myself constantly that the biggest responsibility I have as a parent is to help them develop the skills needed to live in, to live without me．So, I'll let them fail．
    I'll let them fail because as long as they are safe and warm inside their comfort zones, they will never grow．And failure is along with loss, heartbreak, disappointment, etc．—will be part of growth for them．Call me the anti-tiger mom, but leaving them alone  is my way of helping them become equipped to fit in this world as we know it today．From terrorism and seemingly endless natural disasters, to our national debt and beyond, if we expect the next generation to stand up to the very real problems of our time, we need to stop feeding them and start teaching them how to fish．
    My children now are becoming little masters of compromise, but they try to negotiate （协商） everything now．It's a small price to help them learn a skill they'll use for the rest of their lives, including when I don't accompany them on job interviews．
    小题1:Why do parents accompany their kids on job interviews?
    A．Because they want to protect their kids from difficulties．
    B．Because they think they can help them on the questions．
    C．Because their kids are too shy to attend interviews．
    D．Because their kids strongly request them to do so．
    小题2:According to the author, what is beneficial to kids' development?
    A．Sheltering them．                      B．Keeping them safe．
    C．Leaving them alone．                  C．Blaming them．
    小题3:Why does the author stress failure in kids' life?
    A．To make them stronger than other kids．B．To help them grow in this tough world．
    C．To help them develop all social skills．D．To make them learn to compromise．
    小题4:Which of the following might be the best title for die text?
    A．Never Shelter Your Kids B．Let Your Kids Fail
    C．Be Eager to Grow UpD．Live Without Parents

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Scientists are not sure how the brain follows the tracks of time．One theory holds that it has a group of cells specialized to record the intervals （间隔）of time, while another theory holds that some neural processes （神经突）act as an inside clock．
    Whichever theory it may be, studies find, the cells have a poor grasp of longer interval．Time does seem to slow during an empty afternoon and race when the brain focuses on challenging work．Stimulants （兴奋剂）, including caffeine, tend to make people feel as if．time is passing faster; complex jobs, like doing taxes, can seem to drag on longer than they actually do．And  emotional  events — a breakup, a promotion, a transformative trip abroad —tend to be sensed as more recent than they actually are, by months or even years．In short, some psychologists say, the findings support the philosopher Martin Heidegger' s observation that time "persists merely as a consequence of the events taking place in it．"
    Now researchers are finding that the opposite thing may also be true: if very few events come to mind, then the sense of time does not persist; the brain shortens the interval that has passed．
    In one classic experiment, a French explorer named Michel Siffre lived in a cave for two months, cut off from the rhythms of night and day and man-made clocks．He appeared then, convinced that he had been isolated for only 25 days．Left to its own devices, the brain tends to shorten time．
    In earlier work, researchers found  that a similar case at work in people’s judgment of intervals that last only moments．Relatively infrequent stimuli, like flashes or tones, tend to increase the speed of the brain' s internal pacemaker．
    On an obvious level, these kinds of findings offer an explanation for why other people' s children seem to grow up so much faster than one's own．Involved parents are all too well aware of first step in their own children; however, seeing a cousin's child once every few years, without bothering memories, shortens the time．
    小题1:What can we infer from the first paragraph?
    A．Scientists have agreed about how the brain records time．
    B．Scientists all think that some cells record the intervals of time．
    C．Scientists haven't agreed on how the brain records time．
    D．Scientists all hold the theory that neural processes are an inside clock．
    小题2:According．to Paragraph 3, if we have few things to do, the brain will____．
    A．make the intervals of time long
    B．make the intervals of time short
    C．keep a state of rest
    D．stop working
    小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
    A．Michel Siffre didn' t think he had stayed in the cave for as long as two months．
    B．Parents tend to think their own children grow faster than others．
    C．Michel Diffre actually stayed in the cave for twenty-five days．
    D．Children usually bring bad memories to their parents．
    小题4:In which column of a newspaper can we find this passage?
    A．Social newsB．Community activities
    C．ScienceD．Children s life

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