What’s in name? Well, apparently, our general happiness. Psychologists say that what we are called has a direct connection with our happiness.
Those called Judy and Joshua are the happiest, while Lynn or Ben is likely to be the unhappiest, according to research. Psychologist Dr David Holmes found that this can cause the association(联想) that others make with the name. Hearing the name Judy may make them think of actress Judi Dench or TV presenter Judy Finnigan, and people who are considered good-natured and happy. On the other hand, people think Paulines are unhappy because of the character Pauline Fowler from the TV programme East Enders. The research claims that this association influences the person with the name and so their personality is shaped to fit in. Dr David Holmes said, “This also has some relation with the original meaning of the name, for example, the original meaning of Judy is ‘praised’.”
Certain names also work well in certain aspects of life. In the workplace Richard and Judy are the happiest, while those called Ruth and Carly are the happiest in relationships. At the other end of the scale the unhappiest workers are Stuart and Liz, with the unhappiest in relationships being Frank and Harriet.
Dr Holmes said, “The relation we have with certain names, particularly important namesakes (同名者), also shapes how we see ourselves and so may have an effect on our confidence. Names are like product brands in having a powerful effect on attitudes and should therefore be chosen with care.”
“Other names are connected with being brave, outgoing or serious. Therefore, many celebrities change their names to ones which reflect these characteristic. This, in turn, influences parents when they choose names for their babies,” said Dr Holmes, “while names connected with ordinary people are rarely chosen for their babies.”
1.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. How to choose a good name for babies.
B. The relation between names and happiness.
C. How to have a name connected with celebrities.
D. The relation between names and success.
2.According to the passage, which of the following names are better?
A. Joshua and Ben. B. Pauline and Frank.
C. Richard and Stuart. D. Ruth and Joshua.
3.The author may continue the passage with _________.
A. names and product brands
B. famous people’s names
C. names and personality
D. parents’ choices of baby names
4.Which of the following is connected with names according to the passage?
A. Personality and self-confidence. B. Self-confidence and position.
C. Position and characteristic. D. Personality and appearance.
1.B
2.D
3.D
4.A
【解析】
试题分析：文章论述了名字和人生活幸福的联系，什么样的名字的人最快乐，名字和个性和自信是有关联的，父母应该慎重给孩子选择名字。
1.主旨大意题。结合中心句what we are called has a direct connection with our well-being文章论述了名字和人生活幸福的联系，所以选B。
2.细节题：从第三段的句子：while those called Ruth and Carly are the happiest in relationships. 可知叫Ruth and Carly的人更加快乐。选D。
3.推理判断题。文章论述了名字和人生活幸福的联系，下文自然要告诉父母如何选择名字。选D。
4.细节理解题。根据文章的句子："The relation we have with certain names, particularly important namesakes(同名者), also shapes how we see ourselves and so may have an effect on our confidence可知个性和自信和名字有关，答案是A。
考点：考查日常生活类短文
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Directions: The following people are going to take part in job interviews. Match the interviews (marked with A, B, C, D, E and F) with the people so that they can have a greater chance of being employed. There is one extra paragraph that you don’t need.
61. Tom is a university student graduating soon. He is smart, swift and quick-minded. He is fond of challenges. He can react to sudden changes very well.
62. Mary is a graduate who often can communicate and cooperate with others well and can make friends easily.
63. Tim is a hardworking person. He has done several jobs but still hasn’t found his favorite. Every time before he goes for an interview, he’ll make full preparations as to what interviewers may ask about him.
64. Helen has worked in an advertising company for 8 years before and now she is considering finding a job in a bigger advertising company. She is a talented woman and possesses outstanding skills.
65. Mike is a brave and honest person. He often says what’s in the mind. He has many true friends.
A
You’ll be asked a lot of questions concerning a wide variety of subjects. For example, you will be asked about the political affairs to see whether you keep an eye on the things happening at home and abroad. Of course, you should also know about the company itself very well—the basic information, the policy, the market, and the potential.
B
You may be interviewed with one or two other interviewees. The interviewer may ask you to solve problems which require you and your partner to work together. It’s as important to lead as to listen. So, team spirit matters.
C
The interviewer explores certain predetermined areas using questions which have been written in advance. You may be required to list your past experience, skills and personality. Your experience and skills are compared to specific job tasks to see whether you are fit for the job.
D
The interviewer intentionally attempts to upset you to see how you react under pressure. You may be asked questions that make you uncomfortable or you may be interrupted when you are speaking. At those times, your quick responses count.
E
In some job interviews, you will be asked about your social relationship. Sometimes, the interviewer will even ask you how much hard liquor (酒) you can drink. Just keep to the fact, or you’ll suffer later.
F
Situations are set up which simulate (copy) common problems you may meet with on the job. Your responses to these situations are measured against predetermined standards. The way of dealing with the problem really matters. The interviewers can determine whether you have the basic qualifications for the job.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2012-2013学年黑龙江哈尔滨第十二中学高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Whether you’re taking a trip alone or with your family, it’s easier to get sick when you’re in a new place because your body hasn’t had a chance to adjust to the food, water, and air in a new environment. Read the following tips on keeping your travel experience as healthy as possible.
Safe foods and drinks
What foods are safe to eat? Foods that have been boiled are generally safe, as well as fruits and vegetables that have to be peeled before eating. Avoid eating uncooked or undercooked meat.
Stay away from foods that require a lot of handling before serving.
Drink only bottled water when traveling. If you have to use the tap water, you should boil it first.
You can take it with you
When you’re packing, taking some painkiller and diarrhea medicine is a good idea. It’s also a good idea to pack some allergy (过敏) medicine even if you don’t take it at home, because people sometimes unexpectedly develop allergic reactions in a new environment.
Write it all down
Before you leave your sweet home, create a medical history form that includes the following information:
your name, address, and home phone number as well as a parent’s daytime phone number
your blood type a list of any ongoing health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, or AIDS a list of current medicines you are taking a list of allergies（过敏性的）to medicine, food, insects, and animals the name, address, and phone number of a relative other than your parent It also helps if you have some basic emergency medical knowledge, not only for yourself but also for helping others you may be traveling with. A great way to prepare for your trip is to take a first-aid or basic life support course before you go; if you’re traveling with a group, you should know where the first-aid kit is and what’s in it.
【小题1】Which of the following word can replace the underlined word in Para.1?
| A．adapt | B．just | C．adopt | D．correct |
| A．Some travel tips | B．Danger of travel |
| C．Travel experience | D．First aid in travel |
| A．your own | B．one of your parents |
| C．one of your relatives | D．one of your friends |
| A．Taking a first-aid course. | B．Writing down your blood type. |
| C．Taking some necessary medicine. | D．Telling your parents’ your plan. |
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If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned the hard way.
What’s in the name?
Sometimes the problem is the name. When General Motors introduced its Chevy Nova into Latin America, it overlooked the fact that Nova in Spanish means “It doesn’t go”. Sure enough, the Chevy Nova never went anywhere in Latin America.
Translation problems
Sometimes it is the slogan that doesn’t work. No company knows this better than Pepsi-Cola, with its “Come alive with Pepsi!” campaign. The campaign was so successful in the United States , Pepsi translated its slogan literally for its international campaign. As it turned out , the translations weren’t quite right. Pepsi was begging Germans to “Come out of the grave(坟墓)” and telling the Chinese that “Pepsi brings your ancestors(老祖宗) back from the grave.”
A picture’s worth a thousand words
Other times, the problem involves packaging . A picture of a smiling baby has helped sell countless jars of Gerber baby food. When Gerber started selling baby food in Africa, they used the same packaging as in the US, with the smiling baby on the label. Later they learned that in African countries, the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can’t read.
Twist of fate
Even the culture and religious factors and pure coincidence can be involved. Thorn McAn shoes have a Thorn McAn “signature” inside. To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country, this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country, feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God’s name by having people walk on it.
1.From the text we learned that _________.
A. Chevy Nova was brought in Latin America
B. General Motors did the best market research of all companies
C. Pepsi still sold well in China owing to the translation problems
D. the “Come alive with Pepsi” campaign worked well in the US
2.What was “Gerber’s problem”?
A. A translation problem B. Cultural factor
C. Religious factor D. The picture on the jar
3.For what reason were Thorn McAn shoes turned down in Bangladesh?
A. They are not designed attractively
B. Their advertisements are not persuasive
C. A signature looking like the word Allah was in the shoes
D. Problem for Thorn McAn was the company’s name
4.What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Lessons from some large corporations.
B. How to make use of advertisements
C. The importance of market research
D. The importance of packaging
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年宁夏高三年级第三次月考英语题 题型：其他题
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is bottled water better for you than tap? Or should you choose vitamin-enriched water? Experts say, skip it all. None of these products is likely to make you any healthier. Below, we look at four major myths about the benefits of drinking water. 1.Experts say there’s an easy way to judge. If you are not thirsty, your fluid intake is likely “just right”
Myth No 1: Drink eight glasses each day.
Scientists say there’s no clear health benefit of drinking so much water a day. 2. “Nobody really knows,” says Dr. Stanley Goldfarb, a kidney expert at the University.of Pennsylvania.
Myth No.2：Lots of water equals healthier skin.
The body is already 60 percent water. 3.Adding a few extra glasses of water each day has a limited effect. “It’s such a tiny part of what’s in the body,” says Goldfarb. “ It’s very unlikely that one’s getting any benefit.”
Myth No.3: 4.
A more accurate statement may be: Drinking water is a helpful tool for dieters. “Water is a great strategy for dieters because it has no calories,” says Madeline Fernstrom of the University of Pittsburgh. “So you can keep your mouth busy without food and get a sense of satisfaction.” But water is not magical, she adds. “Other zero-calorie options such as diet sodas are fine, too.”
Myth No. 4: It’s easy to get dehydrated(脱水的) during a workout.
Dehydration sets in when a person has lost 2 percent of his or her body weight. 5. “It’s also obvious that individuals in hot, dry climates have an increased need for water,” says Goldfarb. “But for a walk in the park, no water bottle is necessary.”
A.So where does the standard advice come from?
B.But it’s unclear whether these changes are clinically significant.
C.So for a 200-pound man, this means losing 4 pounds of water.
D.Drinking extra water leads to weight loss.
E.Drink as much water as you can.
F.So, if you take a 200-pound man, he’s 120 pounds of water.
G.But first, how do you know if you’re drinking enough water?
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About 45 percent of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to a recent survey. However, the benefits of getting enough sleep far outweigh the thrill of watching TV for one more hour or surfing the web. Getting a better night’s sleep will help you lose or keep your weight more effectively. Try these simple steps to improve your quality of sleep.
Take time to relax
So many of us go-go-go until it’s time for bed, but it’s important to take time to slow down and relax before sleeping. Do relaxing things, such as listening to soothing (抚慰的) music or deep breathing. Avoid stimulating (刺激的) activities such as writing e-mails, talking on the phone and watching TV. Some guidelines (指导方针): no e-mail after 8 p.m. and no TV or phone calls after 9 p.m..
Darker is better
Your body regulates your sleep cycle in response to the presence and absence of light, so dim the lights as evening approaches. Try getting ready for bed by candlelight. When you’re ready to sleep, make sure your room is as dark as possible.
Put your thoughts to bed
We all need time to process our day, but bed is not the place to do it if you want to sleep well. Take 10 to 15 minutes to record your thoughts in a journal. This effective technique will capture what’s in your mind so you don’t lie awake. Tell yourself you’re putting your thoughts to bed so that you can go to bed.
No sugar or alcohol before bed
These may wake you up. If you need a snack before bed, make it protein.
Try to get more sleep
Get an extra hour or two of sleep every night for a week and see how you feel. You’ll notice the difference!
1.The purpose of writing this text is to ________________________.
|
A．share some ways to slow down and relax before sleeping |
|
B．guide readers to improve their quality of sleep |
|
C．tell readers the importance of getting a good night’s sleep |
|
D．publish the results of a recent survey on quality of sleep |
2.According to the text, we know that __________________________.
|
A．we should keep our bedrooms in strong light before going to bed |
|
B．writing a diary may excite us and influence our sleep |
|
C．we should never get up later on weekends than we do on weekdays |
|
D．candlelight is a good choice for our bedrooms when we’re getting ready to sleep |
3. We should take time to slow down because it can _________________________.
|
A．inform us of the importance of sleeping |
|
B．signal to our body it’s time to sleep |
|
C．tell us to stop watching TV for making phone calls |
|
D．tell us not to do stimulating activities |
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