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6.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中
共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除:把多余的词用(\)划掉.
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.
A boy lived near the Changjiang River was scolded by his parents on last Sunday.
Surprising,he didn't go to school on Monday.Instead,he took a bus to Chongqing,in
that he secretly slipped into a boat,sleeping all the way.The next morning he found him in Yichang.A lorry driver gives him a lift and something to eat.After visiting a few place of interest near Yidu,he stopped a car,which did not take him to Yidu and to Dangyang.
There he was picked up by a policeman and sent home by local government.How exciting
and grateful his parents were to meet him!

分析 本文主要讲述了一个男孩因为受到了父母的责备,所以选择了逃学并且离家出走的故事.男孩先是坐上了去重庆的公共汽车,然后又偷偷地溜到一条船上,睡了一路,第二天早上,醒来后发现自己到了宜昌.一位卡车司机让他搭了便车,还给了他一些吃的,后来他还参观了宜都附近的一些旅游胜地.最后在警察和当地政府的帮助下,他被送回了家.

解答 答案:
A boy lived near the Changjiang River was scolded by his parents on last Sunday.
 living或前加who或that                                                          去掉on                                                        
Surprising,he didn't go  to school on Monday.Instead,he took a bus to Chongqing,in that he
 Surprisingly                                                                                                                which
 slipped into a boat,sleeping all the way.The next morning he found him in Yichang.A lorry driver gives 
                                                                                                     himself                                     gave 
him a lift and something to eat.After visiting a few place of interest near Yidu,he stopped a car,
                                                                              places
which did not take him to Yidu and to Dangyang.There he was picked up by a policeman and sent home
                                               but   
 by∧local government.How excitingand grateful his parents were to meet him!
   the                                   excited
1  把lived改为living或在它的前加who或that    考查定语的用法   此处"…near the Changjiang"在句中作后置定语修饰名词A boy,由于A boy 与动词live构成主谓关系,故用动词的现在分词形式即living;或者可以在lived之前加关系代词who或that,用定语从句来修饰先行词A boy 
2  去掉on   考查介词的用法     星期的名称前如有last,this,next等词,在这些词的前面应省略介词,故应去掉on
3  把surprising改为Surprisingly     考查副词的用法   此处用来修饰整个句子,表明说话人的看法;意为"令人吃惊的是";故用副词Surprisingly
4  把that改为which    考查关系代词的用法     在定语从句中,that不能用于"介词+关系代词"的结构中,其中的关系代词可以是whom或which,由于本句的先行词Chongqing是地名,故填which
5  把him改为himself    考查反身代词的用法    根据语境可知,此处指的应是他自己,意为:第二天早上,他发现自己在宜昌;故用himself 
6  把gives改为gave    考查时态    根据上文的时间"on Monday"以及"The next morning"可知,此处应是发生在星期二的事情,故用一般过去时
7  把place改为places   考查名词的单复数   由于此处是用在a few (一些)之后的可数名词;故用名词的复数形式
8  把and改为but      考查连词的用法     此处的"not…but…"意为"不是…而是…";本句的意思是:他拦下了一辆车,这辆车没带他去宜都而是去了当阳
9   在local前加the   考查定冠词的用法    此处用在名词短语之前,特指当地的政府;故添加the
10  把exciting改为excited   考查形容词的用法    此处用来修饰人(his parents);故 用由过去分词转化来形容词

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题,主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力.错误类型一般有:缺词、多词和错词.常见的错误有:1 词法错误,主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此类试题时,需要正确分析句子成分,熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常见句法错误.通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误.解答此类试题时,需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法.3 应在理解文章大意的前提下,进行作答.

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