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    11．此题要求改正所给短文中的错误．对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，则在该行右边横线上画出一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在此行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉；此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（　　），在此行右边横线上写出该加的词；该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词．注意：原行没有错的不要改．
    The Grand Canal is the longest canal in the world．It                     76．√
    runs from Beijing to Hangzhou，by a distance of nearly                 77．by改为with
    1，800 kilometres．Most rivers in China run from．western to       78．western改为west
    east，so the ancient rulers found necessary to dig a canal             79．加it
    that run from the south to the north．In the year 605  AD，80．run改为ran
    Emperor Yang Guang ordered the canal to be dug．Dig such          81．Dig改为Digging
    a long canal was very difficult．3.6 million of people worked          82．of去掉
    on them and in less than a year over half of them lost their             83．them改为it
    lives．Before the construction was completed，the Grand              84．Before改为Since
    Canal has been playing an important roles in transport．                85．roles改为role．

    分析 大运河是世界上最长的运河．它从北京延伸到杭州，距离近一千八百公里．中国绝大多数河流都是自西向东的，因此古代的统治者认为挖一条从南到北的运河很有必要．公元605年，隋炀帝杨广命令开凿运河，因为工程艰巨，参与劳动的三百六十万人在不到一年的时间里，有一半人丧命．从工程结束，大运河一直都在运输中发挥重要作用．

    解答 The Grand Canal is the longest canal in the world．It     
        
    runs from Beijing to Hangzhou，by a distance of nearly     
                                                   with
    1，800 kilometres．Most rivers in China run from western to   
                                                                                west
    east，so the ancient rulers found∧necessary to dig a canal    
                                                  加it
    that run from the south to the north．In the year 605  AD，
           ran
    Emperor Yang Guang ordered the canal to be dug．Dig such  
                                                                           Digging 
    a long canal was very difficult．3.6 million of people worked 
                                                                  去掉
    on them and in less than a year over half of them lost their  
          it
    lives．Before the construction was completed，the Grand    
              Since
    Canal has been playing an important roles in transport．
                                                         role
    1．正确．
    2．by改为with．题干表达的是事物具备的特征，要用with短语来表示．
    3．western改为west．句中west是作介词from的宾语，要用名词形式．
    4．加it．形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式．
    5．run改为ran．句意表达的是过去，要用一般过去时态．
    6．Dig改为Digging．题干中dig such a long canal是作主语的，要用动名词．
    7．of去掉．和具体数字连用的量词不能和of短语连用．
    8．them改为it．逻辑指代错误，句意指代的是大运河，要用it来指代．
    9．Before改为Since．句意表达的是从…时候开始．
    10．roles改为role．短语搭配，play an important role起重要作用．

    点评 短文改错题考查的是语境理解能力和用法基础知识．常考的知识点有：名词（单复数错误），动词（时态，语态，搭配，转换），代词（指代错误），形容词和副词（转换，比较等级），连词（and，but，or）等．偶尔也会考查逻辑错误，如本来用her，却用了his等等．解题是要注意：以句子为单位，以动词为中心．看句子要看完整，避免句子前后矛盾的错误；找错误要以动词为主，动词或与动词有关的错误占了改错的题的重要一部分．

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